Migne Reading Room
PG 6 · cols. 205–226
Excerpta ex praefatione editoris Ienensis (J. C. T. Otto, Ienae 1842): I. De Justini codicibus editis; II. De Justini codicibus in alias linguas versis; III. De Justini codicibus manuscriptis
Editors' preface
LECTORI.
To the Reader.
Ienae anno 1842 prodiit nova S. Justini Operum editio, curante Joan. Carolo Theod. Ottone, Ienensi, philosophiae doctore, quam in limine operis Lectoribus commendat vir cl. D. L. F. O. Baumgarten-Crusius, in Academia Ienensi professor. Hujus novissimae recensionis textum non sine fructu contulimus cum editione D. Prudentii Marani. Adnotationes Editoris, ut magni faciendas, modo contractas, modo etiam integras multoties adhibuimus. Ut autem Lectori fontes innotescant e quibus hausit cl. Otto, hanc Prolegomenon ejus partem selegimus hic sistendam in qua Justini editiones enumerat et mss. codices recenset in variis usque nobilissimis Europae bibliothecis exstantes, quorum subsidio editionem suam adornavit. Accuratiorem tamen omnium codicum Parisiensium notitiam ex Doctoris Nolte descriptione cum lectoribus ad calcem libr. communicabimus. EDIT. PATR.
At Jena in the year 1842 there appeared a new edition of the Works of Saint Justin, edited by Johann Carl Theodor Otto of Jena, Doctor of Philosophy, which the distinguished D. L. F. O. Baumgarten-Crusius, professor in the University of Jena, commends to its readers at the threshold of the work. We have collated the text of this latest recension, not without profit, with the edition of Dom Prudent Maran. The Editor's annotations, as worthy of high regard, we have very often used, now abridged, now even entire. But so that the reader may know the sources from which the distinguished Otto drew, we have chosen to set out here that part of his Prolegomena in which he enumerates the editions of Justin and reviews the manuscript codices extant in various, and those the most celebrated, libraries of Europe, with whose help he prepared his edition. A more exact account of all the Paris codices, however, we shall share with our readers at the end of the book, from Doctor Nolte's description. The Editors of the Patrologia.
I. DE JUSTINI CODICIBUS EDITIS
I. On the Printed Editions of Justin
(S. Justini, philosophi et martyris Opera. Recensuit Joan. Carol. Theod. Otto, Ienensis. Ienae, ap. Frider. Mauke 1842, tom. I, Proleg., p. xxxi. Genuina tantum S. Justini scripta complectitur haec editio.)
(The Works of Saint Justin, Philosopher and Martyr. Edited by Johann Carl Theodor Otto of Jena. Jena, Friedrich Mauke, 1842, vol. I, Prolegomena, p. xxxi. This edition contains only the genuine writings of Saint Justin.)
S. Justini philosophi et martyris scripta multo post renatas litteras artemque typographicam introductam lucem videre. Etenim demum a. 1539 in-4° emissus est : D. Justini admonitorius ad gentes liber, Graece, Parisiis in aedibus Carolae Quillard; excudebat Joannes Lodoicus. Quem librum ut ipsi nancisceremur, nobis non contigit.
The writings of Saint Justin, philosopher and martyr, saw the light long after the revival of letters and the introduction of the art of printing. For only in the year 1539 was there issued in quarto: The Admonitory Book of Saint Justin to the Gentiles, in Greek, at Paris in the house of Charlotte Guillard; printed by Jean Loys. To obtain this book ourselves has not fallen to our lot.
Fere omnia autem Justini opera (genuina et supposititia) ex bibliotheca Regia et regiis typis Graece primus edidit Robertus Stephanus, typographus regius, Lutetiae a. 1551, fol. : ΤΟΥ ἉΓΙΟΥ ἸΟΥΣΤΙΝΟΥ ΦΙΛΟΣΟΦΟΥ ΚΑΙ ΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΣ, ΖΗΝᾼ καὶ Σερήνῳ. ΛΟΓΟΣ παραινετικὸς πρὸς Ἕλληνας. ΠΡΟΣ ΤΡΥΦΩΝΑ Ἰουδαῖον διάλογος. ἈΠΟΛΟΓΙΑ ὑπὲρ Χριστιανῶν πρὸς τὴν Ῥωμαίων Σύγκλητον. ἈΠΟΛΟΓΙΑ βʹ ὑπὲρ Χριστιανῶν πρὸς Ἀντωνῖνον τὸν Εὐσεβῆ. ΠΕΡΙ Θεοῦ μοναρχίας. ἜΚΘΕΣΙΣ πίστεως περὶ τῆς ὀρθῆς ὁμολογίας, ἤτοι περὶ τῆς ἁγίας καὶ ὁμοουσίου Τριάδος. ἈΝΑΤΡΟΠΗ δογμάτων τινῶν Ἀριστοτελικῶν. ἘΡΩΤΗΣΕΙΣ Χριστιανικαὶ πρὸς τοὺς Ἕλληνας, καὶ Ἑλληνικαὶ ἀποκρίσεις, καὶ τῶν αὐτῶν ἀποκρίσεων ἔλεγχοι. ἈΠΟΚΡΙΣΕΙΣ πρὸς τοὺς ὀρθοδόξους περί τινων ἀναγκαίων ζητημάτων.
Nearly all the works of Justin, however (both genuine and spurious), from the Royal Library and in the royal types in Greek, were first edited by Robert Estienne, royal printer, at Paris in the year 1551, in folio: Of Saint Justin, Philosopher and Martyr, to Zenas and Serenus. Hortatory Address to the Greeks. Dialogue with Trypho a Jew. Apology on behalf of the Christians to the Roman Senate. Second Apology on behalf of the Christians to Antoninus Pius. On the Monarchy of God. Exposition of Faith concerning the Right Confession, that is, concerning the Holy and Consubstantial Trinity. Overthrow of Certain Aristotelian Doctrines. Christian Questions to the Greeks, and Greek Replies, and Refutations of the Same Replies. Replies to the Orthodox concerning Certain Necessary Questions.
Editors' notes and page, col. 205
Editors' prose
- full_width band across cols 205/206 (set by hand by QA Q1 at the head of c205_a.md, from the page images of cols 205 and 206): title LECTORI.; the Patrologia editors' notice Ienae anno 1842 ... communicabimus. EDIT. PATR. (editors' matter); section heading I. DE JUSTINI CODICIBUS EDITIS (printed without a final point); the bracketed sub-heading (S. Justini, philosophi et martyris Opera ... haec editio.). The work's title EXCERPTA EX PRAEFATIONE EDITORIS IENENSIS stands only in the running head across the page top. - UNSURE: notice line 7 opening word read as usque (in variis usque nobilissimis); notice line 8 ends libr. at the right margin (abbreviation as printed, or libri cut by the scan edge). - footnotes (1) J. Alb. Fabricius ... and (2) De alia editione a. 1595 ... stand at the foot of this page but are called in col. 206: set under col. 206.
Page
- running head: 205 EXCERPTA EX PRAEFATIONE E
- marginal letters: A persecutione scriptos fuisse; B S. Justini philosophi; C Σύγκλητον. ἈΠΟΛΟΓΙΑ βʹ
- old-edition numerals: (none)
- other: Latin only, no Greek printed; editors' matter: persecutione scriptos fuisse, S. Justini philosophi; full-width title LECTORI., notice Ienae anno 1842... communicabimus. EDIT. PATR., heading I. DE JUSTINI CODIC... and sub-heading (S. Justini, philosophi et martyris Opera... between paragraphs 2 and 3 cut off at right edge, not set by the volunteer page (now set by QA Q1, see Editors' prose); last word ζητημά- split across column break to col. 206
- other: a full-width band stands across cols 205/206 in mid-page: the 1 paragraph(s) above it in col 206 are set here, after the 2 above it in col 205 (reading order, moved on receipt); the band itself (its title lines) is not set by the volunteer page: set it here, at the move, with full_width
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ἘΡΩΤΗΣΕΙΣ Ἑλληνικαὶ πρὸς τοὺς Χριστιανοὺς περὶ τοῦ ἀσωμάτου, καὶ περὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ περὶ τῆς ἀναστάσεως τῶν νεκρῶν, καὶ πρὸς τὰς αὐτὰς ἐρωτήσεις ἀποκρίσεις Χριστιανικαί. Illo enim ordine disposita sunt opera in bibliothecae Regiae codice msto nunc numero 450 notato, quem, ut jam Nic. le Nourry (Apparatus ad Bibliothecam maximam veterum Patrum, etc. Paris. 1703, fol. p. I, p. 468) observavit, Stephanus egregia diligentia curavit exscribendum; pauca tantum aliter, atque in codice msto exstabant, partim consulto, partim imprudenter excudit. Praeterea in editi operis fine adjecit « locorum, qui aliter, quam impressi sunt, in aliis codicibus leguntur aut legi videntur, adnotationes. » Hujus editionis principis et nitidae symbolum : Βασιλεῖ τ' ἀγαθῷ κρατερῷ τ' αἰχμητῇ (1).
Greek Questions to the Christians concerning the Incorporeal, and concerning God, and concerning the Resurrection of the Dead, and Christian Replies to the Same Questions. For in that order the works are arranged in the manuscript codex of the Royal Library now marked with the number 450, which, as Nicolas Le Nourry (Apparatus to the Maxima Bibliotheca veterum Patrum, etc., Paris, 1703, folio, part I, p. 468) already observed, Estienne had transcribed with outstanding diligence; only a few things did he print otherwise than they stood in the manuscript codex, partly on purpose, partly inadvertently. Moreover, at the end of the published work he added "annotations of passages which are read, or seem to be read, otherwise in other codices than they have been printed." The motto of this neat editio princeps is: Both to a good king and a mighty spearman.
Cum vero vir ille celeberrimus omisisset Orationem ad Graecos et Epistolam ad Diognetum, eas cum versione Latina et adnotationibus Henricus Stephanus, Roberti filius, Parisiis a. 1592 (2) in-4° excudit. Idem addidit Joannis Jacobi Beureri de quorumdam locorum partim interpretatione, partim emendatione judicium; insuper adnexit Tatiani
Since, however, that most celebrated man had omitted the Address to the Greeks and the Epistle to Diognetus, Henri Estienne, Robert's son, printed them with a Latin version and annotations at Paris in the year 1592 in quarto. The same man added the judgement of Johann Jakob Beurer concerning partly the interpretation, partly the emendation of certain passages; in addition, he annexed Tatian's
Editors' notes and page, col. 206
Footnotes
(1) ‹anchor: τ' αἰχμητῇ› · call in col 206
J. Alb. Fabricius (Biblioth. Græc. cur. Harles. vol. VII. Hamb. 1801, 4, p. 61) utramque refert Apologiam Græce pridem Romæ (in-8°) impressam esse a Zannero una cum Gregorii Thaumaturgi, Athanasii, Basilii M., Gregorii Naz. et J. Chrysostomi nonnullis, curante Hieronymo Bunello, S. J. At vero de hac editione valde dubitandum est.
J. A. Fabricius (Bibliotheca Graeca, ed. Harles, vol. VII, Hamburg 1801, quarto, p. 61) reports that both Apologies were printed in Greek long ago at Rome (in octavo) by Zannetti, together with some works of Gregory Thaumaturgus, Athanasius, Basil the Great, Gregory Nazianzen and John Chrysostom, under the care of Girolamo Brunelli, S.J. But this edition is very much to be doubted.
(printed under page 109)
(2) ‹anchor: a. 1592› · call in col 206
De alia editione a. 1595 jam Mich. Maittaire (Annall. typograph. Hagæ Comit. 1725, 4, tom. III, p. II, p. 810, not. b) dubitavit.
Michael Maittaire (Annales typographici, The Hague 1725, quarto, vol. III, part II, p. 810, note b) already doubted another edition of the year 1595.
(printed under page 109)
Page
- running head: RAEFATIONE EDITORIS IENENSIS. 206
- marginal letters: A a Theophilo indicari; B των. ἘΡΩΤΗΣΕΙΣ Ἑλληνικαὶ; C symbolum : Βασιλεῖ
- old-edition numerals: (none)
- other: Latin only, no Greek printed; editors' matter: a Theophilo indicari, των. ἘΡΩΤΗΣΕΙΣ Ἑλληνικαὶ; first word των. split from ζητημά- at end of col. 205; full-width title ECTORI., notice ...perum editio..., heading ...I CODICIBUS EDITIS and sub-heading ...it Joan. Carol. Theod. Otto... between paragraphs 1 and 2 cut off at left edge, not set
- other: the 1 paragraph(s) of this column above the full-width band are set under col 205 (reading order, moved on receipt)
quaedam. Codex autem mstus, quem typis describendum curavit, nunc Lugduni Batavorum asservatur. Editio quidem jam e prelo exierat, tamen nondum prodierat in publicum, quia illius theologi Friburgensis interpretatio et emendationes diu exspectatae nondum in Stephani manus venerant. « Et quoniam, inquit p. 97 sq., illum quosdam difficiles locos aliter interpretatum esse videbam, ac praesertim diversas a meis conjecturas illius inveniebam, cum alibi, tum vero ubi lacunae aut lacunulae aut saltem litterae ἐξίτηλοι et oculos fugientes in nostro exemplari erant (uno enim eodemque usi sumus; sed ego ante illum), et te, lector, tanti viri fraudandum judicio non censebam : adnotationes aliquot, in quibus vel diversas a meis ejus emendationes vel diversam interpretationem tibi proponerem, superioribus adjicere decrevi, atque id ut decreveram effectum reddidi. » Sed Stephanus doctissimus grammaticus in scriptis illis emendandis sic versatur, quasi Platonis essent aut Demosthenis opera; quapropter interdum non tam sanandi quam ornandi textus partes sustinet.
The manuscript codex, however, which he had transcribed in type, is now preserved at Leiden. The edition indeed had already come off the press, yet had not yet come out in public, because the long-awaited translation and emendations of that theologian of Freiburg had not yet come into Estienne's hands. "And since," he says on p. 97 ff., "I saw that he had translated certain difficult passages otherwise, and especially found his conjectures different from mine, both elsewhere and particularly where there were lacunae or small lacunae or at least faded letters escaping the eyes in our exemplar (for we used one and the same; but I before him), and I did not think that you, reader, should be deprived of the judgement of so great a man: I decided to add to the preceding ones some annotations in which I might set before you either his emendations differing from mine or a different translation, and I carried that out just as I had decided." But Estienne, a most learned grammarian, engages in emending those writings as though they were the works of Plato or Demosthenes; wherefore at times he takes on the role not so much of healing as of adorning the text.
Omnia illa S. Justini opera, ab utroque Stephano in lucem prolata, Graece cum versione J. Langi passim emendata, notis et indicibus copiosis edidit Fridericus Sylburgius, Heidelbergae ex typographeio Hieron. Commelini a. 1593, fol., tom. III in uno volumine. Libros ita collocavit : tom. I, p. 1-167 : Cohortatio ad Graecos, Oratio ad Graecos, Utraque apologia, De monarchia liber, Aristotelicorum quorumdam dogmatum eversio, Quaestiones Christianorum ad Graecos cum Graecorum responsione et responsionis illius confutatione, Appendix ad Graecos, qua et Aristotelis et aliorum philosophorum dogmata quaedam confutantur, Quaestiones Graecorum ad Christianos de incorporeo, etc. ; tom. II, p. 167-291 : Dialogus cum Tryphone; tom. III, p. 292-398 : Expositio rectae fidei, Responsiones ad orthodoxos de quibusdam necessariis quaestionibus, Epistola ad Diognetum, Epistola ad Zenam et Serenum. Textus est Stephanianus. « Ad hanc editionem, inquit (p. 401) vir ille diligentissimus, Henrici Stephani discipulus, contribuerunt Joann. Arcerius, e Belgio, et Dav. Hoeschelius, e Vindelicorum Augusta. Idem hic Hoeschelius ultra suam symbolam addidit etiam Hieron. Wolfii adnotationes, e libro ejus sua manu excerptas, ut eo pacto et boni praeceptoris memoriam propagaret et rei litterariae commoda plenius adjuvaret. » Insuper apposuit (p. 432 sqq.) selectas Joach. Perionii notas una cum iis quae Jacob. Billius in Observationum sacrarum (Paris. 1585, fol.) lib. II, cap. 6, ad Justini Apologiam I notaverat. Adjecit denique quae R. Stephanus in editionis calce atque H. Stephanus et Beurerus de textu Orationis ad Graecos et Epistolae ad Diognetum emendando monuerant.
All those works of Saint Justin, brought to light by both Estiennes, in Greek with the version of Johann Lange emended throughout, and with copious notes and indices, were edited by Friedrich Sylburg, at Heidelberg from the printing house of Jerome Commelin in the year 1593, in folio, three tomes in one volume. He arranged the books thus: tome I, pp. 1-167: Exhortation to the Greeks, Address to the Greeks, Both Apologies, Book on Monarchy, Overthrow of Certain Aristotelian Doctrines, Questions of the Christians to the Greeks with the Reply of the Greeks and the Refutation of that Reply, Appendix to the Greeks, in which certain doctrines both of Aristotle and of other philosophers are refuted, Questions of the Greeks to the Christians concerning the Incorporeal, etc.; tome II, pp. 167-291: Dialogue with Trypho; tome III, pp. 292-398: Exposition of the Right Faith, Replies to the Orthodox concerning Certain Necessary Questions, Epistle to Diognetus, Epistle to Zenas and Serenus. The text is Estienne's. "To this edition," says (p. 401) that most diligent man, a pupil of Henri Estienne, "contributed Johannes Arcerius, from the Low Countries, and David Hoeschel, from Augsburg. This same Hoeschel, beyond his own contribution, added also the annotations of Hieronymus Wolf, excerpted in his own hand from his book, so that in that way he might both propagate the memory of a good teacher and more fully assist the interests of letters." In addition, he appended (p. 432 ff.) selected notes of Joachim Périon together with those which Jacques de Billy had noted on Justin's First Apology in book II, chapter 6 of his Sacred Observations (Paris, 1585, folio). Finally, he added the remarks which Robert Estienne at the end of his edition and Henri Estienne and Beurer had made on emending the text of the Address to the Greeks and the Epistle to Diognetus.
