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PG 10 · cols. 247–250
A. Gallandius, Notitia de Malchione Ecclesiae Antiochenae presbytero
Editors' preface
CIRCA ANNUM DOMINI CCLX.
ABOUT THE YEAR OF THE LORD 260.
MALCHIO
MALCHION
ECCLESIAE ANTIOCHENAE PRESBYTER.
PRESBYTER OF THE CHURCH OF ANTIOCH.
NOTITIA.
NOTICE.
(GALLAND., Bibliotheca veterum Patrum, III, Proleg. p. XXXIX.)
(GALLANDI, Bibliotheca veterum Patrum, III, Prolegomena p. 39.)
I. Malchion, vir disertissimus, quo tempore claruit. Doctrina et eruditione praestans. Ecclesiae Antiochenae presbyter ordinatur. Acriter disputat adversus Paulum Samosatenum. Ejus memoria in Graecorum Menologiis recolitur.
I. Malchion, a most eloquent man; at what time he flourished. Outstanding in learning and erudition. He is ordained presbyter of the Church of Antioch. He disputes sharply against Paul of Samosata. His memory is kept in the Menologies of the Greeks.
II. Tempus inquiritur quo celebrata fuit posterior synodus Antiochena, ubi habita Malchionis disputatio. Pearsonii sententia de uno concilio Antiocheno evertitur.
II. The time is investigated at which the later Synod of Antioch was held, where Malchion's disputation took place. Pearson's opinion of a single Council of Antioch is overturned.
III. Epistolam synodicam Malchion litteris consignasse perhibetur. Quo anno illam perscripserit auctor. Eadem ex Eusebio exhibita. Fragmenta ex Actis disputationis Malchionianae subjecta.
III. Malchion is said to have committed the synodal epistle to writing. In what year the author wrote it out. The same set forth from Eusebius. Fragments from the Acts of Malchion's disputation appended.
I. Malchion, vir disertissimus, inquit Eusebius, ἀνὴρ τά τε ἄλλα λόγιος, circa Christi annum CCLXX claruisse comperitur. Graecorum litteris vehementer excultus, scholae sophisticae apud Antiochiam praefuit, sive, ut loquitur Hieronymus, in eadem urbe rhetoricam florentissime docuit. Neque vero doctrina solum et eruditione saeculari excelluit vir egregius, sed etiam ob eminentem Christianae fidei sinceritatem, presbyterii honorem in ejus loci Ecclesia est consecutus : Οὐ μὴν ἀλλὰ καὶ δι' ὑπερβάλλουσαν τῆς εἰς Χριστὸν πίστεως γνησιότητα, πρεσβυτερίου τῆς αὐτόθι παροικίας ἠξιωμένος.
I. Malchion, a most eloquent man, says Eusebius, ἀνὴρ τά τε ἄλλα λόγιος, is found to have flourished about the year of Christ 270. Thoroughly cultivated in the letters of the Greeks, he presided over the school of sophistry at Antioch, or, as Jerome speaks, taught rhetoric most flourishingly in the same city. Nor indeed did the distinguished man excel only in learning and secular erudition, but also on account of the eminent sincerity of his Christian faith he attained the honour of the presbyterate in the Church of that place: Οὐ μὴν ἀλλὰ καὶ δι' ὑπερβάλλουσαν τῆς εἰς Χριστὸν πίστεως γνησιότητα, πρεσβυτερίου τῆς αὐτόθι παροικίας ἠξιωμένος.
Synodo Antiochenae posteriori, quam postremam vocat Eusebius, τελευταίας συγκροτηθείσης — συνόδου, interfuit Malchion; in eaque adversus Paulum Samosatenum qui Ecclesiae Antiochenae episcopus Artemonis haeresim instaurarat, acriter disputavit, excipientibus cuncta notariis; solusque omnium occultos hominis sensus ac fraudes detegere valuit. Qua quidem ex confutatione tantam gloriam retulit noster auctor, inquit Valesius, ut ea de causa in Menologiis Graecorum die XXVIII Octobris consecrari meruerit.
At the later Synod of Antioch, which Eusebius calls the last, τελευταίας συγκροτηθείσης — συνόδου, Malchion was present; and in it he disputed sharply against Paul of Samosata, who as bishop of the Church of Antioch had revived the heresy of Artemon, while stenographers took down everything; and he alone of all was able to lay bare the hidden meanings and frauds of the man. From which refutation indeed our author won such great glory, says Valesius, that on that account he deserved to be hallowed in the Menologies of the Greeks on the twenty-eighth day of October.
