PL 54 · cols. 1018–1023

Leo the Great, Letters

Letters CX–CXI

PL 54:1018

EPISTOLA CX,

LETTER CX.

MARCIANI AUGUSTI AD LEONEM PAPAM.

Of Marcian Augustus to Pope Leo.

Ἐπιστολὴ τοῦ εὐσεβεστάτου βασιλέως Μαρκιανοῦ πρὸς Λέοντα ἀρχιεπίσκοπον Ῥώμης.

Letter of the most pious Emperor Marcian to Leo, Archbishop of Rome.

Νικηταὶ Οὐαλεντινιανὸς καὶ Μαρκιανὸς ἔνδοξοι, τροπαιοῦχοι, ἀεὶ αὔγουστοι τῷ ἀνωτάτῳ πατρὶ καὶ ἀληθινῶς σεπτῷ Λέοντι ἀρχιεπισκόπῳ.

The victors Valentinian and Marcian, glorious, triumphant, ever Augusti, to the most exalted father and truly venerable Leo, archbishop.

Τὴν μακαριότητα τὴν σὴν ταῖς συλλαβαῖς τῆς ἡμετέρας γαληνότητος σπουδαιότατα ὑγιαίνειν εὐχόμεθα, ἐξαιτοῦντες, ὅπως ἂν τὴν σπουδὴν τοῦ παντοκράτορος Θεοῦ τῇ τῶν σῶν εὐχῶν ἡμῖν παράσχοις μεσιτείᾳ, ὥστε τὴν ἵλεω καὶ εἰρηνοποιὸν αὐτοῦ μεγαλειότητα πάντα τὰ αἴσια καὶ εὐκτὰ τῇ ἡμετέρᾳ βασιλείᾳ παρασχεῖν καταξιώσῃ. Θαυμάζομεν τὰ μάλιστα, ὅτιπερ μετὰ τὴν ἐν Χαλκηδόνι σύνοδον καὶ τὰ γράμματα τῶν σεβασμίων ἐπισκόπων τὰ πρὸς τὴν σὴν θεοφίλειαν σταλέντα, δι᾽ ὧν ἅπαντα τὰ ἐν τῇ αὐτῇ συνόδῳ ἐμήνυσαν, οὐδαμῶς πάντῃ παρὰ τῆς σῆς ἁγιωσύνης τὰ τοιαῦτα γράμματα ἐξαπέσταλται, ἅτινα δηλονότι ἐν ταῖς ἁγιωτάταις ἐκκλησίαις ἀναγνωσθέντα εἰς τὴν τῶν ἁπάντων ὤφειλε γνῶσιν ἐλθεῖν· ὅπερ τινῶν ταῖς ψυχαῖς, οἵτινες Εὐτυχοῦς ἔτι καὶ νῦν τὴν κακοδοξίαν καὶ τὴν διαστροφὴν μεταδιώκουσιν, ἀμφιβολίαν πολλὴν ἐνέβαλε, πότερον ἡ σὴ μακαριότης τὰ ἐν τῇ

By the letters of our Serenity we pray most earnestly that your Beatitude may be in good health, asking that by the mediation of your prayers you may procure for us the favour of Almighty God, so that His gracious and peace-making majesty may deign to grant all things auspicious and desirable to our empire. We wonder very greatly that, after the synod at Chalcedon and the letters of the venerable bishops sent to your Godliness, by which they made known everything done in the same synod, no such letters whatever have been dispatched by your Holiness, which, being read of course in the most holy churches, ought to have come to the knowledge of all: and this has cast much doubt into the souls of certain persons, who even now still pursue the false doctrine and the perversity of Eutyches, as to whether your Beatitude [has confirmed] the things [decreed] in the […]

Editors' notes and page, col. 1018

Footnotes

(f), (g), (h) printed under this column; (f) belongs to the heading of Letter CX and (g), (h) to its Latin version in col 1017; all set in n1017

(1) ‹ἐξαιτοῦντες,› (call before ὅπως) · printed under col 1018

ὅπως ἄν. Ita ms. Vat. Male in vulg. ὅτι ἄν.