Editors' notes and page, col. 207
Page
- running head: 207 S. JUSTINUS PHILOSOPHUS
- marginal letters: A quaedam. Codex autem; B dationes vel diversam; C telicorum quorumdam dogmatum; D corum Augusta. Idem
- old-edition numerals: (none)
- other: Latin only, no Greek printed; editors' matter: quaedam. Codex autem
Haec Sylburgii editio recusa est cur. Fed. Morello, professore regio, Lutetiae Paris. apud Michaelem Sonnium (alia exempl. inscripta sunt : apud Claud. Morellum), via Jacobea sub scuto Basiliensi, a. 1615, fol., et dehinc apud Claud. Sonnium (in aliis exempl. : apud Carol. Morellum), via Jacob., ad insigne scuti Basiliensis, a. 1636, fol. (tom. III in I vol.). Adjuncta est in utraque editione Petri Lansselii, Gravelingani, Soc. Jesu presbyteri, dispunctio animadversionum in Justinum, quas Isaac. Casaubonus Exercitationibus suis adversus Baronium inseruit. Praeterea accedunt tanquam corollaria Athenagorae, Theophili, Tatiani et Hermiae tractatus. Praefixa est quaedam Justini effigies cum hoc lemmate :
This edition of Sylburg was reprinted under the care of Fédéric Morel, royal professor, at Paris by Michel Sonnius (other copies are inscribed: by Claude Morel), on the Rue Saint-Jacques under the Shield of Basel, in the year 1615, in folio, and thereafter by Claude Sonnius (in other copies: by Charles Morel), on the Rue Saint-Jacques, at the sign of the Shield of Basel, in the year 1636, in folio (three tomes in one volume). Added in both editions is the examination by Pierre Lanssel, of Gravelines, priest of the Society of Jesus, of the strictures against Justin which Isaac Casaubon inserted into his Exercitations against Baronius. Moreover, the treatises of Athenagoras, Theophilus, Tatian, and Hermias are appended as corollaries. Prefixed is a certain portrait of Justin with this epigram:
Ἠνίδ' Ἰουστίνου διττοῖς στέφεσιν κάρα κασθὲν, Οὐρανίης σοφίης μαρτυρίου θ' ὁσίου.
Behold the head of Justin adorned with twin crowns, of heavenly wisdom and of holy martyrdom.
Repraesentatur aetate in senium vergente, sed robusto corporis habitu; digitis micat in modum disputantis, ita tamen, ut unius Dei veritatem, quam index sinistrae extentus significat, demonstratione evincat syllogistica, per tres priores dextrae digitos denotata. Aut vetus ille pictor unum in essentia, in Personis trinum Deum exprimere voluit.
He is represented at an age verging towards old age, but with a robust bodily frame; he gestures with his fingers in the manner of one disputing, yet in such a way that he establishes the truth of the one God, which the extended index finger of his left hand signifies, by a syllogistic demonstration denoted through the first three fingers of his right hand. Or else that ancient painter wished to express God one in essence and triune in Persons.
Exemplar Parisiense a. 1636 foras emissum ex asse exprimit editio, quae Coloniae, vel potius Vitebergae apud Jerem. Schrey et Henr. J. Meyerum a. 1686, fol., tom. III in I vol. prodiit. Prioribus auctior est Christ. Kortholti, professoris Kiloniensis, in Justinum, Athenagoram, Theophilum Antiochenum, Tatianum commentario, primum separatim publici juris facto Kiloniae a. 1675, fol. Pervagatissima haec editio Coloniensis innumerabilibus scatet mendis, lacunis mutilisque periodis.
The Parisian exemplar issued in the year 1636 is reproduced in its entirety by the edition which appeared at Cologne, or rather Wittenberg, by Jeremias Schrey and Heinrich Johann Meyer in the year 1686, in folio, three tomes in one volume. It is enlarged beyond the earlier ones by the commentary of Christian Kortholt, professor at Kiel, on Justin, Athenagoras, Theophilus of Antioch, and Tatian, first published separately at Kiel in the year 1675, in folio. This very widespread Cologne edition abounds with innumerable faults, lacunae, and mutilated periods.
Et haec quidem de iis Justinianorum operum editionibus, quae lectionem Stephanianam secutae sunt.
And so much indeed concerning those editions of the works of Justin which followed Estienne's reading.
Novam recensionem exhibet splendida editio Benedictina, etc.
A new recension is presented by the splendid Benedictine edition, etc.
Maraniana editio, paginis paulisper mutatis, est repetita Venetiis apud Augustin. Savioli, a. 1747, fol. maj. Sed permulti hoc in libro inveniuntur errores typographici. Ad idem illud exemplar recusa sunt Opera Graece et Latine in Opp. Patrum Graecorum (cura Frid. Oberthür), vol. I-III, Wirceburgi ex officina libraria Staheliana, 1777-1779, 8, ita quidem, ut vol. I Orationem ad Graecos, Cohortationem ad Graecos, Librum de monarchia, Utramque apologiam; vol. II, Dialogum cum Tryphone, et vol. III, p. 2-23, Epistolam ad Diognetum contineat.
Maran's edition, with the pagination slightly altered, was repeated at Venice by Agostino Savioli, in the year 1747, in large folio. But very many typographical errors are found in this book. After that same exemplar the Works in Greek and Latin were reprinted in the Works of the Greek Fathers (under the care of Franz Oberthür), vols. I-III, at Würzburg from the Stahel bookshop, 1777-1779, in octavo, in such a way indeed that vol. I contains the Address to the Greeks, the Exhortation to the Greeks, the Book on Monarchy, and Both Apologies; vol. II, the Dialogue with Trypho; and vol. III, pp. 2-23, the Epistle to Diognetus.
Ex illo Marani tempore per centum annos Justinus noster caruit novo editore. Fuere tantum, qui, ut ante illud tempus a nonnullis factum est, sic et postea singulos ederent ejus libros vel junctim plures
From that time of Maran for a hundred years our Justin lacked a new editor. There were only those who, just as had been done by some before that time, so also afterwards edited single books of his or jointly several
Editors' notes and page, col. 208
Footnotes
(3) ‹anchor: vel potius Vitebergæ› · call in col 208
Vide Wilh. Ern. Tentzel, Miscellann. eccles. (Lips. 1703, 4), p. I, p. 165.
See Wilhelm Ernst Tentzel, Miscellanea ecclesiastica (Leipzig 1703, quarto), part I, p. 165.
(printed under page 110)
(4) ‹anchor: editio Benedictina, etc.› · call in col 208
Recensionem editionis Benedictinæ, quæ in nostra reviviscit, omittimus. EDIT. PATR.
We omit the review of the Benedictine edition, which lives again in ours. EDITORS OF THE PATROLOGIA.
(printed under page 110)
Page
- running head: PHILOSOPHUS ET MARTYR. 208
- marginal letters: A Haec Sylburgii editio; B Ἠνίδ' Ἰουστίνου διττοῖς; C sis, in Justinum; D cusa sunt Opera
- old-edition numerals: (none)
- other: Latin only, no Greek printed; editors' matter: Haec Sylburgii editio; last word plu- split across column break to col. 209
ex omnibus selectos. Quos editores nunc recenseamus.
selected from them all. Let us now review these editors.
S. Justini phil. et mart. Apologia prima pro Christianis ad Antoninum Pium, cum Latina Joannis Langi versione quamplurimis in locis correcta; subjunctis emendationibus et notis Roberti et Henrici Stephanorum, Perionii, Billii, Sylburgii, Scaligeri, Halloixii, Casauboni, Montacutii, Grotii, Salmasii, Valesii, Cotelerii, pluribusque novis additis; annexis insuper ad calcem adnotationibus Langi et Kortholti, praemissa vero Langi praefatione, qua summam hujus apologiae enarravit; edita a Joanne Ernesto Grabe, Oxoniae, e theatro Sheldoniano a. Dom. 1700, 8. Prostant venales apud Henr. Clements. Alter titulus : Τοῦ ἁγίου Ἰουστίνου Ἀπολογία πρώτη ὑπὲρ Χριστιανῶν πρὸς Ἀντωνῖνον τὸν Εὐσεβῆ. Ἐκ θεάτρου ἐν Ὀξονίᾳ, ἔτει θεογονίας ,αψʹ. In praefatione dolet vir ille clarissimus, mstos praesto non fuisse codices, quorum paucissima supersint exemplaria. Quapropter textum Stephanianum curavit exprimendum; ipse ad scriptoris intelligentiam pro viribus contulit. — Nonnullas observationes ad hanc editionem dedit J. Alb. Fabricius in Bibliotheca Graeca, cur. Harles. vol. VII (Hamb. 1801, 4), p. 59 sq.
The First Apology of Saint Justin, Philosopher and Martyr, on behalf of the Christians to Antoninus Pius, with the Latin version of Johann Lange corrected in very many places; with the emendations and notes of Robert and Henri Estienne, Périon, Billy, Sylburg, Scaliger, Halloix, Casaubon, Montagu, Grotius, Salmasius, Valois, and Cotelier subjoined, and several new ones added; with the annotations of Lange and Kortholt annexed in addition at the end, and prefixed by Lange's preface, in which he set forth the summary of this apology; edited by Johann Ernst Grabe, at Oxford, from the Sheldonian Theatre in the year of the Lord 1700, in octavo. Sold by Henry Clements. The second title: First Apology of Saint Justin on behalf of the Christians to Antoninus Pius. From the Theatre in Oxford, in the year of the Nativity of God 1700. In the preface that most distinguished man laments that manuscript codices were not at hand, of which very few copies survive. Wherefore he had Estienne's text printed; he himself contributed according to his strength to the understanding of the writer. — Johann Albert Fabricius gave some observations on this edition in his Greek Library, edited by Harles, vol. VII (Hamburg, 1801, quarto), p. 59 ff.
Ad editionem Grabianam in omnibus conformata est haecce : S. Justini phil. et mart. Apologia secunda pro Christianis, Oratio cohortatoria, Oratio ad Graecos et de monarchia liber : cum Latina J. Langi versione quamplurimis in locis correcta; subjunctis emendationibus et notis Roberti et Henrici Stephanorum, Perionii, Billii, Sylburgii, J. Ern. Grabii, J. Potteri, pluribusque aliis additis; annexis insuper ad calcem adnotationibus Langi et Kortholti, praemissis vero Langi praefationibus, quibus summam eorum, quae in hoc volumine continentur, enarravit : edita ab H. Hutchin, A. M. ex aede Christi. Oxoniae, e theatro Sheldon. 1703, 8. Alter titulus : Τοῦ ἁγίου Ἰουστίνου Ἀπολογία δευτέρα ὑπὲρ Χριστιανῶν, Λόγος παραινετικὸς πρὸς Ἕλληνας, Λόγος πρὸς Ἕλληνας, Περὶ μοναρχίας. Ἐκ θεάτρου ἐν Ὀξονίᾳ, ἔτει θεογονίας ,αψγʹ. Impensis Tho. Bennet, ad insigne Lunae Falcatae in Coemeterio D. Pauli, Londini. Plurima ad hunc librum contulit Grabius, editor suo Marte pauca dedit. Ad Paraenesin, ut in praefatione refert, duo bibliothecae Regiae Parisiensis codices msti (hodie, ut accurate inquirendo cognovi, num. 451 et 174 insigniti; illum vocat ms. Reg. 1, hunc designat verbis ms. Reg. 2) lectiones praebuerunt, quas Michael Lequien transmiserat Thomae Creech, editionem Justini martyris paranti : post cujus mortem cum in manus Roberti Bartholomaei, collegii Lincolniensis socii, venissent, easdem ille cum Hutchino communicavit. Hic vero tantum aberat, ut codicum antiquissimorum lectiones ad textum adhiberet emendandum, ut in adnotationem eas relegaret.
Conformed in all respects to Grabe's edition is this one: The Second Apology of Saint Justin, Philosopher and Martyr, on behalf of the Christians, Hortatory Address, Address to the Greeks, and Book on Monarchy: with the Latin version of Johann Lange corrected in very many places; with the emendations and notes of Robert and Henri Estienne, Périon, Billy, Sylburg, Johann Ernst Grabe, and John Potter subjoined, and several others added; with the annotations of Lange and Kortholt annexed in addition at the end, and prefixed by Lange's prefaces, in which he set forth the summary of the things contained in this volume: edited by Hugh Hutchin, Master of Arts of Christ Church. At Oxford, from the Sheldonian Theatre, 1703, in octavo. The second title: Second Apology of Saint Justin on behalf of the Christians, Hortatory Address to the Greeks, Address to the Greeks, On Monarchy. From the Theatre in Oxford, in the year of the Nativity of God 1703. At the expense of Thomas Bennet, at the sign of the Half Moon in St Paul's Churchyard, London. Grabe contributed very much to this book; the editor gave little by his own effort. For the Exhortation, as he reports in the preface, two manuscript codices of the Royal Library of Paris (today, as I have learned by careful inquiry, marked with nos. 451 and 174; the former he calls ms. Reg. 1, the latter he designates with the words ms. Reg. 2) furnished readings which Michel Le Quien had transmitted to Thomas Creech, who was preparing an edition of Justin Martyr: after whose death, when they had come into the hands of Robert Bartholomew, Fellow of Lincoln College, he shared the same with Hutchin. He, however, was so far from applying the readings of the most ancient codices to emending the text that he relegated them to the annotation.
Editors' notes and page, col. 209
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Justini operibus Oxoniae prelo commissis haec quoque editio conformis est : S. Justini phil. et mart. cum Tryphone Judaeo Dialogus, cum Latina Joannis Langi versione quamplurimis in locis correcta; subjunctis emendationibus et notis Roberti Stephani, Perionii, Sylburgii, Halloixii, Montacutii, Drusii, Colomesii, Cavii, Bulli, Grabii, pluribusque novis additis; annexis insuper ad calcem adnotationibus Langi et Kortholti; praemissis vero Langi praefatione, qua summam hujus Dialogi enarravit, Actisque martyrii S. Justini et sociorum. Edita a Samuele Jebb. Londini : impensis Gul. et Joh. Innys, bibliopolarum Londinensium. 1719, 8. Vir doctus in edendo hoc Dialogo Grabii et Hutchini viam ingressus est; in eo tantum ab illis differt, quod paucissimas notas easque fere semper ex Sylburgio depromptas adjecit. In praefatione de tempore quo dialogus habitus sit, breviter disserit, in calcem vero (p. 405 sqq.) fragmenta deperditorum ex Grabii Spicilegio SS. Patrum saeculi secundi (Oxon. 1700, 8), p. 171 sqq. transtulit, omisso tamen fragmento de resurrectione.
Conformed to the works of Justin committed to the press at Oxford is this edition also: The Dialogue of Saint Justin, Philosopher and Martyr, with Trypho the Jew, with the Latin version of Johann Lange corrected in very many places; with the emendations and notes of Robert Estienne, Périon, Sylburg, Halloix, Montagu, Drusius, Colomiès, Cave, Bull, and Grabe subjoined, and several new ones added; with the annotations of Lange and Kortholt annexed in addition at the end; and prefixed by Lange's preface, in which he set forth the summary of this Dialogue, and the Acts of the Martyrdom of Saint Justin and his companions. Edited by Samuel Jebb. London: at the expense of William and John Innys, London booksellers, 1719, in octavo. The learned man in editing this Dialogue entered upon the path of Grabe and Hutchin; he differs from them only in this, that he added very few notes and those almost always drawn from Sylburg. In the preface he briefly discusses the time at which the dialogue was held, and to the end (p. 405 ff.) he transferred the fragments of the lost works from Grabe's Spicilegium of the Holy Fathers of the Second Century (Oxford, 1700, octavo), p. 171 ff., omitting however the fragment on the resurrection.