II. Ex hac autem in tabulis Graecis consignata Malchionis memoria, existimaverim equidem celebratam fuisse hanc synodum anno CCLXIX desinente atque insequente prorogatam. Confirmatur verò
II. Now from this commemoration of Malchion recorded in the Greek calendars, I for my part should judge that this synod was celebrated at the close of the year 269 and prolonged into the following year. And there is confirmed
Editors' notes and page, col. 247
Footnotes
(1) ‹inquit Eusebius› · call in col 247
Euseb., Hist. eccl., lib. VII, cap. 29.
Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History, book 7, chapter 29.
(printed under page 134)
(2) ‹ut loquitur Hieronymus› · call in col 247
Hieron., De vir. illustr., cap. 71.
Jerome, On Illustrious Men, chapter 71.
(printed under page 134)
(3) ‹vocat Eusebius› · call in col 247
Euseb., l. c.
Eusebius, at the place cited.
(printed under page 134)
(4) ‹inquit Valesius› · call in col 247
Vales. in not. ad Euseb., l. c.
Valesius, in his notes on Eusebius, at the place cited.
(printed under page 134)
Page
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haec temporis notatio ex epistola ejusdem concilii Dionysio pontifici Romano inscripta, sed reddita Felici ejus successori, quod ille supremum diem obierit sub finem Decembris ejusdem anni CCLXIX, ut superius ostensum. Idque iterum astruitur ex citata epistola synodica, ubi Patres de Firmiliano Cappadociae antistite verba facientes : Nunc quoque, inquiunt, venturus erat Firmilianus; et jam Tarsum usque pervenerat. Sed cum nos jam convenissemus, interea loci dum illum accersimus, dum ejus adventum exspectamus, abiit e vita. Atqui Graeci in Menologio die XXVIII Octobris S. Firmiliani Caesareae in Cappadocia episcopi festum diem agunt. Quare, ut jure arguit Pagius, si eo die Firmilianus ad superos transiit, tunc jam congregata erat synodus Antiochena.
this dating of the time from the epistle of the same council addressed to Dionysius the Roman pontiff, but delivered to Felix his successor, because the former met his last day towards the end of December of the same year 269, as was shown above. And this is again established from the cited synodal epistle, where the Fathers, speaking of Firmilian the bishop of Cappadocia, say: Now also Firmilian was about to come, and had already arrived as far as Tarsus. But when we had already assembled, in the meantime while we were summoning him, while we were awaiting his arrival, he departed from life. Yet the Greeks in their Menology keep the feast day of Saint Firmilian, bishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia, on the twenty-eighth day of October. Wherefore, as Pagi rightly argues, if on that day Firmilian passed to the world above, the Synod of Antioch was then already assembled.
Atque ex his enimvero longo aberrasse Pearsonium colligimus, qui unicum tantum concilium Antiochenum in causa Samosateni coactum anno CCLXVI agnoscit; a quo propterea merito dissident vel sui contribules, Bullus et Dodvellus, ut Tillemontium aliosque omittamus. Neque advertit vir caetera doctus, hanc synodum qua de agimus, Eusebio postremam eapropter dictam ut modo vidimus, quod primae videlicet meminisset, in qua maxime eminuerunt Firmilianus Caesareae Cappadocum episcopus, Gregorius Thaumaturgus aliique;
And from these things indeed we gather that Pearson strayed far from the mark, who recognizes only a single Council of Antioch convened in the case of the Samosatene in the year 266; from whom on that account even his own countrymen, Bull and Dodwell, deservedly dissent, to say nothing of Tillemont and others. Nor did a man learned in other respects notice that this synod of which we are treating was called the last by Eusebius, as we just saw, for the reason that he had namely mentioned a first, in which there shone forth above all Firmilian bishop of Caesarea of the Cappadocians, Gregory Thaumaturgus, and others;
Editors' notes and page, col. 248
Footnotes
(5) ‹ut superius ostensum› · call in col 248
Prolegom., cap. 12; § 1.
Prolegomena, chapter 12, § 1.
(printed under page 134)
(6) ‹inquiunt› · call in col 248
Epist. conc. Antioch., § 1. Vid. infr., pag. 558.
Letter of the Council of Antioch, § 1. See below, page 558.