ὅπως ἄν: so the Vatican manuscript. Wrongly in the printed editions: ὅτι ἄν.

(2) ‹εὐχῶν ἡμῖν› (call before παράσχοις) · printed under col 1018

Παράσχοις. Ms. Vat. παράσχοι,, haud omnin male; refertur enim ad μακαριότητα, quod praecessit.

Παράσχοις. The Vatican manuscript: παράσχοι, not at all badly; for it refers to μακαριότητα, which went before.

(3) ‹παρασχεῖν› (call before καταξιώσῃ) · printed under col 1018

Καταξιώσῃ. In ms. Vat., καταξιώσει; sed legendum forte, καταξιῶσαι, ut et Arnoldus in margine suae editionis annotavit.

Καταξιώσῃ. In the Vatican manuscript: καταξιώσει; but perhaps καταξιῶσαι should be read, as Arnold also noted in the margin of his edition.

Page

running head: EPISTOLA CX. 1018 (across both columns of page 514, with 1017)
marginal letters: A ‹que amplectitur, multos imperitos›; B ‹Ἐπιστολὴ τοῦ εὐσεβεστάτου (Greek title)›; C ‹ἔσταλται, ἅτινα δηλονότι›; D ‹nium (in the notes, note h)›
old-edition numerals: 1181 before Ἐπιστολὴ (Greek title)
signature: none
other: the upper part of this column (from "que amplectitur" to "Herculano consule.", end of Letter CIX) is set under the col 1017 rail by the reading-order rule; this column's rail stands at the heading of Letter CX, printed across the full width, since the layer-1 reading continues in the Greek below it (the Latin version, left, is in n1017). The column ends on the whole word τῇ.

PL 54:1019

Editors' notes and page, col. 1019

Footnotes

(a) ‹profecto, ut› (in the Latin version of Letter CX) · printed under col 1019

Leonis constantiam hoc loco commendat, qua ille privilegia Ecclesiarum secundum Nicaenos canones sarta tecta servari contendens, canoni Chalcedonensi pro Constantinopolitana sede edito fortiter restitit epist. 104, 105, 106, et 107, scriptis die 22 Maii anni praecedentis; idque (quod maxime observandum est) imperator commendat, etiamsi pro hoc canone confirmando ad eumdem Leonem efficaces literas dederit superius descriptas epist. 100. Hanc observationem jamdiu ante fecit Gelasius papa in epistola ad Dardanos, qualis amplior exstat in praestantissima collectione 14 Avellana, et legitur tom. V Concil. Ven. edit, pag. 333, ubi has Marciani litteras pontifex innuens, Audiant inquit Marcianum ejusdem principem civitatis, posteaquam pro augmento urbis ipsius sacerdotis intercessor accedens, contra regulas obtinere nihil potuit, sanctae memoriae papam Leonem summis laudibus prosecutum, quod canonum regulas violari nulla fuerit ratione perpessus.

Here he commends the constancy of Leo, by which Leo, contending that the privileges of the churches be kept intact according to the Nicene canons, strongly resisted the canon issued at Chalcedon on behalf of the see of Constantinople, in Letters 104, 105, 106 and 107, written on 22 May of the previous year; and this (which is especially to be noted) the emperor commends, even though for the confirmation of this canon he had given pressing letters to the same Leo, set out above as Letter 100. This observation Pope Gelasius made long ago in the letter to the Dardanians, in the fuller form in which it survives in the most excellent collection 14, the Avellana, and is read in vol. V of the Councils, Venice edition, p. 333, where the pontiff, alluding to this letter of Marcian, says: "Let them hear that Marcian, the prince of that same city, after he had come forward as intercessor for the bishop for the aggrandizement of the city itself and could obtain nothing against the rules, pursued Pope Leo of holy memory with the highest praises, because he had by no means allowed the rules of the canons to be violated."