Novo posthac vestitu prodierunt Justini phil. et mart. Apologiae duae et Dialogus cum Tryphone Judaeo. Cum notis et emendationibus Styani Thirlbii. Londini, impensis Richardi Sare, juxta portam australem Hospitii Greiani, in vico dicto Holbourn. 1722, fol. maj. Ut ipsissima illius verba huc reducam : « Codices mss. — inquit in praefatione — horum scriptorum Justini in Anglia nulli sunt, neque alibi gentium usquam, quod quidem sciam, praeterquam in Gallia, ubi duo sunt, quorum utriusque accuratam collationem mihi desponderam; alioqui nunquam sane huic operi manum admovissem. Verum accidit, duorum doctissimorum hominum, quorum opera ad eam rem usurus eram, alterius immatura morte, alterius temporis angustiis, ut nihil obtineri posset amplius, quam ut loci quidam selecti cum uno eorum conferrentur. In quo ipso hoc insuper accessit infortunii, ut is unus (quo casu vel errore nescio, nisi agnosco fortunam meam) ille esset, unde Roberti Stephani editio expressa est, ut minime mirum sit, si ista collatio non ita multum nobis profuit. Destituti itaque sperato codicum auxilio, editionem Stephani summa fide et diligentia exhibendam duximus. » Addidit vir doctus versionem Joann. Langi, sed multum mutatam. Magnum porro laborem impendit in conferendis locis Scripturae cum editionibus Bibliorum et Patribus. Praeterea textui subjunxit aliorum notas, adnexis insuper ad calcem adnotationibus Pearsoni et Joann. Davisii; illae Pearsonianae nunc primum ex bibliotheca regia Cantabrigiensi prodierunt, hae (in Apologiam primam) a Davisio erant ultro missae, simul ut ederentur. Thirlbius autem, caeteros editores Justini Anglicanos supereminens,
Thereafter in new attire appeared The Two Apologies and Dialogue with Trypho the Jew of Justin, Philosopher and Martyr. With the notes and emendations of Styan Thirlby. London, at the expense of Richard Sare, near the south gate of Gray's Inn, in the street called Holborn, 1722, in large folio. To bring back his very own words here: "Manuscript codices," he says in the preface, "of these writings of Justin there are none in England, nor anywhere else in the world, so far indeed as I know, except in France, where there are two, an accurate collation of both of which I had promised myself; otherwise I would certainly never have put my hand to this work. But it happened, through the untimely death of one of the two most learned men whose assistance I was going to use for that purpose, and the straits of time of the other, that nothing more could be obtained than that certain selected passages should be collated with one of them. In which very matter there was added this further misfortune, that that one (by what chance or error I know not, unless I recognize my own fortune) was the one from which Robert Estienne's edition was printed, so that it is not at all surprising if that collation did not profit us so very much. Deprived therefore of the hoped-for aid of codices, we thought Estienne's edition should be presented with the utmost fidelity and diligence." The learned man added the version of Johann Lange, but much altered. Furthermore, he expended great labour in comparing the passages of Scripture with editions of the Bible and with the Fathers. Moreover, he subjoined the notes of others to the text, annexing in addition at the end the annotations of Pearson and John Davies; those of Pearson now came forth for the first time from the Royal Library at Cambridge, while these (on the First Apology) had been voluntarily sent by Davies so that they might be published at the same time. Thirlby, however, towering above the other English editors of Justin,
Editors' notes and page, col. 210
Footnotes
(5-6) ‹anchor: nobis profuit› · call in col 210 Codex ille mstus, quem V. D. consulendum curavit, fuit Claromontanus, Regio a Stephano typis descripto consimillimus.
That manuscript, which the learned man had consulted, was the Clermont codex, very closely alike to the Royal codex that Stephanus put into print.
(printed under page 111)
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in sua editione multa praeclara praestitit doctrinaeque haud vulgaris prodidit documenta; qui etsi nullis instructus codicibus mstis ad rem accessit, tamen ingeniose interdum emendavit sustulitque vitia exempli Stephaniani : sed nimia sanandi cupiditate adductus, saepenumero etiam locos integros tentavit, quos, anteaquam sanos esse eos intellexit, veluti corruptos ausus sit emendare. Controversias vero theologicas optimo jure nuspiam attigit. Sunt teste Harlesio in Fabricii Biblioth. Gr., l. c., p. 58, qui sub Thirlbii nomine Marklandum, philologum celeberrimum, putent latuisse. — Animadversiones in Justini mart. Apologiam I, et Dialogum c. Tryph. ex editione Thirlbiana dat anonymus scriptor in Miscellann. observationn. in auctores veteres et recentiores vol. I, tom. III (Amstelaedami 1732, 8), p. 363 sqq. Coll. T. Row : Critique on Thirlby's Justin martyr in : Gentleman's Magazine for the year 1783, m. sept., p. 750 sqq.
accomplished many splendid things in his edition and gave proofs of no common learning; and although he approached the task equipped with no manuscript codices, he nevertheless at times ingeniously emended and removed the faults of Estienne's exemplar: yet led on by an excessive desire of healing, oftentimes he also tampered with sound passages, which, before he understood that they were sound, he ventured to emend as though corrupt. Theological controversies, however, with the best right he nowhere touched upon. There are some, according to the testimony of Harles in Fabricius's Greek Library, loc. cit., p. 58, who think that under Thirlby's name Markland, the most celebrated philologist, lay hidden. — Strictures on Justin Martyr's First Apology and Dialogue with Trypho from Thirlby's edition are given by an anonymous writer in Miscellaneous Observations on Ancient and Modern Authors, vol. I, tome III (Amsterdam, 1732, octavo), p. 363 ff. Compare T. Row: Critique on Thirlby's Justin Martyr in: Gentleman's Magazine for the year 1783, month of September, p. 750 ff.
In Andreae Gallandii Bibliotheca veterum Patrum antiquorumque scriptorum ecclesiasticorum continet tom. I (Venetiis 1765, fol. maj.; ex typographia J. Bapt. Albritii Hieron. fil.), p. 411 sqq., Justini Apologias, Dialogum et Fragmenta Graece et Latine cum Marani adnotationibus, quibus doctus ille presbyter congregationis Oratorii paucas alias, praesertim Thirlbianas, aspersit.
In Andrea Gallandi's Library of the Ancient Fathers and Early Ecclesiastical Writers, tome I (Venice, 1765, large folio; from the printing house of Giambattista Albrizzi, son of Girolamo), p. 411 ff., contains Justin's Apologies, Dialogue, and Fragments in Greek and Latin with Maran's annotations, among which that learned priest of the Congregation of the Oratory sprinkled a few others, especially Thirlby's.
Commodae sunt et compendiariae Apologiarum editiones haecce :
Convenient and compendious editions of the Apologies are the following:
S. Justini mart. Apologiae e recensione Grabiana, var. lect. et conjecturas VV. DD. et suas addidit Christianus Guil. Thalemannus, A. M. et s. theol. Baccal. Lipsiae apud J. Chr. Langenhemium 1755, 8. In lectionum usum hanc editionem curavit; quare notas praebuit paucissimas. « Grabianum exemplar propterea praeplacebat, quod in minores sectiones erat divisum atque adeo lectionibus magis accommodatum. Visum autem est nudum textum Graecum sine versione exhibere, tum ut parabilius opusculum esset, tum ut diligentia acueretur atque excitaretur iis, qui lectioni et explicationi ejus vellent interesse. » Praefixit argumenta utriusque Apologiae, ex editione monachi Benedictini deprompta, brevemque vocum et phrasium indicem addidit. Perraro V. D. discessit a lectione vulgata.
The Apologies of Saint Justin Martyr from Grabe's Recension, to which Christian Wilhelm Thalemann, Master of Arts and Bachelor of Sacred Theology, added the variant readings and conjectures of learned men and his own, Leipzig, by Johann Christian Langenheim, 1755, in octavo. He prepared this edition for the use of lectures; wherefore he furnished very few notes. "Grabe's exemplar was preferred for this reason, that it was divided into smaller sections and thus better suited to lectures. Moreover, it seemed best to present the bare Greek text without a version, both so that the little work might be more easily obtainable and so that diligence might be sharpened and aroused in those who wished to take part in its reading and explanation." He prefixed the arguments of both Apologies, drawn from the edition of the Benedictine monk, and added a brief index of words and phrases. Very rarely did the learned man depart from the received reading.
S. Justini phil. et mart. Apologiae duae pro Christianis. Graece et Latine, interpretationem Lat. ad Graeca aptius accommodavit et adnotationes adjecit Carolus Ashton. Cantabrig. 1768, 8. Hanc vero editionem prorsus non licuit asciscere; quocirca non habeo, quae de ea referam.
The Two Apologies of Saint Justin, Philosopher and Martyr, on behalf of the Christians. In Greek and Latin; Charles Ashton adapted the Latin translation more aptly to the Greek and added annotations. Cambridge, 1768, in octavo. This edition, however, I was altogether unable to procure; wherefore I have nothing to report concerning it.
Justinus des Märtyrers zweite Apologie und Beweis der Alleinherrschaft Gottes. Griech. u. teutsch mit erläuternden Anmerkungen. Nebst einem Anhange über das Leben, die Schriften und Lehren dieses Kirchenvaters für junge Freunde der Theologie von Joh. Adam Göz, Conrektor der Sebalder Schule zu Nürnberg. Nürnb. u. Altdorf bei J. C. Monath u. J. F. Kussler 1796, 8. Refert (Praefat. p. IV sq.),
Justin the Martyr's Second Apology and Proof of the Sole Rule of God. Greek and German with explanatory notes. Together with an appendix on the life, writings, and teachings of this Church Father for young friends of theology by Johann Adam Göz, vice-principal of St Sebald's School at Nuremberg. Nuremberg and Altdorf, by J. C. Monath and J. F. Kussler, 1796, in octavo. He reports (Preface, p. IV ff.),
Editors' notes and page, col. 211
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se in exscribendo Apologiae II textu Thirlbianam editionem, Stephanianam in libro De monarchia secutum esse. Quod autem ad Apologiam attinet, nonnullas recepit Thirlbii et Marani conjecturas
that in transcribing the text of the Second Apology he followed Thirlby's edition, and Estienne's in the book On Monarchy. As regards the Apology, however, he adopted some conjectures of Thirlby and Maran.
S. Justini mart. et phil. Apologiae. Edidit J. Wil. Jos. Braunius, in univers. Fridericia Wilhelmia Rhenana professor publicus extraordinarius, s. theologiae et philos. D. In usum praelectionum. Bonnae ad Rhenum, impensis T. Habichti. 1830, 8. Eruditae hujus editionis textus ad Marani exemplum expressus est; adjectae sunt Braunii aliorumque animadversiones, lectionum varietas et index rerum, praemissa vero Prud. Marani summaria. — Haec potissimum editio respicitur in Animadversionibus in primam S. Justini M. Apologiam, quas J. Ign. Ritter, novi rectoris solemnem inaugurationem indicens, Vratislaviae typis Universitatis 1836, 4, publici juris fecit.
The Apologies of Saint Justin, Martyr and Philosopher. Edited by Johann Wilhelm Joseph Braun, extraordinary public professor in the Rhenish Friedrich-Wilhelm University, Doctor of Sacred Theology and Philosophy. For the use of lectures. Bonn on the Rhine, at the expense of T. Habicht, 1830, in octavo. The text of this learned edition was printed after Maran's exemplar; added are the strictures of Braun and others, the variety of readings, and an index of subjects, while Prudentius Maran's summaries are prefixed. — This edition above all is had in view in the Strictures on the First Apology of Saint Justin Martyr, which Joseph Ignaz Ritter, announcing the solemn inauguration of the new rector, published at Breslau in the types of the University, 1836, in quarto.
Haec de editionibus dicta sunto. Liceat jam nonnulla addere de Epistola ad Diognetum, de prolixo Περὶ ἀναστάσεως fragmento et de Martyrologio (i. e. de Actis martyrii) Justini.
Let so much be said concerning the editions. Let it now be permitted to add a few remarks about the Epistle to Diognetus, the lengthy fragment On the Resurrection, and the Martyrology (that is, on the Acts of the Martyrdom) of Justin.
Epistola ad Diognetum ex Marani editione in Bibliothecam Gallandianam tom. I, p. 320 sqq. transiit, nec non exstat brevi adnotatione instructa in Opuscc. Patrum selectt. [edid. Georg. Bohl] p. I (Berolini 1826, 8, venditur ab E. Franclino), p. 124 sqq. atque in Patrum apostolicorum Opp., edidit Carolus Josephus Hefele, theologiae doctor ejusdemque in acad. Tubing. P. P. extr. (Tubingae in bibliopolio Henr. Laupp 1839, 8), p. 125 sqq.
The Epistle to Diognetus passed from Maran's edition into Gallandi's Library, tome I, p. 320 ff., and is also extant equipped with a brief annotation in Selected Opuscula of the Fathers [edited by Georg Bohl], part I (Berlin, 1826, octavo, sold by E. Franklin), p. 124 ff., and in the Works of the Apostolic Fathers, edited by Karl Joseph Hefele, Doctor of Theology and extraordinary public professor of the same in the University of Tübingen (Tübingen, in the bookshop of Heinrich Laupp, 1839, octavo), p. 125 ff.
De resurrectione carnis fragmentum, a S. Joanne Damasceno in Parallelis sacris servatum, primum Latine lucem vidit in Damasceni Operibus ex editione Jacobi Billii Parisiis a. 1619, fol. Haud ita multo post Petrus Halloixius in S. Justini phil. et mart. Vita et documentis (Duaci 1622, fol.), rec. in Illustrium Ecclesiae Orientalis scriptorum, qui sanctitate juxta et eruditione secundo Christi saeculo floruerunt, vitis et documentis (ibid. ex officina typographica Petri Bogardi 1636, fol.), p. 299 sqq., ex Parallelorum codice msto, quem cardinalis Franciscus Rupefucaldus bibliothecae collegii Parisiensis Societatis Jesu dono dederat, fragmentum illud Graece cum Latina versione typis describendum curavit. — Proxime ab hoc repetiit J. Ern. Grabius in Spicilegio SS. Patrum saeculi II (Oxon. 1700, 8), p. 177 sqq. Inde ex illo codice Rupefucaldino Graece ac Latine edidit inter caetera Parallela Michaelis Lequien : Joannis Damasc. Opp., tom. II (Paris. 1712, fol.), p. 756 sqq. Graece et Anglice notisque evulgavit Dav. Humphreys (A curious Fragment of Justin Martyr on the Resurrection, not published in his Works, with the original Greek, done into English, with Notes) una cum versione sua Athenagorae. Londini 1714, 8. In editione Benedictina legitur in Append., p. II, p. 588 sqq. Usui fuit Marano, ut ipse p. 588, not. b, dicit,
The fragment On the Resurrection of the Flesh, preserved by Saint John of Damascus in his Sacred Parallels, first saw the light in Latin in the Works of John of Damascus from the edition of Jacques de Billy at Paris in the year 1619, in folio. Not so very long afterwards Pierre Halloix, in the Life and Documents of Saint Justin, Philosopher and Martyr (Douai, 1622, folio), reprinted in the Lives and Documents of the Illustrious Writers of the Eastern Church who Flourished equally in Holiness and Erudition in the Second Century of Christ (ibid., from the printing house of Pierre Bogard, 1636, folio), p. 299 ff., had that fragment transcribed in type in Greek with a Latin version from a manuscript codex of the Parallels which Cardinal François de La Rochefoucauld had given as a gift to the library of the Parisian College of the Society of Jesus. — Next after him Johann Ernst Grabe repeated it in his Spicilegium of the Holy Fathers of the Second Century (Oxford, 1700, octavo), p. 177 ff. Thence from that La Rochefoucauld codex Michel Le Quien edited it in Greek and Latin among the other Parallels: Works of John of Damascus, tome II (Paris, 1712, folio), p. 756 ff. David Humphreys published it in Greek and English with notes (A curious Fragment of Justin Martyr on the Resurrection, not published in his Works, with the original Greek, done into English, with Notes) together with his translation of Athenagoras, London, 1714, in octavo. In the Benedictine edition it is read in the Appendix, part II, p. 588 ff. Of use to Maran, as he himself says on p. 588, note b,
Editors' notes and page, col. 212
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« antiquissimus codex Coislinianus, » nisi egregie fallor, numero 276 insignitus : is est membranaceus, decimi saeculi circiter, foliorum 278; fuit Laurae S. Athanasii in monte Atho, in catechumenis ibi repositus per Sophronium monachum, ut dicitur fol. 271 verso. Cf. Bernardus de Montfaucon : Bibliotheca Coisliniana, olim Segueriana, sive mss. omnium Graecorum, quae in ea continentur, accurata descriptio, etc. (Parisiis 1715, fol.), p. 389 sq. Separatim cum versione Latina prodiit : Justini Mart. ἀπόδειξις resurrectionis carnis. Fragmentum in solemnitate paschali a. C. 1766 editum cum observationibus historico-criticis a Guil. Abrah. Teller. Helmstadii in typograph. acad. vid. Schnorriae; apud J. D. G. Schnorrium. Textum Maranianum dedit, Grabianum in tribus aut quatuor tantum retinens locis. Denique duntaxat Graece invenitur illud fragmentum in : Chrestomathia patristica ad usus eorum qui historiam dogmatum Christianorum accuratius discere cupiunt adornata a J. Christ. Guil. Augusti. Vol. I (Lips. apud J. Theoph. Dykium 1812, 8), p. 3 sqq.
was "a most ancient Coislinian codex," unless I am greatly mistaken, marked with the number 276: it is of parchment, of about the tenth century, of 278 folios; it belonged to the Lavra of Saint Athanasius on Mount Athos, deposited in the catechumena there by the monk Sophronius, as is stated on folio 271 verso. Compare Bernard de Montfaucon: The Coislinian Library, formerly the Séguierian, or an Accurate Description of All the Greek Manuscripts Contained in It, etc. (Paris, 1715, folio), p. 389 f. Separately with a Latin version appeared: Justin Martyr's Proof of the Resurrection of the Flesh. A Fragment published at the Easter Festival in the year of Christ 1766 with historico-critical observations by Wilhelm Abraham Teller, Helmstedt, in the academic printing house of the widow Schnorr; by J. D. G. Schnorr. He gave Maran's text, retaining Grabe's in only three or four places. Finally, that fragment is found in Greek alone in: Patristic Chrestomathy Prepared for the Use of Those Who Wish to Learn More Accurately the History of Christian Dogmas by Johann Christian Wilhelm Augusti, vol. I (Leipzig, by Johann Theophil Dyk, 1812, octavo), p. 3 ff.