(printed under page 134)
(7) ‹jure arguit Pagius› · call in col 248
Pagi, Crit. ad ann. 271, § 2.
Pagi, Critica, at the year 271, § 2.
(printed under page 134)
(8) ‹Bullus› · call in col 248
Bull., Judic. Eccl. cath., cap. 3, § 7, pag. 28.
Bull, Judgement of the Catholic Church, chapter 3, § 7, page 28.
(printed under page 134)
(9) ‹et Dodvellus› · call in col 248
Dodw., Dissert. sing. ad opp. Pears. cap. 6, § 18, pag. 71.
Dodwell, Dissertationes singulares appended to Pearson's works, chapter 6, § 18, page 71.
(printed under page 134)
(10) ‹ut Tillemontium› · call in col 248
Tillem., Mém. eccl., tom. IV, not. 4 sur Paul de Samos., pag. 666.
Tillemont, Mémoires ecclésiastiques, volume 4, note 4 on Paul of Samosata, page 666.
(printed under page 134)
(11) ‹quod primae videlicet meminisset› · call in col 248
Euseb., Hist. eccl., lib. VII, cap. 28.
Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History, book 7, chapter 28.
(printed under page 134)
Page
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quorum tamen alter mortem oppetierat, quo tempore coacta fuit postrema; alter vero in ejusdem actis nuspiam comparet, tum et ipse fortasse defunctus. Nimirum in priore, anno Christi CCLXIV celebrata, Samosatenus dogmatis sui novitatem occultare adnisus, indemnis evasit; in posteriore autem circa annum CCLXX habita, Ecclesiae communione interdictus atque ab episcopali sede dejectus fuisse perhibetur.
of whom, however, the one had met his death at the time when the last was convened, while the other nowhere appears in its acts, perhaps himself also then deceased. Doubtless in the earlier one, celebrated in the year of Christ 264, the Samosatene, striving to conceal the novelty of his dogma, escaped unharmed; whereas in the later one, held about the year 270, he is related to have been barred from the communion of the Church and cast down from his episcopal see.
III. Damnato itaque Paulo et Domno suffecto, Patres Antiocheni unam, ait Eusebius, ex communi sententia ad Dionysium Romanae urbis episcopum et ad Maximum Alexandrinum scripserunt epistolam. Hanc autem epistolam synodicam litteris consignasse Malchionem, testis est luculentus Hieronymus : Sed et alia, inquit, grandis epistola ex persona synodi, ab eo scripta ad Dionysium et Maximum, Romanae et Alexandrinae Ecclesiae episcopos, dirigitur. Neque mirum sane, antistites Antiochenos id muneris Malchioni detulisse, viro scilicet disertissimo; quique suscepta disputatione adversus Paulum, ut scribit Eusebius, solus omnium occultos hominis sensus fraudesque detegere valuit; ut propterea minime audiendi sint Caveus et
III. When Paul therefore had been condemned and Domnus substituted in his place, the Fathers of Antioch, says Eusebius, wrote a single epistle by common consent to Dionysius bishop of the city of Rome and to Maximus of Alexandria. And that Malchion committed this synodal epistle to writing, Jerome is a clear witness: Moreover another long epistle, he says, written by him in the name of the synod, is addressed to Dionysius and Maximus, bishops of the Roman and Alexandrian Churches. Nor indeed is it any wonder that the bishops of Antioch entrusted this task to Malchion, inasmuch as he was a most eloquent man, and one who, having undertaken the disputation against Paul, as Eusebius writes, alone of all was able to lay bare the hidden meanings and frauds of the man; so that on that account Cave and
Fabricius, qui Hieronymi auctoritatem quodammodo elevare aggrediuntur: licet posterior melius consultus, sententiam deinceps mutarit, Malchionem ejusdem epistolae synodicae auctorem agnoscens. In quam quidem sententiam concessisse quoque cl. Harduinum, duce procul dubio Hieronymo, novimus.
Fabricius, who attempt in some measure to lessen the authority of Jerome: although the latter, better advised, afterwards changed his opinion, acknowledging Malchion as the author of the same synodal epistle. To which opinion indeed we know that the illustrious Hardouin also acceded, with Jerome without doubt as his guide.