Acta martyrii Justini et sociorum ex Latina cardinalis Guilielmi Sirleti interpretatione primus ad diem 12 Junii evulgavit Aloys. Lipomanus in Vitt. Sanctt. Patrum, tom. VII, p. II (Rom. 1558, 4), p. 184; editor Vitas omnes, quae illius tomi parte II continentur, refert per Simeonem Metaphrasten partim descriptas, partim collectas in monasterio Cryptae Ferratae (7) inventas fuisse. Sirletiana Actorum Justinianorum versio posthac repetita est in Laur. Surii Sanctorum vitis ad diem 12 Junii jam supra memoratum, quo die illa habet Metaphrastes (Colon. Agripp. 1618, fol.), p. 182 sq., in Caes. Baronii Annalibus ecclesiasticis, ad ann. 165, tom. II (edit. noviss. Colon. Agr. 1685, fol.), p. 165 sqq., et liberius in Petri Halloixii S. Justini phil. et mart. vita et documentis, l. c., p. 181 sqq. Ex illo autem Cryptae Ferratae msto codice beneficio Emmanuelis Schellstratii, bibliothecae istius praefecti, Acta passionis Justini ad Kalend. Jun. Graece, cum adnotationibus primus edidit Dan. Papebrochius in Actis sanctorum Junii, illustr. a God. Henschenio, Dan. Papebrochio, Franc. Baertio et Conr. Janningo, tom. I (Antwerp. 1695, fol.), p. 20 sq., ista translatione Sirletiana e regione posita. Quam, in paucis diversam, etiam Theodoricus Ruinartus in sua Acta primorum martyrum sincera et selecta (Amstelaed. 1713, fol.), p. 58 sqq. intulit. Ex Baronii Annalibus desumpsit ac Dialogo cum Tryphone, Londini a. 1719 edito praemisit Sam. Jebb. In editione Benedictina exstant in Append., p. II, p. 585 sqq. « Haec Acta — ait Maranus, p. 584 — non nunc primum Graece prodeunt, sed tamen accurate eruditi sodalis manu, domini Petri Maloët, congregationis nostrae in curia Romana olim procuratoris, e codice Vaticano 655 fuere descripta. » Est haud dubie idem ille codex mstus, qui in bibliotheca Cryptae Ferratae quondam servabatur (8). Ex editione Benedictina transiit martyrium in Andr. Gallandii Bibliothecam vett. Patrum, etc., tom. I, p. 624 sqq. Optime vero illud edidit Alexius Symmachus Mazochius : Commentar. in vetus marmoreum Neapolitanae ecclesiae Kalendarium (Neapol. 1763), tom. II, p. 443 sqq. (rec. in Gallandii Biblioth., l. c., p. 711 sqq.). Hic Graecum Bollandianorum exemplar, unde etiam J. A. Göz (Justin. d. Märt. zweite Apol., etc., p. 143 sqq.) textum repetiit, versionem adjiciens germanicam, secutus, vetus (Sirleti) interpretatio cum plerumque sententias venetur magis quam verba, novam castiorem ac simpliciorem interpretationem exhibuit, quam in perpaucis tantum mutatam nos quoque transtulimus; praeterea martyrium prolixis notis et disquisitionibus illustrare conatus est.
The Acts of the Martyrdom of Justin and his companions, from the Latin translation of Cardinal Guglielmo Sirleto, were first published at the twelfth day of June by Alvise Lippomano in the Lives of the Holy Fathers, tome VII, part II (Rome, 1558, quarto), p. 184; the editor reports that all the Lives which are contained in part II of that tome, partly transcribed and partly collected by Simeon Metaphrastes, were found in the monastery of Grottaferrata. Sirleto's version of the Acts of Justin was thereafter repeated in Laurentius Surius's Lives of the Saints at the twelfth day of June already mentioned above, on which day Metaphrastes has them (Cologne, 1618, folio), p. 182 f., in Caesar Baronius's Ecclesiastical Annals, at the year 165, tome II (newest edition, Cologne, 1685, folio), p. 165 ff., and more freely in Pierre Halloix's Life and Documents of Saint Justin, Philosopher and Martyr, loc. cit., p. 181 ff. From that manuscript codex of Grottaferrata, however, through the kindness of Emmanuel Schelstrate, prefect of that library, Daniel Papebroch first edited in Greek the Acts of the Passion of Justin at the Kalends of June, with annotations, in the Acts of the Saints of June, illustrated by Godefroid Henschen, Daniel Papebroch, François Baert, and Conrad Janning, tome I (Antwerp, 1695, folio), p. 20 f., with that translation of Sirleto placed opposite. This version, differing in a few points, Thierry Ruinart also introduced into his Sincere and Select Acts of the First Martyrs (Amsterdam, 1713, folio), p. 58 ff. Samuel Jebb took it from Baronius's Annals and prefixed it to the Dialogue with Trypho published at London in the year 1719. In the Benedictine edition they are extant in the Appendix, part II, p. 585 ff. "These Acts," says Maran, p. 584, "do not now appear in Greek for the first time, yet they were accurately transcribed from Vatican codex 655 by the hand of a learned confrère, Dom Pierre Maloët, formerly procurator of our congregation in the Roman Curia." It is without doubt that same manuscript codex which was formerly preserved in the library of Grottaferrata. From the Benedictine edition the martyrdom passed into Andrea Gallandi's Library of the Ancient Fathers, etc., tome I, p. 624 ff. Best of all, however, Alessio Simmaco Mazzocchi edited it: Commentary on the Ancient Marble Calendar of the Church of Naples (Naples, 1763), tome II, p. 443 ff. (reprinted in Gallandi's Library, loc. cit., p. 711 ff.). Following the Greek exemplar of the Bollandists, from which Johann Adam Göz (Justin the Martyr's Second Apology, etc., p. 143 ff.) also repeated the text while adding a German version, since the old translation (Sirleto's) mostly hunts after the thoughts rather than the words, he presented a new, chaster, and simpler translation, which, altered in very few points only, we too have taken over; moreover, he endeavoured to illustrate the martyrdom with lengthy notes and disquisitions.
Excerpta ex Justini scriptis sunt in J. F. Burgii Chrestomath. patrist. Graec., fasc. I (Vratisl. 1756, 8), p. 1 sqq.; plura, sed Latine, reperiuntur in Francisci Rous Mella Patrum, etc. (Lond. 1650, 8), p. 21 sqq.
Excerpts from Justin's writings are in Johann Friedrich Burg's Greek Patristic Chrestomathy, fascicle I (Breslau, 1756, octavo), p. 1 ff.; more, but in Latin, are found in Francis Rous's Honey of the Fathers, etc. (London, 1650, octavo), p. 21 ff.
II. — DE JUSTINI CODICIBUS IN ALIAS LINGUAS VERSIS.
II. — ON THE CODICES OF JUSTIN TRANSLATED INTO OTHER LANGUAGES.
Paulo post editionem Stephani principem, Graece nescientes ut Justinum adire possent, prodierunt Latinae operum Justinianorum interpretationes, auctoribus Joachimo Perionio, Benedictino Cormoeriacensi, qui observationes quoque ad textum illustrandum addidit, Lutetiae Paris. apud Jac. Dupuys 1554, fol., tom. II in 1 vol. (rec. in Biblioth. magna vett. Patrum, Colon. 1618, fol., tom. II, p. 1 sqq.); Sigismundo Gelenio, Bojemo, Basileae apud Hier. Frobenium 1555, fol., atque inde Parisiis
Shortly after Estienne's editio princeps, so that those ignorant of Greek might be able to approach Justin, there appeared Latin translations of the works of Justin, by the authors Joachim Périon, Benedictine of Cormery, who also added observations to illustrate the text, at Paris by Jacques Dupuys, 1554, in folio, two tomes in 1 volume (reprinted in the Great Library of the Ancient Fathers, Cologne, 1618, folio, tome II, p. 1 ff.); Sigismund Gelenius, a Bohemian, at Basel by Hieronymus Froben, 1555, in folio, and thence at Paris
Editors' notes and page, col. 213
Footnotes
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De hujus monasterii (ordinis S. Basilii) bibliotheca vid. Frider. Blume: Iter Italicum, tom. II (Hal. 1827, 8), p. 191 sqq.
On the library of this monastery (of the Order of St Basil) see Friedrich Blume, Iter Italicum, vol. II (Halle 1827, octavo), p. 191 ff.
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apud Guil. Julianum 1575, 8 (9), et Joanne Lango, Silesio, qui etiam commentarios indicesque adjecit, Basil. per Ambrosium et Aurelium, Frobenios fratres, 1565, fol., tom. III in 1 vol. (rec. sine commentt. in Max. Biblioth. vett. Patrum, Lugd. 1677, fol., tom. II, p. II, p. 5 sqq.). Haec versio, licet duobus caeteris, elegantibus magis quam accuratis, longe praestantior sit, tamen ipsa vitiis cujuslibet generis scatet; quorum haud pauca Langus evitasset, si Perionii et Gelenii elucubrationes
by Guillaume Julien, 1575, in octavo, and by Johann Lange, of Silesia, who also added commentaries and indices, at Basel by Ambrosius and Aurelius, the Froben brothers, 1565, in folio, three tomes in 1 volume (reprinted without the commentaries in the Maxima Bibliotheca veterum Patrum, Lyons, 1677, folio, tome II, part II, p. 5 ff.). This version, although it is far superior to the other two, which are more elegant than accurate, nevertheless itself abounds with faults of every kind; not a few of which Lange would have avoided, had he made use of the labours of Périon and Gelenius
Editors' notes and page, col. 214
Footnotes
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Cf. Fr. Blume l. c., tom. III (Hal. 1830, 8), p. 72.
Compare Fr. Blume, in the work cited, vol. III (Halle 1830, octavo), p. 72.
(printed under page 113)
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Huic editioni Parisiensi adjuncta est B. Hippolyti Oratio de consummatione mundi et Antichristo et secundo adventu Domini Jesu Christi, ex interpretatione Joannis Pici.
Added to this Paris edition is St Hippolytus's Oration on the end of the world, the Antichrist and the second coming of the Lord Jesus Christ, in the translation of Jean Picus.
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cum sua diligenter contulisset. Sed — ut narrat in epist. nuncupat. p. 26 — opus ante absolverat, quam illae in ipsius manus venerunt.
diligently compared with his own. But — as he relates in the dedicatory epistle, p. 26 — he had finished the work before those came into his hands.
Jam vero ante tres illos interpretes, textum Stephanianum secutos, Cohortationem ad Graecos Latine (ex antiquo quodam codice msto) vertit Joann. Francisc. Picus Mirandulanus; quae interpretatio edita est in Pici Opp.; Argentor. 1507, atque iterum Basil. 1601, fol., in Joann. Sichardi Antidoto contra diversas omnium fere saeculorum haereses, etc. (Basil. 1528, fol.), p. 112 sqq., in Μικροπρεσβυτικῷ vett. quorumdam theologorum (Basil. 1550, fol.), pag. 51 sqq., et in Joann. Jac. Grynaei Monumentis SS. Patrum orthodoxographis, h. e. theologiae sacrae ac fidei doctt. LXXXV, etc. (Basil. 1569, fol.), p. 1947 sqq. Separatim : Justini phil. et mart. admonitorius gentium liber, Latine, Joann. Francisc. Pico, Mirandulae domino, interprete, nunc denuo ad exemplar Graecum collatus et qua licuit fide recognitus. Parisiis in aedibus Carolae Guillardae. 1538, in-4°.
Already, however, before those three translators who followed Estienne's text, Gianfrancesco Pico della Mirandola translated the Exhortation to the Greeks into Latin (from a certain ancient manuscript codex); which translation was published in Pico's Works, Strasbourg, 1507, and again at Basel, 1601, in folio, in Johannes Sichard's Antidote against the Diverse Heresies of Almost All Centuries, etc. (Basel, 1528, folio), p. 112 ff., in the Mikropresbytikon of Certain Ancient Theologians (Basel, 1550, folio), page 51 ff., and in Johann Jakob Grynaeus's Orthodoxographa Monuments of the Holy Fathers, that is, Eighty-Five Doctors of Sacred Theology and Faith, etc. (Basel, 1569, folio), p. 1947 ff. Separately: The Admonitory Book to the Gentiles of Justin, Philosopher and Martyr, in Latin, translated by Gianfrancesco Pico, Lord of Mirandola, now collated anew with a Greek exemplar and revised with what fidelity was possible. At Paris in the house of Charlotte Guillard, 1538, in quarto.
Haec monenda erant de translationibus Latinis; praeterea exstant :
These things were to be noted concerning the Latin translations; besides these, there are extant:
Gallicae : Les OEuvres de saint Justin, philosophe et martyr, mises de grec en françois par Jean de Maumont, avec brièves annotations et emendations de faultes. A Paris, de l'imprimerie de Michel de Vascosan, 1554, fol. Haec interpretatio emendatior apud eumdem anno 1559 denuo excusa est.
French: The Works of Saint Justin, Philosopher and Martyr, turned from Greek into French by Jean de Maumont, with brief annotations and emendations of faults. At Paris, from the printing house of Michel de Vascosan, 1554, in folio. This translation, further emended, was printed anew by the same man in the year 1559.
Exhortation aux Grecs, traduite en françois par Martin Dupin. A Paris, 1580, in-8°.
Exhortation to the Greeks, translated into French by Martin Dupin. At Paris, 1580, in octavo.
Seconde Apologie de saint Justin pour les Chrétiens, traduite en françois par Pierre Fondet. A Paris, chez veuve Charl. Savreux, 1670, in-12. Sub illius nomine cum Chanutus delituisset, iterum haec interpretatio typis est anno 1686 descripta sub vero interpretis nomine.
Second Apology of Saint Justin on behalf of the Christians, translated into French by Pierre Fondet. At Paris, at the widow of Charles Savreux, 1670, in duodecimo. Since Chanut had lain hidden under that name, this translation was printed again in the year 1686 under the true name of the translator.
Epistre à Diognet, attribuée à saint Justin, dans laquelle l'auteur, sur les ruines de l'idololâtrie et du judaisme, établit les fondemens de la religion chrestienne; traduite de l'original grec [par P. Le Gras]. A Paris, chez Nic. Pierre Armand, 1725, in-12.
Epistle to Diognetus, attributed to Saint Justin, in which the author, upon the ruins of idolatry and Judaism, establishes the foundations of the Christian religion; translated from the Greek original [by Pierre Le Gras]. At Paris, at Nicolas Pierre Armand, 1725, in duodecimo.
Non tam integram versionem quam excerpta praebet hocce opus : Les Pères de l'Eglise, traduits en français, ouvrage publié par M. de Genoude et dédié à Monseigneur l'archevêque de Paris. Tom. I. (A Paris, chez Sapia, libraire-éditeur, rues de Sèvres, 16, et du Doyenné, 12, 1837, in-8°), p. 305 sqq.
Not so much a complete version as excerpts are furnished by this work: The Fathers of the Church, translated into French, a work published by M. de Genoude and dedicated to Monseigneur the Archbishop of Paris, tome I (At Paris, at Sapia, bookseller-publisher, Rues de Sèvres, 16, and du Doyenné, 12, 1837, in octavo), p. 305 ff.
Anglicae : The Apologies of Justin Martyr, Tertullian and Minucius Felix in defense of the christian religion, with the Commonitory of Vincentius Lirinensis, concerning the primitive rule of faith, translated from their originals with notes for the advantage chiefly of english readers and a preliminary discourse upon each author. Together with a prefatory
English: The Apologies of Justin Martyr, Tertullian and Minucius Felix in defense of the Christian religion, with the Commonitory of Vincentius Lirinensis, concerning the primitive rule of faith, translated from their originals with notes for the advantage chiefly of English readers and a preliminary discourse upon each author. Together with a prefatory
Editors' notes and page, col. 215
Footnotes
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Restant tantummodo hæc Pseudo-Justini scripta: Justini Epistola [ad Zenam et Serenum] de vita Christiana, Latine, in Claudii Chantelou, mon. Bened. Bibliotheca Patrum ascetica, etc. Tom. I (Paris. 1661, 4), p. 1 sqq., atque: S. Justini mart. Eversio falsorum Aristotelis dogmatum, Latine, Guil. Postello, in tenebrarum Babylonicarum dispulsionem interprete. Paris. apud Sebast. Nivellium 1552, 16.
There remain only these Pseudo-Justinian writings: Justin's Letter [to Zenas and Serenus] on the Christian life, in Latin, in Claude Chantelou, Benedictine monk, Bibliotheca Patrum ascetica, etc., vol. I (Paris 1661, quarto), p. 1 ff.; and St Justin Martyr's Overthrow of the false dogmas of Aristotle, in Latin, translated by Guillaume Postel for the dispelling of the Babylonian darkness, Paris, Sébastien Nivelle, 1552, sextodecimo.
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dissertation about the right use of the Fathers. By William Reever, M. A. Rector of Cranefort in Middlesex. London, printed for A. and J. Churchill at the Black-Swan in Pater-Noster-Row. 1710, in-8°. Voll. II. Eadem interpretatio ibid. a. 1716 recusa est.
dissertation about the right use of the Fathers. By William Reeves, M.A., Rector of Cranford in Middlesex. London, printed for A. and J. Churchill at the Black-Swan in Pater-Noster-Row, 1710, in octavo, 2 volumes. The same translation was reprinted there in the year 1716.
Justin Martyr's Dialogue with Trypho the Jew; translated from the greek into english, with notes, chiefly for the advantage of english readers, a preliminary dissertation and a short analysis. By H. Brown, M. A. Vicar of Ther-swell in Glocestershire. Rivington, 1755, in-8°. Voll. II.
Justin Martyr's Dialogue with Trypho the Jew; translated from the Greek into English, with notes, chiefly for the advantage of English readers, a preliminary dissertation and a short analysis. By H. Brown, M.A., Vicar of Ther-swell in Gloucestershire. Rivington, 1755, in octavo, 2 volumes.
St. Justin, the Philosopher and Martyr, his Exhortations to the gentiles; translated from the greek by the Rev. Thom. Moses. London, Hitch. 1757, in-8°
St. Justin, the Philosopher and Martyr, his Exhortations to the Gentiles; translated from the Greek by the Rev. Thomas Moses. London, Hitch, 1757, in octavo.
Germanicae : Das Buch Justini, eines Philosophi und Martyrs, an die Heiden. In welchem er ermanet, dieweil sy den waren Gotsdienst von irn Poeten und Philosophen nit lernen mögen, das sy Mosi, den Propheten und Christo glauben sollen, in : Chronica der alten Christlichen Kirchen auss Eusebio, Ruffino, Sozomeno, Theodoreto, Tertulliano, Justino, Cypriano und Plinio durch D. Caspar Hedio verteutscht (Strasb. 1529, fol.), p. CCXCIV b. sqq. Uti non Eusebium, sed Rufinum Germanice illustravit, sic in Cohortatione reddenda haud dubie Pici est interpretationem secutus.
German: The Book of Justin, a Philosopher and Martyr, to the Pagans. In which he exhorts that, since they cannot learn the true worship of God from their poets and philosophers, they should believe Moses, the prophets, and Christ, in: Chronicle of the Ancient Christian Church from Eusebius, Rufinus, Sozomen, Theodoret, Tertullian, Justin, Cyprian, and Pliny, translated into German by Dr Caspar Hedio (Strasbourg, 1529, folio), p. CCXCIV b ff. Just as he rendered into German not Eusebius, but Rufinus, so in translating the Exhortation he doubtless followed Pico's translation.
S. Justini zwey Briefe an Diognetum, Zenam una Serenum, verteutscht durch Joh. Otto Glüsing, in ejusdem : Briefe und Schriften der Apostol. Männer (Hamb. 1723, in-8°), p. 425 sqq.
Saint Justin's Two Epistles to Diognetus, Zenas and Serenus, translated into German by Johann Otto Glüsing, in the same author's: Epistles and Writings of the Apostolic Men (Hamburg, 1723, in octavo), p. 425 ff.
S. Justini Brief an den Diognet, aus dem Griechischen übersetzt durch Augustin Gabriel Gehlen, in : Bremer und Verdensche Biblioth. Vol. I, p. II (Hamb. 1753, in 8°), p. 221 sqq.
Saint Justin's Epistle to Diognetus, translated from the Greek by Augustin Gabriel Gehlen, in: Library of Bremen and Verden, vol. I, part II (Hamburg, 1753, in octavo), p. 221 ff.
Eamdem epistolam vertit J. M. Sailer : Briefe aus allen Jahrhunderten der christl. Zeitrechnung, fasc. I (Monac. 1800, in-8°), p. 39 sqq.
Johann Michael Sailer translated the same epistle: Epistles from All Centuries of the Christian Era, fascicle I (Munich, 1800, in octavo), p. 39 ff.
Justins des Märtyrers, eines christl. Philosophen aus dem Anfang des zweiten Jahrhunderts, Gespräch von der Wahrheit und Göttlichkeit der christ. Religion mit dem Juden Tryphon. Aus dem Griech. übersetzt und mit einer Vorrede nebst dem Leben Justins begleitet von N. von Brunn, Pfarrer zu St. Martin. Basel 1822, in-8°. — Fere nihil nisi titulum Dialogus praebuit huic libro : Tryphon und Justin oder vom Judentum. Mit einer Vorrede an Herrn Moses Mendelssohn von Franz Güssmann. Wien 1785, in-8°.
The Dialogue of Justin the Martyr, a Christian Philosopher from the Beginning of the Second Century, on the Truth and Divinity of the Christian Religion with the Jew Trypho. Translated from the Greek and accompanied by a preface together with the life of Justin by Niklaus von Brunn, Pastor at St Martin's, Basel, 1822, in octavo. — The Dialogue furnished almost nothing but the title to this book: Trypho and Justin, or On Judaism. With a Preface to Mr Moses Mendelssohn by Franz Güssmann, Vienna, 1785, in octavo.
Des heiligen Weisen und Blutzeugen Justinus (I.) Schutzschrift für die Christen, in : Denkmale der christl. Glaubens-u. Sittenlehre aus allen Jahrhunderten gewählt und übersetzt von J. M. Denis. T. I, fasc. II (Vindob. 1795, in-8°), p. 21 sqq.
The (First) Apology for the Christians of the Holy Sage and Martyr Justin, in: Monuments of Christian Doctrine of Faith and Morals from All Centuries, selected and translated by Johann Michael Denis, tome I, fascicle II (Vienna, 1795, in octavo), p. 21 ff.
Justinus des Märtyrers zweite Apologie und Beweis
Justin the Martyr's Second Apology and Proof
Editors' notes and page, col. 216
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der Alleinherrschaft Gottes. Griech. u. teutsch. — von Joh. Adam Göz. Vid. supra col. 214.
of the Sole Rule of God. Greek and German — by Johann Adam Göz. See above, col. 214.
Excerpta ex Apologia utraque, Dialogo cum Tryph. et fragmento De resurrectione Germanice dedit notisque illustravit Christ. Frid. Rössler : Bibliothek der Kirchen-Väter in Übersetzungen und Auszügen., tom. I (Lips. 1776, in-8°), p. 101 sqq.
Christian Friedrich Rössler gave in German and illustrated with notes excerpts from Both Apologies, the Dialogue with Trypho, and the fragment On the Resurrection: Library of the Church Fathers in Translations and Excerpts, tome I (Leipzig, 1776, in octavo), p. 101 ff.
Italica : S. Giustino Mart. tradotto con alcune riflessioni dal. Giov. Bapt. Galliccioli. Venezia 1799, in-8°. Voll. II.
Italian: Saint Justin Martyr translated with some reflections by Giambattista Galliccioli, Venice, 1799, in octavo, 2 volumes.
III. DE JUSTINI CODICIBUS MANUSCRIPTIS.
III. ON THE MANUSCRIPT CODICES OF JUSTIN.
Valde est dolendum, quod pauci tantum supersunt in bibliothecis codices operum Justinianorum manu scripti; quorum plerique vel Cohortationem ad Graecos vel suppositos tractatus continent. Referam autem de iis genuinorum Justini librorum codicibus mstis (11), quos diligentissime inquirendo reperi.
It is greatly to be lamented that only a few manuscript codices of the works of Justin survive in libraries, most of which contain either the Exhortation to the Greeks or spurious treatises. I shall report, however, concerning those manuscript codices of the genuine books of Justin which I have found by most diligent inquiry.
In Francia et Parisiis quidem in bibliotheca Regia plurimi asservantur, ut praeter Maranum, qui justo brevius de iis exposuit, Catalogorum bibliothecae Regiae pars secunda complectens codices manu scriptos Graecos (ex typographia Regia 1740, fol.) testatur. Jam his in catalogis observata afferam, ita tamen, ut passim addam, quae Carolus Benedictus Hase, Instituti Regii Franciae socius, in schola Regia Polytechnica Regiaque speciali linguarum orientalium professor, in bibliothecae Regiae parte codd. mstos complectente conservator, mecum benignissime communicavit. Facere non possum, quin insignem viri clarissimi in me adjuvando humanitatem grato animo commemorem.
In France, and indeed at Paris in the Royal Library, very many are preserved, as, besides Maran, who set them forth more briefly than was fitting, the second part of the Catalogues of the Royal Library comprising the Greek Manuscript Codices (from the Royal Printing House, 1740, folio) testifies. I shall now adduce the things observed in these catalogues, yet in such a way as to add throughout what Karl Benedikt Hase, member of the Royal Institute of France, professor in the Royal Polytechnic School and in the Royal Special School of Oriental Languages, keeper in the department of the Royal Library comprising the manuscript codices, most kindly communicated to me. I cannot refrain from commemorating with a grateful heart the signal kindness of that most distinguished man in assisting me.
I. Codex Regius CDL, olim numero 1428, postea 2270 notatus, chartaceus, in fol. min., foliorum 461, quo (vid. Catalogg. p. 63, coll. Nic. le Nourry Apparatus, t. I, p. 467) continentur : 1° Sancti Justini, philosophi et martyris, Epistola ad Zenam et Serenum (incipit fol. 6 b verbis : Ἐκ παρασκευῆς ἀνδραγαθεῖν · ἀλλ' ἐπεὶ τοῦ νῦν αἰῶνος [p. 408 C. ed. Maran.], unde apparet eam minime integram esse, ut jam vidit scriba, unam paginam dimidiatam litteris non implens; finitur autem fol. 16 b : Εἴη μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν). Praemittuntur (fol. 1. — 5 b). Excerpta e Photii Myriobiblo de scriptis sancti Justini, et ex Eusebii Historia ecclesiastica de sanctis Justino, Polycarpo et Irenaeo. 2° Ejusdem Sermo paraeneticus ad Graecos (fol. 17 — 50). 3° Ejusdem Dialogus cum Tryphone Judaeo de veritate religionis Christianae (fol. 50 — 193). 4° Ejusdem Apologiae duae pro Christianis, una brevior ad senatum Romanum (fol. 193-201), altera prolixior ad Antoninum Pium (fol. 201-238 b). Sequuntur Epistolae tres, eaedem quae in editis (fol. 238 b — 241). 5° Ejusdem liber de monarchia sive de Dei unitate (fol. 241—247). 6° Ejusdem Expositio orthodoxae fidei (fol. 247 — 261). 7° Ejusdem Confutatio dogmatum quorumdam Aristotelicorum (fol. 261 — 300 b. Explicit : Καὶ γίνονται ἐξ ἀλλήλων [p. 583 E. ed. Maran.]; statim autem sequuntur in cod. msto : βʹ. Ἡ φύσις ἡ ποιοῦσα
I. Royal Codex 450, formerly marked with the number 1428, afterwards 2270, of paper, in small folio, of 461 folios, in which (see Catalogues, p. 63, compare Nicolas Le Nourry, Apparatus, tome I, p. 467) are contained: 1. Epistle to Zenas and Serenus of Saint Justin, Philosopher and Martyr (it begins on fol. 6b with the words: To act bravely from preparation; but since of the present age [p. 408 C, ed. Maran], whence it is evident that it is by no means complete, as the scribe already saw, not filling one half page with letters; and it ends on fol. 16b: May it be with you all). Prefixed (fol. 1-5b) are excerpts from Photius's Myriobiblon on the writings of Saint Justin, and from Eusebius's Ecclesiastical History on Saints Justin, Polycarp, and Irenaeus. 2. Hortatory Address to the Greeks of the Same (fol. 17-50). 3. Dialogue with Trypho the Jew on the Truth of the Christian Religion of the Same (fol. 50-193). 4. Two Apologies on behalf of the Christians of the Same, one shorter to the Roman Senate (fol. 193-201), the other longer to Antoninus Pius (fol. 201-238b). There follow three Epistles, the same as in the printed editions (fol. 238b-241). 5. Book on Monarchy or on the Unity of God of the Same (fol. 241-247). 6. Exposition of the Orthodox Faith of the Same (fol. 247-261). 7. Refutation of Certain Aristotelian Doctrines of the Same (fol. 261-300b. It ends: And they come to be from one another [p. 583 E, ed. Maran]; and immediately there follow in the manuscript codex: 2. Nature which makes
Editors' notes and page, col. 217
Footnotes
(11) ‹anchor: codicibus mstis› · call in col 217, paragraph 3 (Referam autem de iis ... codicibus mstis (11); read on the page by QA Q2a)
De suppositorum Justino librorum codicibus mstis adeas Fabricium, Biblioth. Græc., ed. Harles, Hamburgi 1801, in-4°, t. VII, p. 68 sqq.
On the manuscripts of the books falsely ascribed to Justin, consult Fabricius, Bibliotheca Graeca, ed. Harles, Hamburg 1801, quarto, vol. VII, p. 68 ff.
(printed under page 115)
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τὰ φυσικὰ, etc. [p. 533 B. ed. Maran.] usque ad fol. 302 b : Ἀγένητα [sic] ἐν τῷ ἐνιαυτῷ [p. 535 D. ed. Maran.]). 8° Ejusdem Quaesita et responsa ad Graecos (fol. 302 b — 433, ubi quemadmodum apud Maranum p. 547 E, desinunt in verba : τῆς ἀλόγου αὐτῶν ἀπιστίας). Haec excipit Athenagorae liber Περὶ ἀναστάσεως τῶν νεκρῶν, cujus initium : Παντὶ δόγματι καὶ λόγῳ, etc., et finis : τιμῆς ἢ δίκης, ut apud Maranum ed. Opp. Just. p. 315 A et 336 E. — Is codex anno 1364 exaratus est; clauditur enim, ut etiam Bernard. de Montfaucon in Palaeograph. Gr. (Paris. 1708, fol.), p. 71, observavit, hac nota : Ἐτελειώθη τὸ παρὸν βιβλίον ἐπὶ ἔτους ,ςωοβʹ. ἰνδ. βʹ. ἐν μηνὶ Σεπτεβρίῳ [sic] ια, h. e. Absolutus est hic liber a. 6872 (Christi 1364), indictione secunda, mensis Septembris die 11. Idem est hic codex, quem, perpaucis tantum immutatis, Robertus Stephanus in principe sua operum Justinianorum editione « ex bibliotheca Regia » typis describendum curavit. Ut brevitate solito more utamur, cum Marano eum in Cohortatione ad Graecos per notam compendiariam Cod. Reg. 3, in caeteris vero scriptis κατ' ἐξοχὴν per notam Cod. Reg. indicavimus.
physical things, etc. [p. 533 B, ed. Maran] up to fol. 302b: Unbegotten [sic] in the year [p. 535 D, ed. Maran]). 8. Questions and Replies to the Greeks of the Same (fol. 302b-433, where, just as in Maran, p. 547 E, they end in the words: of their irrational unbelief). After these comes the book of Athenagoras On the Resurrection of the Dead, whose beginning is: By every doctrine and word, etc., and end: of honour or justice, as in Maran, edition of the Works of Justin, p. 315 A and 336 E. — This codex was written in the year 1364; for it closes, as Bernard de Montfaucon in his Greek Palaeography (Paris, 1708, folio), p. 71, also observed, with this note: The present book was completed in the year 6872, indiction 2, in the month of September [sic] 11, that is, This book was finished in the year 6872 (1364 of Christ), in the second indiction, on the 11th day of the month of September. This is the same codex which, with very few things altered, Robert Estienne in his editio princeps of the works of Justin had transcribed in type "from the Royal Library." To use brevity in the customary manner, with Maran we have indicated it in the Exhortation to the Greeks by the abbreviated mark Cod. Reg. 3, and in the other writings pre-eminently by the mark Cod. Reg.
II. Codex Regius CDLI, olim sub numeris 1169 et 2271, membranaceus, in fol., foliis constans 403, quo (vid. Catalogg. l. c.) continentur : 1° Clementis Alexandrini liber adhortatorius ad Graecos. Accedunt scholia marginalia, eaque non contemnenda, cum in huncce tractatum, tum in alios qui sequuntur (fol. 1 — 56 b). 2° Ejusdem Paedagogus, in tres libros divisus. Libri primi decem capita priora et undecimi initium desiderantur (fol. 57—154 b). 3° Justini ad Zenam et Serenum fratres epistola (fol. 155-163 b : Ἡ χάρις μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν). 4° Ejusdem Oratio paraenetica ad Graecos (fol. 163 b — 187 b. Ultima verba : Οἱ δὲ μετ' αὐτόν · desunt enim in codice msto quatuor quaterniones [τετράδια], h. e. triginta duo folia sive sexaginta quatuor paginae, quae jam saeculo decimo quarto desiderabantur, ut liquet ex verbis illo tempore subscriptis : Ἐντεῦθεν ἐλλείπουσι τετράδια δʹ). 5° Eusebii Pamphili evangelicae Praeparationis libri quinque priores (liber I est principio mutilus : ἡμῖν ἡ [deficiunt igitur tria vocabula] μετὰ χεῖρας [sic] ἐκπονεῖται πρόθεσις, etc., vid. edit. Viger. Colon. 1688, fol., p. 7 A; finitur fol. 322, eadem ratione qua apud Viger. p. 234 C). 6° Athenagorae Atheniensis Legatio pro Christianis
II. Royal Codex 451, formerly under the numbers 1169 and 2271, of parchment, in folio, consisting of 403 folios, in which (see Catalogues, loc. cit.) are contained: 1. Hortatory Book to the Greeks of Clement of Alexandria. Added are marginal scholia, and those not to be despised, both on this treatise and on the others which follow (fol. 1-56b). 2. The Instructor of the Same, divided into three books. The first ten chapters of the first book and the beginning of the eleventh are wanting (fol. 57-154b). 3. Epistle of Justin to the Brothers Zenas and Serenus (fol. 155-163b: Grace be with you all). 4. Hortatory Address to the Greeks of the Same (fol. 163b-187b. The last words: And those after him; for there are wanting in the manuscript codex four quaternions [tetradia], that is, thirty-two folios or sixty-four pages, which were already wanting in the fourteenth century, as is clear from the words subscribed at that time: From here four quaternions are missing). 5. The First Five Books of the Evangelical Preparation of Eusebius Pamphili (book I is mutilated at the beginning: to us the [three words are therefore lacking] undertaking in hand [sic] is worked out, etc., see Viger's edition, Cologne, 1688, folio, p. 7 A; it ends on fol. 322, in the same way as in Viger, p. 234 C). 6. Embassy on behalf of the Christians of Athenagoras the Athenian
Editors' notes and page, col. 218
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(fol. 322 b — 348). 7° Idem de resurrectione mortuorum (fol. 348 b — 367 b). 8° Eusebii Pamphili adversus Hieroclem liber (fol. 368 — 401 b). 9° Anonymi fragmentum de loco, unde accersivit asinum Servator (addidit hoc fragmentum [fol. 402 sq.] litteris uncialibus minoribus exaratum alius scriba, qui ex Hasii, veteris rei diplomaticae peritissimi, conjectura saeculo decimo vixit. — Is codex manu Baanis, notarii Aretae Caesareae archiepiscopi, anno Christi 914 exaratus est; etenim ad calcem (fol. 401 b) habet : Ἐγράφη χειρὶ Βαάνους, νοταρίου Ἀρέτα ἀρχιεπισκόπου Καισαρείας Καππαδοκίας, ἔτει κόσμου ,ςυκβʹ (a. 6422, h. e. Christi 914). Quidam VV. DD., ut Hutchinus (in praefat. ad edit. Apolog. sec., etc.) et Nourrius (l. c., p. 468), perperam legerunt Βαάνους νότου, id quod jam Bern. de Montfaucon (l. c. p. 275, coll. p. 35 et 43) vituperavit. Idem ex hoc eximiae notae codice msto, eodem quo scriptus est elegantissimo charactere exemplum proposuit (l. c. p. 274, n. III). Videtur Hasio observante ille νοτάριος, h. e. calligraphus, linguam Graecam probe cognitam habuisse, ita ut vitia passim obvia codici sint imputandi, quem transcripsit. Egregio autem hoc libro msto, cujus auctoritati prae caeteris, ut par est, obsequendum censuimus, jam antea in Paraenesin usi sunt Hutchinus et Maranus, quibuscum Cod. Reg. 1 appellavimus.