Caeterum, cum tradat Eusebius, postremum istud Antiochenum concilium celebratum fuisse temporibus Aureliani imperatoris, quem quidem anno CCLXX circa mensem Aprilem Claudio II successisse cum Tillemontio censemus; propterea eodem anno currente perscriptam fuisse a Malchione hanc synodicam epistolam existimamus, cum Dionysii Romani pontificis obitus nuntium Antiochiam nondum pervenisset.
Moreover, since Eusebius relates that that last council of Antioch was celebrated in the times of the Emperor Aurelian, whom indeed we judge with Tillemont to have succeeded Claudius II in the year 270 around the month of April; therefore we consider that this synodal epistle was written out by Malchion in the course of the same year, when the news of the death of Dionysius the Roman pontiff had not yet reached Antioch.
Porro ejusmodi ecclesiasticae antiquitatis monumentum ex Eusebio Valesiano descripsimus, additis quoque fragmentis ejusdem, ut videtur, epistolae quae apud Leontium Byzantium servantur. Praeterea subjecimus ex eodem Leontio et Petro Diacono, quae superant ex Actis disputationis habitae a Malchione contra Samosatenum, cujus paulo ante meminimus.
Furthermore, we have transcribed this monument of ecclesiastical antiquity from the Valesian Eusebius, having added also the fragments of the same epistle, as it seems, which are preserved in Leontius of Byzantium. Besides, we have subjoined from the same Leontius and Peter the Deacon what remains from the Acts of the disputation held by Malchion against the Samosatene, which we mentioned a little before.
Editors' notes and page, col. 249
Footnotes
(12) · call in col 249
Euseb., Hist. eccles. lib. VII, cap. 30.
Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History, book 7, chapter 30.
(printed under page 135)
(13) · call in col 249
Hieron., De vir. illustr., cap. 71.
Jerome, On Illustrious Men, chapter 71.
(printed under page 135)
(14) · call in col 249
Euseb., l. c. cap. 29.
Eusebius, at the place cited, chapter 29.
(printed under page 135)
(15) ‹sint Caveus› · call in col 249
Cav., Hist. litt. ad ann. 270, tom. I, pag. 136.
Cave, Historia literaria, at the year 270, volume 1, page 136.
(printed under page 135)
(16) · call in col 249
Fabric., Bibl. eccl. in not. ad Hieron., pag. 161.
Fabricius, Bibliotheca ecclesiastica, in the notes on Jerome, page 161.
(printed under page 135)
(17) · call in col 249
Fabric., Bibl. Gr. tom. XI, pag. 346.
Fabricius, Bibliotheca Graeca, volume 11, page 346.
(printed under page 135)
(18) · call in col 249
Harduin., Concil. tom. I, edit. Venet. pag. 911, not. 1.
Hardouin, Councils, volume 1, Venice edition, page 911, note 1.
(printed under page 135)
(19) · call in col 249
Euseb. l. c. cap. 30.
Eusebius, at the place cited, chapter 30.
(printed under page 135)
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Editors' notes and page, col. 250
Footnotes
(20) · call in col 250
Tillem., Hist. des emp., tom. III, not. 3 sur Aurel., pag. 532.
Tillemont, Histoire des empereurs, volume 3, note 3 on Aurelian, page 532.
(printed under page 135)
(21) · call in col 250
Leont. Byz., lib. III contr. Nestor., sub fin.
Leontius of Byzantium, book 3 against Nestorius, near the end.
(printed under page 135)
(22) · call in col 250
Petr. Diac., lib. De incarnat. ad Fulgent., cap. 6.
Peter the Deacon, book On the Incarnation addressed to Fulgentius, chapter 6.
(printed under page 135)
(23) ‹Νικόμας καὶ Αἰλιανός› · call in col 250
Αἰμιλιανός. In codice Mazar., Fuket., Savil. et Med. Αἰλιανὸς legitur. Rufinus quoque Aelianum vocat, atque ita fere Nicephorus et Syncellus. Caeterum Athanasius, in libro De synodis Arimini et Seleuciae, testatur in hac synodo 70 fuisse Patres, qui Paulum Samosatensem deposuerunt. VALES.
Aemilianus. In the Mazarin, Fouquet, Savile and Medici manuscripts Aelianus is read. Rufinus too calls him Aelianus, and so, roughly, do Nicephorus and Syncellus. For the rest, Athanasius, in his book On the Synods of Ariminum and Seleucia, attests that there were 70 Fathers at this synod who deposed Paul of Samosata. VALESIUS.
(printed under page 135)
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