(fol. 322b-348). 7. The Same On the Resurrection of the Dead (fol. 348b-367b). 8. Book of Eusebius Pamphili against Hierocles (fol. 368-401b). 9. Fragment of an Anonymous Writer concerning the Place whence the Saviour Sent for the Ass (another scribe, who according to the conjecture of Hase, most skilled in ancient diplomatics, lived in the tenth century, added this fragment [fol. 402 f.] written in smaller uncial letters). — This codex was written by the hand of Baanes, notary of Arethas, Archbishop of Caesarea, in the year of Christ 914; for at the end (fol. 401b) it has: Written by the hand of Baanes, notary of Arethas, Archbishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia, in the year of the world 6422 (year 6422, that is, 914 of Christ). Certain learned men, such as Hutchin (in the preface to the edition of the Second Apology, etc.) and Le Nourry (loc. cit., p. 468), wrongly read Baanes the bastard, which Bernard de Montfaucon (loc. cit., p. 275, compare pp. 35 and 43) already censured. From this manuscript codex of distinguished quality the same man presented a specimen in the same most elegant character in which it was written (loc. cit., p. 274, no. III). As Hase observes, that notary, that is, calligrapher, seems to have known the Greek language well, so that the faults met with here and there are to be imputed to the codex which he transcribed. Moreover, Hutchin and Maran already previously made use of this outstanding manuscript book—whose authority, as is fitting, we have judged should be followed above the rest—for the Exhortation, along with whom we have called it Cod. Reg. 1.
III. Codex Regius CLXXIV, olim 1358, tum 2919, membranaceus, formae quadratae, Fonteblandensis, h. e. ex Regia bibliotheca olim in arce Fonteblandensi asservata originem trahens. Folia sunt 190. Ibi (vid. Catalogg. p. 27 sq.) continentur : 1° Olympiodori Commentarius in Ecclesiasten. 2° Scholia in Proverbia Salomonis, e Basilii, Diadecti, Didymi, Evagrii, Hippolyti et Palladii scriptis excerpta. Laudatur etiam Aristoteles. 3° Athanasii locus de Psalmis. 4° Decem veteris legis mandata. 5° Maximi confessoris Quaestiones, interrogationes et responsiones breviores; item diversorum capitum difficilium selecta explicatio. 6° Scholia in Ezechielem prophetam, ex Apollinarii, Gregorii Nysseni, Origenis, Polychronii et Theodoreti scriptis excerpta. 7° Scholia in Danielem; ibi saepenumero laudantur Africanus, Ammonius, Chrysostomus, Cyrillus, Hippolytus et Polychronius. 8° Excerpta e Theodoreti Dialogis tribus, ἐρανιστὴν inter et orthodoxum. 9° Sancti Justini martyris ad Zenam et Serenum epistola (fol. 85-92; prima et extrema verba leguntur uti apud Maranum p. 408 A.—417 B). 10° Ejusdem Oratio paraenetica ad Graecos. Conjecta ad marginem brevia quaedam scholia hactenus inedita (fol. 92 b—112). Ea autem, Hasio judice, cum fere
III. Royal Codex 174, formerly 1358, then 2919, of parchment, of square format, of Fontainebleau, that is, drawing its origin from the Royal Library formerly preserved in the palace of Fontainebleau. The folios are 190. There (see Catalogues, p. 27 f.) are contained: 1. Commentary of Olympiodorus on Ecclesiastes. 2. Scholia on the Proverbs of Solomon, excerpted from the writings of Basil, Diadochus, Didymus, Evagrius, Hippolytus, and Palladius. Aristotle is also cited. 3. A Passage of Athanasius on the Psalms. 4. The Ten Commandments of the Old Law. 5. Shorter Questions, Interrogations, and Replies of Maximus the Confessor; likewise a select explanation of diverse difficult chapters. 6. Scholia on the Prophet Ezekiel, excerpted from the writings of Apollinarius, Gregory of Nyssa, Origen, Polychronius, and Theodoret. 7. Scholia on Daniel; there Africanus, Ammonius, Chrysostom, Cyril, Hippolytus, and Polychronius are oftentimes cited. 8. Excerpts from the Three Dialogues of Theodoret between Eranistes and Orthodoxus. 9. Epistle of Saint Justin Martyr to Zenas and Serenus (fol. 85-92; the first and last words are read as in Maran, p. 408 A-417 B). 10. Hortatory Address to the Greeks of the Same. Cast into the margin are certain brief scholia hitherto unpublished (fol. 92b-112). Since, however, in Hase's judgement, they contain almost
Editors' notes and page, col. 219
Footnotes
(12) ‹anchor: not visible in the foot images› · call in col 219 (inferred: the call is not in the lower parts of either column shown)
Montefalconius autem (Palæogr. Gr., p. 276) ista duo folia integra a Baane exercitii et animi causa unciali charactere opinatur descripta esse.
Montfaucon, however (Palaeographia Graeca, p. 276), thinks that those two folios were copied whole by Baanes in uncial script, for practice and for pleasure.
(printed under page 116)
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nihil nisi rubricas, h. e. indices rerum de quibus in textu agitur, vel breves notas grammatico-asceticas contineant, vix ac ne vix quidem digna sunt quae nostro tempore typis describantur. Ut exemplum afferam, quod haud scio an sit instar omnium, fol. 108, ad verba (Cohort. c. 31) : Καὶ ἐπέβη ἐπὶ Χερουβίμ, adnotatur : Καὶ τό, Ἐπέβη ἐπὶ Χερουβὶμ καὶ ἐπετάσθη · ἐπετάσθη ἐπὶ πτερύγων ἀνέμου · ἆρ' οὐ σαφέστερον; Et paulo post : Οὐκ ἐν τῷ πνεύματι Κύριος. Τοῦτο ἐν τῇ καθ' Ἠλίαν γέγραπται θεοπτίᾳ · ὡς οὐκ ἐν τῷ πνεύματι Θεοῦ ἐμφανιζομένου ἀνθρώποις, οὐκ ἐν τῷ συσσεισμῷ, οὐκ ἐν τῷ πυρί. Ψυχὴ γὰρ ἀνθρώπου, τῇ περὶ Θεὸν ἐνασχολεῖσθαι ἀρξαμένη θεωρίᾳ, πρὸς τοῦτον μὲν οἷά τινι βιαίῳ πνεύματι αἴρεται, ἀπὸ τῶν χαμαὶ ἐρχομένων ἁπάντων. 11° Tatiani Oratio ad Graecos. Accedunt scholia paulo uberiora, nec indigna omnino quae lucem publicam aspiciant. Variae autem codicis illius Orationis lectiones in editione Oxoniensi anni 1700 repraesentatae sunt. 12° Athenagorae, Atheniensis philosophi, Legatio pro Christianis, cum similibus scholiis. 13° Ejusdem tractatus de mortuorum resurrectione. 14° Eusebii Pamphili liber adversus Hieroclem. — Is codex, cujus specimen dedit Bernard. de Monfaucon (l. c., p. 279, n. I), saeculo undecimo exaratus videtur a diversis quidem manibus, quae tamen omnes ejusdem fere temporis sunt. In fine (fol. 190 b) reperitur haec possessoris nota inferiorem aetatem prodens : Ἡ βίβλος αὕτη εὐτελοῦς χαρτοφύλακος πέλει Γεωργίου τοῦ Σκληράτου διακόνου τῆς Πάφου. Id est enim signum crucis, quod, ut Hasius abhinc quatuor annos in Graecia vidit, nostris quoque temporibus homines natu grandes atque pii ponunt, quotiescunque aliquid sunt scripturi; nuncupant τὸ σταυρὲ βοήθει. Codicem autem illum Orationis paraeneticae haud contemnendum, qui, ut ex mirifica consensione patescit, ejusdem familiae est atque Reg. 1. (n. 451), Hutchini et Marani siglo Cod. Reg. 2, designavimus.
nothing but rubrics, that is, indices of the subjects treated in the text, or brief grammatico-ascetic notes, they are scarcely, and not even scarcely, worthy of being printed in our time. To adduce an example, which I know not whether it may serve for all, on fol. 108, at the words (Exhortation, ch. 31): And He mounted upon the Cherubim, there is annotated: And the saying, He mounted upon the Cherubim and flew; He flew upon the wings of the wind: is it not clearer? And shortly after: The Lord is not in the wind. This is written in the vision of God concerning Elijah: that God does not manifest Himself to men in the wind, not in the earthquake, not in the fire. For the soul of man, having begun to occupy itself in the contemplation concerning God, is lifted up towards Him as if by some mighty wind, away from all things that go upon the ground. 11. Tatian's Address to the Greeks. Added are somewhat fuller scholia, and not altogether unworthy of seeing the public light. Moreover, the variant readings of that codex of the Address were presented in the Oxford edition of the year 1700. 12. Embassy on behalf of the Christians of Athenagoras, the Athenian Philosopher, with similar scholia. 13. Treatise on the Resurrection of the Dead of the Same. 14. Book of Eusebius Pamphili against Hierocles. — This codex, a specimen of which Bernard de Montfaucon gave (loc. cit., p. 279, no. I), seems to have been written in the eleventh century by diverse hands indeed, which nevertheless are all of nearly the same time. At the end (fol. 190b) is found this owner's note betraying a later age: This book belongs to the humble chartophylax George Skleratos, deacon of Paphos. For that is the sign of the cross which, as Hase saw four years ago in Greece, elderly and pious men in our times also place whenever they are about to write anything; they call it the "Cross, help." Moreover, that by no means contemptible codex of the Hortatory Address, which, as is evident from its wonderful agreement, is of the same family as Reg. 1 (no. 451), we have designated by the siglum of Hutchin and Maran, Cod. Reg. 2.
IV. Codex Regius XIX, olim Colbertinus 3581; inde ab anno 1732, cum Colberti nepos, comes de Seignelay, mstos libros haereditate acceptos Ludovico XV vendidisset, Regius 2854, chartaceus, formae quadratae. Ibi (vid. Catalogg. p. 9) continentur : 1° Job. 2° Justini philosophi et martyris Cohortatio ad Graecos. 3° Apocalypsis. — Is codex, cujus folia non numerata sunt, saeculo decimo sexto exaratus videtur idque Hasio admonente ab aliquo Europaeo, h. e. occidentalis terrae, sive Italiae sive Galliae, incola, qui hoc fortasse modo quamdam in Graecis litteris exercitationem sibi voluit parare;
IV. Royal Codex 19, formerly Colbertinus 3581; from the year 1732, when Colbert's grandson, the Count of Seignelay, sold the manuscript books received by inheritance to Louis XV, Royal 2854, of paper, of square format. There (see Catalogues, p. 9) are contained: 1. Job. 2. Exhortation to the Greeks of Justin, Philosopher and Martyr. 3. Apocalypse. — This codex, whose folios are not numbered, seems to have been written in the sixteenth century, and that, as Hase points out, by some European, that is, an inhabitant of the western land, whether of Italy or of France, who perhaps in this way wished to procure for himself some practice in Greek letters;
Editors' notes and page, col. 220
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Idem Montefalconius (l. c. p. 277 sqq.) decimo hunc codicem sæculo judicat scriptum esse. « Nam, inquit, in aliquot ejusdem formæ codices incidi, anni notam ferentes, qui omnes eodem sæculo exarati sunt. Hic dativo ι ascribitur, ut in ἐπιστολῆι, quod in aliquot exemplaribus observatur; in pluribus omittitur. Accentus non ita accurate ubique notantur, sed haud raro negliguntur, et spiritus similiter, qui prisca forma plerumque describuntur. »
The same Montfaucon (in the work cited, p. 277 ff.) judges that this codex was written in the tenth century. "For," he says, "I have come upon several codices of the same form bearing a note of the year, all written in that same century. Here iota is written beside the dative, as in ἐπιστολῆι, which is seen in some copies; in most it is left out. The accents are not marked carefully everywhere but are fairly often neglected, and the breathings likewise, which are mostly written in the ancient form."
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- old-edition numerals: (none)
- other: Latin only, no Greek printed; editors' matter: nihil nisi rubricas
adhibuit autem pennam, non calamum scriptorium, quo solo aut pennis aeneis Graeci usque ad imperii occasum utebantur. Hunc codicem, qui licet proprias lectiones multas habeat, haud dubie tamen ex eodem fluxit fonte ac Reg. 2 (n. 174), non, ut Maranus, Colbertinum, sed Cod. Reg. 4 vocavi.
moreover, he used a quill, not a reed pen, which alone or bronze pens the Greeks used down to the fall of the empire. This codex, which, although it has many readings of its own, nevertheless without doubt flowed from the same source as Reg. 2 (no. 174), I have called not Colbertinus, like Maran, but Cod. Reg. 4.
V. Codex Regius CXC. (Vid. Supplément grec, quod supplementum eos continet codices mstos, qui post annum 1740 in bibliothecam Regiam pervenerunt) saeculo decimo septimo in charta vulgari papyrea exaratus foliisque constans 340. Qui octonariae formae liber mstus, excerpta ex Epiphanio, Clemente Alexandrino, Origene aliisque Patribus ecclesiasticis continens, paucas praebet (fol. 286—304 b) collectiones ex S. Justino additis brevibus Latinis adnotationibus; sed istum nihil, quod operae pretium esset, ad textum emendandum praesidii afferre posse, Hasius fidem fecit. — Statim adjiciatur
V. Royal Codex 190 (see Greek Supplement, which supplement contains those manuscript codices that came into the Royal Library after the year 1740), written in the seventeenth century on common paper and consisting of 340 folios. This manuscript book of octavo format, containing excerpts from Epiphanius, Clement of Alexandria, Origen, and other ecclesiastical Fathers, furnishes (fol. 286-304b) a few collections from Saint Justin with brief Latin annotations added; but Hase gave assurance that it could bring no aid worth the trouble towards emending the text. — Let there be immediately adjoined
VI. Codex Claromontanus, ita a Marano appellatus, quod bibliotheca collegii Parisiensis Societatis Jesu eum subministravit. Ejectis autem e Gallia Jesuitis (a. 1764), cum illius bibliothecae libri publice venderentur, codex ille mstus in Meermani manus pervenit. Quo mortuo cum aliis scriptis (a. 1824) in Angliam transiit, ut illustrissimi Thomae Phillipps bibliothecae in villa Middlehill ad oppidum Broadway (in comitatu Vorcestr. situm) institutae adjungeretur. Vid. Catalog. mstorum codicum collegii Claromontani (Paris. 1764, 8) p. 25 sq., num. LXXXII, et Bibliothec. Meerman. sive catalog. librorum impressorum et codicum mstorum, quos — morte dereliquit Joannes Meerman, tom. IV (Hagae Comit. 1824, 8), p. 7, num. LVII; coll. Gust. Hänel : Catalogi librorum mstorum, etc. (Lips. 1830, 4), p. 894. Hic codex chartaceus, in-fol., complectens folia 377, saeculo decimo sexto exaratus est eoque continentur : 1° Justini philosophi et martyris Epistola ad Zenam et Serenum fratres. Praemittuntur nonnulla de Justino ex Suida, Photio aliis. 2° Paraeneticus ad gentes. 3° Dialogus cum Tryphone. 4° Apologia utraque pro Christianis cum epistolis Antonini et Marci imperatorum. 5° De monarchia. 6° Expositio fidei seu de sancta Trinitate. 7° Refutatio dogmatum Aristotelis. 8° Quaestiones Christianae ad gentiles. 9° Responsiones ad orthodoxos de quaestionibus necessariis et pertractatio adv. gentiles. 10° Quaestiones Graecanicae ad Christianos de incorporeo, de Deo et de resurrectione mortuorum. 11° Responsiones Christianae ad praedictas quaestiones ex pietate naturalium rationum. 12° Athenagoras De resurrectione mortuorum. 13° Justini Epistola (eadem quae supra) ad Zenam et
VI. Codex Claromontanus, so called by Maran because the library of the Parisian College of the Society of Jesus supplied it. When the Jesuits were expelled from France (in the year 1764) and the books of that library were sold publicly, that manuscript codex came into the hands of Meerman. Upon his death it passed with other writings (in the year 1824) into England, to be joined to the library of the most illustrious Sir Thomas Phillipps established at the country house of Middle Hill near the town of Broadway (situated in the county of Worcester). See Catalogue of the Manuscript Codices of the College of Clermont (Paris, 1764, octavo), p. 25 f., no. LXXXII, and the Meerman Library, or Catalogue of Printed Books and Manuscript Codices which Johan Meerman Left at His Death, tome IV (The Hague, 1824, octavo), p. 7, no. LVII; compare Gustav Haenel: Catalogues of Manuscript Books, etc. (Leipzig, 1830, quarto), p. 894. This paper codex, in folio, comprising 377 folios, was written in the sixteenth century, and in it are contained: 1. Epistle of Justin, Philosopher and Martyr, to the Brothers Zenas and Serenus. Prefixed are some notices concerning Justin from Suidas, Photius, and others. 2. Hortatory Address to the Gentiles. 3. Dialogue with Trypho. 4. Both Apologies on behalf of the Christians with the epistles of the Emperors Antoninus and Marcus. 5. On Monarchy. 6. Exposition of Faith or On the Holy Trinity. 7. Refutation of the Doctrines of Aristotle. 8. Christian Questions to the Gentiles. 9. Replies to the Orthodox concerning Necessary Questions and Treatise against the Gentiles. 10. Greek Questions to the Christians concerning the Incorporeal, concerning God, and concerning the Resurrection of the Dead. 11. Christian Replies to the Aforesaid Questions from the Piety of Natural Reasons. 12. Athenagoras On the Resurrection of the Dead. 13. Epistle of Justin (the same as above) to Zenas and
Editors' notes and page, col. 221
Footnotes
(14) ‹anchor: exaratus est› · call in col 221
At Nic. le Nourry (Apparat. ad biblioth. max. vett. PP., etc. p. I, p. 467) hunc certe non ineleganteni codicem sæculo opinatur decimo quarto conscriptum esse.
But Nicolas Le Nourry (Apparatus ad Bibliothecam maximam veterum Patrum, etc., part I, p. 467) thinks that this codex, certainly not an inelegant one, was written in the fourteenth century.
(printed under page 117)
Page
- running head: 221 EXCERPTA EX PRAEFATIONE ED
- marginal letters: A adhibuit autem pennam; B tinis adnotationibus; sed; C num. LXXXII, et; D Trinitate. 7° Refutatio
- old-edition numerals: (none)
- other: Latin only, no Greek printed; editors' matter: adhibuit autem pennam
Serenum. 14° Expositio (eadem quae supra) confessionis orthodoxae. Is codex mstus Regio numero 450 insignito simillimus est; etenim non tantum opera eodem ordine complectitur, sed et Epistola ad Zenam et Serenum, primo loco collocata, initio detruncata est. Huc accedit, quod ejus lectiones plerumque cum Regio ita conveniunt, eodem ex codice ut uterque descriptus videatur vel alter ex altero. Sirmondus narrante Nourrio (l. c., p. 468) summa diligentia Claromontanum codicem pervolutavit eique manu sua et initium epistolae ad Zenam et Serenum mutilum supplevit praefixitque omnium quae continet operum elenchum. Idem est ille codex, quocum selectos quosdam locos conferendos Thirlbius curavit.
Serenus. 14. Exposition (the same as above) of the Orthodox Confession. This manuscript codex is very similar to the Royal one marked with the number 450; for not only does it comprise the works in the same order, but also the Epistle to Zenas and Serenus, placed in the first position, is truncated at the beginning. Added to this is the fact that its readings mostly agree so closely with the Royal codex that both seem to have been transcribed from the same codex, or the one from the other. As Le Nourry relates (loc. cit., p. 468), Sirmond perused the Clermont codex with the utmost diligence, and with his own hand both supplied in it the mutilated beginning of the Epistle to Zenas and Serenus and prefixed an index of all the works which it contains. That is the same codex with which Thirlby had certain selected passages collated.
In Gallia praeter codices mstos supra nominatos unus tantum reperitur, quo equidem primus usus sum; est enim
In France, besides the manuscript codices named above, only one is found, which I indeed was the first to use; for it is
VII. Codex Argentoratensis, bombycinus (ex charta gossympina : vid. Haenel., l. c., p. 466), in fol. minimo, cujus folia recentiori tempore 260 numerata sunt. Fuit quondam Joann. Reuchlini, quod inscriptio indicat manu illius in aversa parte involucri lignei facta (Liber Graecus Johannis Reuchlin Phorcen.); postea in Maurimonasterium (Maurmünster) situm in Alsatia superiore (Ex. libb. Abb. Maurimonast. 1560), denique violenta Francici regni conversione in publicam Argentorati bibliothecam pervenit. A muribus autem nidum sibi in eo parantibus admodum corrosus est, sed tantummodo altera ejus pars detrimentum cepit. Hoc codice comprehenduntur : 1° Τοῦ ἁγίου Ἰουστίνου φιλοσόφου καὶ μάρτυρος Περὶ μοναρχίας. 2° Λόγος παραινετικὸς πρὸς Ἕλληνας. 3° Ἔκθεσις πίστεως περὶ τῆς ὀρθῆς ὁμολογίας, ἤτοι περὶ Τριάδος. 4° Πρὸς Ἕλληνας. 5° Πρὸς Διόγνητον. Ab alia eaque recentiori manu adjectae sunt : 6° Τῆς Σιβύλλης Ἐρυθρ. στοῖχοι (tres tantum paginas continentes). 7° Χρησμοὶ τῶν Ἑλληνικῶν θεῶν. A priori autem manu est : 8° Athenagorae Πρεσβεία et 9° Ejusdem liber περὶ ἀναστάσεως. Quae denique sequuntur scripta Cyrilli Alexandrini atque posterioris aetatis tractatus contra Armenios, Ismaelitas alios aperte recentiorem manum produnt. Pars codicis antiquior saeculo decimo tertio quartove exaratus est. Illas observationes vir summe venerabilis Eduardus Cunitz, theologiae doctor Argentoratensis, benevole mecum communicavit. Jam quae praeterea de hoc codice mihi perscripsit, ipsissimis ejus verbis afferam : « Die Zeilen, in dem Theile der Justin enthält, sind vorgezeichnet durch in das starke Baumwollenpapier eingeritzte Linien, unter welche die Buchstaben geschrieben sind. Die
VII. The Strasbourg Codex, of bombazine (of cotton paper: see Haenel, loc. cit., p. 466), in smallest folio, whose folios in more recent times have been numbered 260. It formerly belonged to Johannes Reuchlin, which an inscription made by his hand on the inside of the wooden cover indicates (Greek Book of Johannes Reuchlin of Pforzheim); afterwards it came to Marmoutier (Maurmünster) situated in Upper Alsace (From the books of the Abbey of Marmoutier, 1560), and finally by the violent revolution of the French kingdom into the public library of Strasbourg. Moreover, it has been very much gnawed by mice making a nest for themselves in it, but only the second part of it suffered damage. In this codex are comprised: 1. Of Saint Justin, Philosopher and Martyr, On Monarchy. 2. Hortatory Address to the Greeks. 3. Exposition of Faith concerning the Right Confession, that is, concerning the Trinity. 4. To the Greeks. 5. To Diognetus. By another and more recent hand have been added: 6. Verses of the Erythraean Sibyl (occupying only three pages). 7. Oracles of the Greek Gods. By the earlier hand, however, are: 8. Embassy of Athenagoras and 9. Book on the Resurrection of the Same. Finally, the writings of Cyril of Alexandria which follow and the treatises of a later age against the Armenians, Ishmaelites, and others clearly betray a more recent hand. The older part of the codex was written in the thirteenth or fourteenth century. Those observations the most venerable man Eduard Cunitz, Doctor of Theology at Strasbourg, kindly communicated to me. Now what he wrote to me in addition concerning this codex, I shall adduce in his very own words: "The lines, in the part which contains Justin, are ruled beforehand by lines scored into the thick cotton paper, beneath which the letters are written. The
Editors' notes and page, col. 222
Footnotes
(15) ‹anchor: corrosus est› · call in col 222
Hoc jam Gust. Hænel. adnotavit: Catalogg. librorum mstorum, etc., p. 466.
Gustav Hänel has already noted this: Catalogi librorum manuscriptorum, etc., p. 466.
(printed under page 117)
(16) ‹anchor: exaratus est› · call in col 222
Hic codex mstus quidem passim habet lectiones deteriores, veras tamen plurimis locis conservavit; idem, ut ex multis potest concludi, non ad Codd. Reg. 3 et Clarom. familiam, sed ad egregiam Codd. Regg. 1, 2 et 4 pertinet maximeque convenit cum Reg. 2.
This manuscript does here and there have inferior readings, yet in a great many places it has kept the true ones; and, as can be concluded from many things, it belongs not to the family of the Royal codex 3 and the Clermont codex but to the excellent family of Royal codices 1, 2 and 4, and agrees most closely with Royal 2.
(printed under page 117)
Page
- running head: AEFATIONE EDITORIS IENENSIS. 222
- marginal letters: A Serenum. 14° Expositio; B In Gallia praeter; C parantibus admodum corrosus; D dicis antiquior saeculo
- old-edition numerals: (none)
- other: Latin only, no Greek printed; editors' matter: Serenum. 14° Expositio
Verschränkungen und Zusammenziehungen der Bnchstaben sind meistens dieselben wie in den Stephanischen Drucken (u. a. fehlt z. B. das in letzteren so häufige γὰρ oder), καὶ aber bei Weitem nicht durchgängig angewandt; dasselbe ist der Fall mit den eigentlichen Abkürzungen, die auch ganz die bei Stephanus eingeführten sind (von einigen jedoch erinnere ich mich nicht, ob sie bei Stephanus vorkommen : δ/τ = ας und τς = ους; erstere wird von unserm Scriba besonders oft gebraucht. Beinahe durchweg bedient er sich auch der bekannten ἀνος = ἄνθρωπος, οὐνος = οὐρανός, πρα, πμα = πνεῦμα etc., θῦ = θεοῦ; letzteres findet sich nur ausnahmsweise). Ubrigens hat bei dem Allem die Schrift nichts weniger als ein currentes Aussehen wegen ihres gedehnten, ins Breite gezogenen, immer noch alterthümlichen Charakters. Was andere Merkzeichen betrifft, so wenig genau Bestimmtes sich auch daraus ziehen lässt, so mag das Hauptsächlichste Folgendes sein : Die Schrift ist durchweg ziemlich gleichförmig und sorgfältig gehalten; auffallend sind die unleserlichen Stellen, die gerade mit den in dem gedruckten Texte vorkommenden Lücken zusammenfallen, obgleich meistens sich noch erkennen lässt, dass sie ursprünglich beschrieben waren; doch sind, im Allgemeinen, besonders die ersten Blätter sehr verblichen und auch auf manchen folgenden die Schlusswörter der Zeilen und auch die oberen Ecken der Seiten oft sowohl durch Feuchtigkeit als auch durch Reibung sehr verwischt. Die Randglossen, die übrigens in unsern Büchern nicht sehr häufig vorkommen, sind von der Hand des ursprünglichen Librarius, aber mit rother Dinte, wie auch die Titel. Das α, wo es nicht angehängt ist, hat gewöhnlich die Gestalt α. Das β wird oft durch υ ersetzt. Das ι subscriptum fehlt durchweg. Meistens wird die Form θ, seltener ϑ gebraucht. Für κ findet sich ofters auch ϰ. — Die sehr auffallende Ubereinstimmung unseres Strasburg. Codex mit den Lesarten des Beurerischen Apographon, welche in den Noten Sylburgs angegeben sind, liessen mich anfangs glauben, unsere Handschrift sey dieses Apographon selbst, da es sich leicht denken liess, dass der Freiburger Professor von dem Codex zu Maurmünster Kenntniss hatte; aber es finden sich doch auch manche ausdrückliche Abweichungen, die wohl hinreichen, die Verschiedenheit dieser Handschriften zu beweisen. Ubrigens wurde unser Codex oder wenigstens die drei ersten darin enthaltenen Bücher (de Monarchia, der Paraeneticus und die Ekthesis) schon früher verglichen, wie daraus erhellt, dass bei diesen Schriften die Varianten des gedruckten Textes ziemlich sorgfaltig am Rande angegeben sind (im Λόγ. πρὸς Ἕλλ. und im Brief an Diognet ist diess nicht der Fall). Jedoch scheint diese frühere Collation nicht zu etwas Weiterem gedient zu haben oder das Resultat davon bekannt gemacht worden zu seyn. » Nunc viri plurimum
ligatures and contractions of the letters are mostly the same as in Estienne's prints (among others, for example, the γὰρ or καὶ so frequent in the latter is missing), yet by far not applied throughout; the same is the case with the abbreviations proper, which are also quite those introduced by Estienne (of some, however, I do not remember whether they occur in Estienne: δ/τ = ας and τς = ους; the former is used especially often by our scribe. Almost throughout he also makes use of the well-known ἀνος = ἄνθρωπος, οὐνος = οὐρανός, πρα, πμα = πνεῦμα, etc., θῦ = θεοῦ; the last is found only exceptionally). For the rest, with all this the script has anything but a cursive appearance on account of its stretched, drawn-out in breadth, still archaic character. As regards other marks, however little that is precisely definite can be drawn from them, the main point may be the following: The script is kept fairly uniform and careful throughout; striking are the illegible passages, which coincide precisely with the lacunae occurring in the printed text, although for the most part it can still be recognized that they were originally written upon; yet in general, especially the first leaves are very faded, and on many following ones also the final words of the lines and also the upper corners of the pages are often very blurred both by dampness and by rubbing. The marginal glosses, which for the rest do not occur very frequently in our books, are by the hand of the original scribe, but in red ink, as are the titles also. The α, where it is not joined on, usually has the form α. The β is often replaced by υ. The ι subscript is lacking throughout. Mostly the form θ, more rarely ϑ, is used. For κ there is often found ϰ as well. — The very striking agreement of our Strasbourg codex with the readings of Beurer's apograph, which are given in Sylburg's notes, made me believe at first that our manuscript was this apograph itself, since it could easily be thought that the Freiburg professor had knowledge of the codex at Marmoutier; yet there are also found many express deviations, which doubtless suffice to prove the diversity of these manuscripts. For the rest, our codex, or at least the first three books contained in it (De Monarchia, the Paraeneticus, and the Ekthesis), was collated already earlier, as is clear from the fact that in these writings the variants of the printed text are noted fairly carefully in the margin (in the Address to the Greeks and in the Epistle to Diognetus this is not the case). However, this earlier collation seems not to have served for anything further, nor its result to have been made known." Now the most
Editors' notes and page, col. 223
Page
- running head: 223 S. JUSTINUS PHILOSOPHUS
- marginal letters: A Verschränkungen und Zusammenziehungen; B sehen wegen ihres; C oft sowohl durch; D der Freiburger Professor
- old-edition numerals: (none)
- other: Latin only, no Greek printed; editors' matter: Verschränkungen und Zusammenziehungen; woodcut palaeographical ligatures and letterforms rendered with closest Greek characters
reverendi Cunitzius Cohortationem et Orationem ad Graecos Epistolamque ad Diognetum, Eduardus Reuss vero, theologiae professor Argentoratensis, De monarchia tractatum summa diligentia cum illo codice msto contulerunt, omnes scripturas ab editionis Benedictinae textu diversas quam fieri poterat accuratissime descripserunt mihique edendas concesserunt. Qua de re quid mihi jucundius esse potest, quam his viris de re litteraria optime meritis justas ac debitas agere gratias?
reverend men Cunitz collated the Exhortation and Address to the Greeks and the Epistle to Diognetus, and Eduard Reuss, Professor of Theology at Strasbourg, collated the treatise On Monarchy with the utmost diligence with that manuscript codex, transcribed as accurately as could be done all the readings differing from the text of the Benedictine edition, and granted them to me to publish. Wherefore what can be more pleasant to me than to render just and due thanks to these men who have deserved so well of letters?
Subjungam quae praeterea ad Galliam pertinent :
I shall subjoin the things which pertain in addition to France:
VIII. Manuscriptus Stephani a me appellatur variarum ad Cohortationem ad Graecos et librum De monarchia lectionum farrago, quam Rob. Stephanus editionis suae (Lutet. 1551) calci adjecit. Pleraeque fere omnes ex codicibus Parisinis desumptae sunt. — Ad Apologias et Dialogum interdum lectiones affert Codicis Regii orae marginali ascriptas.
VIII. The Manuscript of Estienne is what I call the medley of variant readings on the Exhortation to the Greeks and the book On Monarchy which Robert Estienne added to the end of his edition (Paris, 1551). Almost all of them are taken from Parisian codices. — On the Apologies and the Dialogue he sometimes adduces readings written in the margin of the Royal Codex.
IX. Manuscriptus Pici a me Cohortationis ad Graecos translatio vocatur, quam Pico Mirandulano debemus. Adhibuit procul dubio mstum quemdam codicem ad conficiendam illam, quippe quae jam prius quam editio Stephani princeps, Argentorati (a. 1507) lucem viderit. Tales vero versiones critico respiciendas esse constat. Ac Picus quamvis interdum summo verterit arbitrio, tamen saepe efficit, de genuina Justini lectione ut queat recte judicari. Codex autem mstus quem usurpavit ad antiquiores eosdemque meliores referendus est; pertinet nimirum ad familiam Codd. Reg. 1, 2, 4 et Argentor.
IX. The Manuscript of Pico is what I call the translation of the Exhortation to the Greeks which we owe to Pico della Mirandola. Without doubt he used a certain manuscript codex to make it, inasmuch as it saw the light at Strasbourg (in the year 1507) already before Estienne's editio princeps. And it is agreed that such versions must be taken into account by a critic. And although Pico sometimes translated with the greatest licence, he nevertheless often makes it possible to judge rightly concerning the genuine reading of Justin. Moreover, the manuscript codex which he used is to be referred to the older and better ones; it belongs, namely, to the family of Codd. Reg. 1, 2, 4 and Strasbourg.
In Germania et Helvetia frustra inquisivi in permultas easque copiosissimas bibliothecas. Reperitur tantum
In Germany and Switzerland I inquired in vain into very many and most copious libraries. There is found only
X. Codex Vimariensis, membranaceus, formae quadratae, saeculo decimo quinto sextove eleganter exaratus, cujus folia, numeris a scriba non insignita a me numerantur 50. Fuit olim cujusdam Antonii Mauclercy, posthac Cornelii a Maersche, Lugd. Bat. (a. 1673), ut cognoscitur ex nota in fronte libri collocata. Ibidem aureo charactere scriptum est : Divi Justini philosophi et martyris Oratio ad Graecos. Ejusdem de monarchia Dei liber. Atramento adjungitur : Dominicus Lampsonus vertit. Uterque enim liber, et Cohortatio ad Gr. (fol. 1 — 40 b) et de monarchia tractatus (fol. 41 — 50 a), haud dubie ex Graeco quodam msto codice in linguam Latinam conversus est. Quare codicem contuli ex eoque scripturae dedi discrepantiam, in quantum fieri poterat; nam versio ipsa, elegans et oratoria, interdum liberior est, ut, quae exemplaris Graeci verba fuerint, neutiquam possis divinare. Caeterum codex mstus, quo Lampsonus usus est, ad recentiorem videtur familiam pertinere, cujus sunt codd. Regius 3 et Claromontanus bonitate Regiis 1, 2, 4 et Argentoratensi cedentes.
X. The Weimar Codex, of parchment, of square format, elegantly written in the fifteenth or sixteenth century, whose folios, not marked with numbers by the scribe, are numbered 50 by me. It formerly belonged to a certain Antoine Mauclercy, afterwards to Cornelis van Maersche, at Leiden (in the year 1673), as is known from a note placed at the front of the book. In the same place there is written in gold lettering: Address to the Greeks of the Divine Justin, Philosopher and Martyr. Book on the Monarchy of God of the Same. In ink there is adjoined: Dominique Lampson translated it. For each book, both the Exhortation to the Greeks (fol. 1-40b) and the treatise On Monarchy (fol. 41-50a), was without doubt translated into the Latin language from a certain Greek manuscript codex. Wherefore I collated the codex and gave from it the discrepancy of reading, so far as could be done; for the version itself, elegant and oratorical, is sometimes rather free, so that you could by no means divine what the words of the Greek exemplar were. For the rest, the manuscript codex which Lampson used seems to belong to the more recent family, of which are the codices Regius 3 and Claromontanus, yielding in quality to Regii 1, 2, 4 and the Strasbourg codex.
X bis. Beureri apographon, Orationem ad Graecos et Epistolam ad Diognetum continens. Siquidem Beurerus, professor Friburgensis, eumdem descripsit
X bis. Beurer's Apograph, containing the Address to the Greeks and the Epistle to Diognetus. Since Beurer, professor at Freiburg, transcribed the same—
Editors' notes and page, col. 224
Page
- running head: PHILOSOPHUS ET MARTYR 224
- marginal letters: A reverendi Cunitzius Cohortationem; B fere omnes ex; C Argentor.; D Uterque enim liber
- old-edition numerals: (none)
- other: Latin only, no Greek printed; editors' matter: reverendi Cunitzius Cohortationem; last word descri- split across column break to col. 225
- other: the word descripsit was split at the column break and stands whole here (joined on receipt); check that the English reads whole across the break into col 225
codicem atque H. Stephanus (vide supra), quemquam alium praeterea inspexit, scilicet aut eum qui hodie Argentorati asservatur aut huic certe consimillimum; nam lacunas, in Stephani exemplari obvias, persaepe in apographo iisdem explevit verbis, quae in Cod. Argentor. exstant a manu prima. Hoc autem apographon, cujus diversas lectiones Stephanus accuratiusque Sylburgius exscripserunt, nescimus ubi hodie asservetur. Forsitan Glascovii (vide infra. n. XII)? Certe etiam Epistola ad Diognetum nomine orationis appellabatur, id quod ex Stephani hujus epist. edit. p. 104 apparet.
codex as Henri Estienne (see above), he inspected some other one in addition, namely either the one which is preserved today at Strasbourg or certainly one very similar to it; for the lacunae met with in Estienne's exemplar he very often filled out in his apograph with the same words which are extant by the first hand in the Strasbourg Codex. Where this apograph, however, whose variant readings Estienne and more accurately Sylburg transcribed, is preserved today, we do not know. Perhaps at Glasgow (see below, no. XII)? Certainly the Epistle to Diognetus also was called by the name of an address, as is evident from p. 104 of Estienne's edition of this epistle.
Ad Bataviam quod attinet, invenitur
As regards Holland, there is found
XI. Codex Leidensis, chartaceus, formae quadratae, qui olim penes Isaacum Vossium fuit (in Anglia), postea vero Lugdunum Batavorum pervenit. In eo cum testibus Catalogis librorum mss. Angliae et Hiberniae (Oxon. 1697, fol. tom. II, p. I, p. 60, n. 2205) quibus astipulatur Catalogus librorum tam impressorum quam mstorum bibliothecae publicae universitatis Lugduno-Batavae (Lugd. apud Batav., 1716, fol., p. 396, n. 30; coll. Bern. de Montfaucon : Biblioth. bibliothecarum mstorum nov., Paris. 1739, fol. tom. I, p. 676), Epistola ad Diognetum insit, per litteras rogavi praestantissimum bibliothecae Leidensis praefectum Jacobum Geelium, varias mihi lectiones ex illo codice msto excerptas mitteret. Vir doctissimus, cujus praedicanda est erga me benevolentia, inter alia respondit : « Diligenter explorando persuasi mihi, Justini M. Epistolam ad Diognetum, quam cum multis aliis scriptis continet cod. Vossian. 30 (Catal. p. 396), ipsum esse exemplum quod Henr. Stephanus ex nescio quo codice descripsit, quodque editioni primae (1592) inserviit. Stephan⟨i⟩ manus est, nisi vehementer fallor; in margine ascriptae sunt eaedem conjecturae, quas Stephanum fecisse recentiores Justini editores testantur (ipsam enim editionem a. 1592 ad manum non habeo); quod autem rem conficit : in codice post Epistolam ad Diognetum sequitur Adhortatio ad Graecos, quam Stephanus una cum Ep. ad Diogn. separatim vulgavit. Partim contuli cum edit. Paris. 1742. — Nihil discriminis. Itaque non video, quid tibi scripti exempli inspectio prodesse possit. »
XI. The Leiden Codex, of paper, of square format, which was formerly in the possession of Isaac Vossius (in England), and afterwards came to Leiden. Since in it, according to the testimony of the Catalogues of the Manuscript Books of England and Ireland (Oxford, 1697, folio, tome II, part I, p. 60, no. 2205), with which agrees the Catalogue of both the Printed and the Manuscript Books of the Public Library of the University of Leiden (Leiden, 1716, folio, p. 396, no. 30; compare Bernard de Montfaucon: New Library of Manuscript Libraries, Paris, 1739, folio, tome I, p. 676), the Epistle to Diognetus is contained, I asked by letter the most distinguished prefect of the Leiden library, Jacob Geel, to send me the variant readings excerpted from that manuscript codex. The most learned man, whose kindness towards me is to be praised, replied among other things: "By diligent investigation I have persuaded myself that Justin Martyr's Epistle to Diognetus, which along with many other writings Codex Vossianus 30 (Catalogue, p. 396) contains, is the very exemplar which Henri Estienne transcribed from I know not what codex, and which served for the first edition (1592). It is Estienne's hand, unless I am greatly mistaken; in the margin are written the same conjectures which the more recent editors of Justin testify that Estienne made (for the edition of the year 1592 itself I do not have at hand); and what settles the matter: in the codex after the Epistle to Diognetus follows the Exhortation to the Greeks, which Estienne published separately together with the Epistle to Diognetus. I collated it in part with the Paris edition of 1742. — No difference. Therefore I do not see what an inspection of the manuscript exemplar could profit you."
In Anglia quoque ad Justinum adjuvandum nihil est. Exstat quidem praeter Cod. Clarom. (Cf. supra num. VI.)
In England also there is nothing for assisting Justin. There is extant indeed, besides the Clermont Codex (compare no. VI above),
XII. Codex Glascoviensis, membranaceus, formae quadratae, et anno 1453 exaratus, qui teste Haenelio (l. c., p. 790), Justini Orationes continet, sed cum nuntium de eo adhuc acceperim nullum, nescio equidem, quaenam Justini scripta voce Orationum significentur. Certe in codicibus mstis etiam Epistola ad Zenam et Serenum Orationis nomine appellatur.
XII. The Glasgow Codex, of parchment, of square format, and written in the year 1453, which according to the testimony of Haenel (loc. cit., p. 790) contains the Addresses of Justin; but since I have thus far received no report concerning it, I indeed do not know what writings of Justin are signified by the word Addresses. Certainly in manuscript codices the Epistle to Zenas and Serenus also is called by the name of an Address.
Ex Italia aliquid praesidii exspectabam. Etenim magnam mihi spem injiciebat Friedericus Blume,
From Italy I was expecting some aid. For Friedrich Blume inspired great hope in me,
Editors' notes and page, col. 225
Footnotes
(17) ‹anchor: not visible in the foot images› · call in col 225 (inferred: the note starts under col 225; the call is not in the lower parts of either column shown)
De egregia hac bibliotheca videsis Fr. Blume: Iter Italicum, tom. III, p. 122 sqq.
On this excellent library see Fr. Blume, Iter Italicum, vol. III, p. 122 ff.
(printed under page 119)
Page
- running head: 225 EXCERPTA EX PRAEFATIONE ED
- marginal letters: A psit codicem atque; B postea vero Lugdunum; C quam cum multis; D In Anglia quoque
- old-edition numerals: (none)
- other: Latin only, no Greek printed; editors' matter: psit codicem atque; first word psit split from descri- at end of col. 224; Stephan⟨i⟩ has final i lost to damaged type at right margin
referens (cfr. Bibliotheca librorum mstorum Italica; Gotting. 1834, 8, p. 157) Romae in bibliotheca Angelica (S. Agostino haberi Justinum et Athenagoram : fol. B. 1, 10. Statim commendante Goettlingio, praeceptore charissimo, Emillum Braunium, instituti Archaeologici quod Romae est secretarium, per epistolam adii, benigne ut curaret illum codicem diligenter conferendum. Doctissimus vir, cujus in me voluntas celebranda est, se rescribit inspexisse dictum codicem, at eo contineri tantummodo spuriam Epistolam ad Zenam et Serenum. In bibliotheca Vaticana se reperisse quidem codices quinque manu exaratos, eos autem minime ad genuina martyris opera pertinere. Sola bibliotheca Reginae praeberi codicem mstum (55, f. 232, a. t.), Ἀποσπάσματα ἐν τῇ δογματικῇ πανόπλιᾳ Εὐθυμίου τοῦ Ζιγαβηνοῦ complectentem; ea vero exigui esse momenti.
reporting (compare Italian Library of Manuscript Books, Göttingen, 1834, octavo, p. 157) that at Rome in the Angelica Library (Sant'Agostino) are held Justin and Athenagoras: fol. B. 1, 10. Immediately, upon the recommendation of Göttling, my dearest teacher, I approached by letter Emil Braun, secretary of the Archaeological Institute which is at Rome, that he might kindly have that codex diligently collated. The most learned man, whose goodwill towards me is to be celebrated, writes back that he inspected the said codex, but that there is contained in it only the spurious Epistle to Zenas and Serenus; that in the Vatican Library he had indeed found five manuscript codices, but that they by no means pertain to the genuine works of the martyr; and that by the Library of the Queen alone is furnished a manuscript codex (55, f. 232, a. t.), comprising Fragments in the Dogmatic Panoply of Euthymius Zigabenus, which, however, are of slight importance.
Tres omnino in Italia veri Justini exstant codices msti iique nonnisi ad Cohortationem pertinentes, quorum tamen lectiones aut emendationes inde forte colligendas arcessere nondum licuit. Sunt enim
Altogether three manuscript codices of the true Justin are extant in Italy, and those pertaining only to the Exhortation, whose readings or the emendations perhaps to be gathered from them, however, it has not yet been possible to procure. For they are
XIII. Codex Florentinus XXXII, n. IX, plut. X, in Bibliotheca Laurentiana Medicea : Sermo exhortatorius ad gentiles. Cfr. Ang. Mar. Bandinius : Catal. Codd. mss. bibliothecae Med. Laurent. varia continens opera, tom. I (Florent. 1764, fol.) p. 496.
XIII. The Florentine Codex XXXII, no. IX, pluteus X, in the Medicean Laurentian Library: Hortatory Address to the Gentiles. Compare Angelo Maria Bandini: Catalogue of the Manuscript Codices of the Medicean Laurentian Library containing Various Works, tome I (Florence, 1764, folio), p. 496.
XIV. Codex Bononiensis in bibliotheca Canonicorum regularium S. Augustini, quo continentur : 1° Athenagorae Legatio. 2° Ejusdem de resurrectione corporum. 3° Justini martyris moralis oratio : Περὶ μὲν τῆς κατὰ πρόβλημά τινων ἀλογίστου, etc. (= Epistola ad Zenam et Seren.). 4° Ejusdem Paraenesis ad Graecos. 5° Ejusdem de recta fide. 6° Origenis Epistola ad Africanum. 7° Cleomedis κυκλικῆς θεωρίας μετεώρων. 8° Heron de machinis bellicis : amanuense Valeriano Albino. Codex melioris notae videtur esse. Cfr. Joann. Mabillon : Museum Italicum, seu collectio vett. script. ex bibliothec. Italicis tom. I, p. I. (Lutet. Par. 1687, 4), p. 196; add. Bern. de Montfaucon : Diarium Italicum, sive monumentt. vett. bibliothecarum, museorum, etc., notitiae (Paris. 1702, 4), p. 407 sq.
XIV. The Bologna Codex in the library of the Canons Regular of Saint Augustine, in which are contained: 1. Embassy of Athenagoras. 2. On the Resurrection of Bodies of the Same. 3. Moral Address of Justin Martyr: Concerning the unreasoning [conduct] of certain people in the matter of a problem, etc. (= Epistle to Zenas and Serenus). 4. Exhortation to the Greeks of the Same. 5. On the Right Faith of the Same. 6. Epistle of Origen to Africanus. 7. Circular Theory of the Heavens of Cleomedes. 8. Hero On Engines of War: by the amanuensis Valeriano Albino. It seems to be a codex of better quality. Compare Jean Mabillon: Italian Museum, or Collection of Ancient Writers from Italian Libraries, tome I, part I (Paris, 1687, quarto), p. 196; add Bernard de Montfaucon: Italian Diary, or Notices of the Ancient Monuments of Libraries, Museums, etc. (Paris, 1702, quarto), p. 407 f.
XV. Codex Mutinensis in bibliotheca Ducali. 1° Clementis Alexandrini Προτρεπτικός. 2° Ejusdem Παιδαγωγός et Hymnus, ut in editis. 3° Justini ad Zenam. 4° Ejusdem contra Graecos. 5° Athenagorae Legatio. 6° Tatiani Oratio. 7° De Sibyllis. Codex mstus elegantissimus decimi saeculi membranaceus, cui consimillimus est codex in bibliotheca Regia Parisiensi numero 451 insignitus, auctore Montefalconio, l. c., p. 31.
XV. The Modena Codex in the Ducal Library. 1. Protrepticus of Clement of Alexandria. 2. Paedagogus and Hymn of the Same, as in the printed editions. 3. Justin To Zenas. 4. Against the Greeks of the Same. 5. Embassy of Athenagoras. 6. Address of Tatian. 7. On the Sibyls. A most elegant parchment manuscript codex of the tenth century, to which is very similar the codex in the Royal Library of Paris marked with the number 451, on the authority of Montfaucon, loc. cit., p. 31.
De codicibus denique mstis ad fragmentum De resurrectione, et ad Acta martyrii Justini pertinentibus adeas supra p. XXIII, (col. 212.) seq. a me exposita.
Finally, concerning the manuscript codices pertaining to the fragment On the Resurrection and to the Acts of the Martyrdom of Justin, consult what has been set forth by me above on p. XXIII (col. 212) f.
Editors' notes and page, col. 226
Footnotes
(17) ‹anchor: Angelica (S. Agostino› · call in col 226
De egregia hac bibliotheca videsis Fr. Blume : Iter Italicum, tom. III, p. 122 sqq.
On this excellent library see Fr. Blume, Iter Italicum, vol. III, p. 122 ff.
(printed under page 119; added by QA Q1)
Misprints kept as printed
- col 226: (S. Agostino haberi: the parenthesis opened before S. Agostino is not closed on the page (the call (17) follows the name); restored as printed by QA Q1 (the import had silently closed it). UNSURE: Emillum (the page may read Emilium; kept as the file has it).
Page
- running head: AEFATIONE EDITORIS IENENSIS. 226
- marginal letters: A referens (cfr. Bibliotheca; B σματα ἐν τῇ; C 1° Athenagorae Legatio.; D XV. Codex Mutinensis
- old-edition numerals: (none)
- other: Latin only, no Greek printed; editors' matter: referens (cfr. Bibliotheca