(b) ‹innovari. Propter› (in the Latin version of Letter CX) · printed under col 1019

Intelligit potissimum epistolam 106 ad Anatolium, quae et si satis confirmasset fidei decretum latum in Chalcedonensi, cum tamen simul contradixisset canoni pro sede Constantinopolitana, manifestata non fuit ut Leo tradit epist. 114, 115, 116, et 117. Hinc vero rumore in vulgum sparso, pontificem Chalcedonensi concilio contraria scripsisse, ita ut hac de causa ejus litterae publicatae non fuerint, Eutychiani tumultus excitarunt, occasionemque sumpsernnt dubitationis ingerendae de ipsa Chalcedonensi definitione fidei; illi enim, ut ait idem pontifex epist. 117, occasione velandae perfidiae suae infirma vel dubia videri, volunt statuta concilii, quae nulla sint consensus mei sententia roborata.

He means chiefly Letter 106 to Anatolius, which, although it had sufficiently confirmed the decree of faith passed at Chalcedon, yet because it had at the same time contradicted the canon for the see of Constantinople, was not made public, as Leo relates in Letters 114, 115, 116 and 117. From this, however, a rumour was spread among the people that the pontiff had written things contrary to the council of Chalcedon, so that for this reason his letter had not been published; the Eutychians raised tumults and took occasion to inject doubt about the very definition of faith of Chalcedon; for they, as the same pontiff says in Letter 117, "for the sake of veiling their perfidy, want the statutes of the council to seem weak or doubtful, as not having been strengthened by any declaration of my assent."

(c) ‹poterit› (in the Latin version of Letter CX) · printed under cols 1019–1020 (begins under col 1019, ends under col 1020)

A juliano quidem episcopo Coensi haec Leo didicit, ut liquet ex epist. 115, c. 2, unde etiam patet monachos Palestinos fuisse illos qui turbas commoverunt. Quod porro additur, quibus adversari noluimus, eo quia scilicet deerat ea pontificia et publica Chalcedonensi definitionis confirmatio, quae ad omne dubium amovendum requirebatur, intelligendum est de resistentia per vim et potestatem saecularem; litteris enim ad eosdem monachos datis imperatorem studuisse eos cohibere pariter et docere, certum est ex eadem epist. 115, c. 2.

Leo learned these things from Julian, bishop of Cos, as is clear from Letter 115, ch. 2, from which it is also evident that it was the Palestinian monks who stirred up the disturbances. What is added further, "whom we did not wish to oppose", namely because that pontifical and public confirmation of the Chalcedonian definition, which was required for removing every doubt, was lacking, is to be understood of resistance by force and secular power; for that the emperor, by letters given to the same monks, took pains both to restrain and to teach them is certain from the same Letter 115, ch. 2.

(d) ‹noluimus,› (in the Latin version of Letter CX) · printed under col 1020

Adverbium nondum in Latino, sicut et in Graeco οὔπω, aut aliquid simile supplere neccesarium fuit, ex sequentibus enim petitur aperta et publica confirmatio et responsio ad synodum, quae nondum missa fuerat.

It was necessary to supply the adverb nondum ("not yet") in the Latin, as also οὔπω in the Greek, or something similar; for in what follows an open and public confirmation is requested, and a reply to the synod, which had not yet been sent.

(e) ‹EPISTOLA› (in the caption of Letter CXI) · printed under col 1020

Alias 84. Quae autem antea 111, nunc 140. Scripta 10 Martii an. 453.

Elsewhere 84. The one that was formerly 111 is now 140. Written 10 March in the year 453.

(f) ‹EPISTOLA CXI› (before the address line AD MARCIANUM AUGUSTUM) · printed under col 1020

Exstat in codd. collect, 12, 18 et 24 ac in exemplari Sichardi.

It survives in the manuscripts of collections 12, 18 and 24 and in Sichard's copy.

Ancient version (Latin)

Latin version of Letter CX, continued from n1017 (printed in the left column beside the Greek, which is layer 1 under the 1018/1020 rails). Whose rendering it is: E40 reads the editors' note (f) as promising a new translation later; the editors' note (d) below says they supplied nondum in this Latin, which suggests it is their own new rendering (UNSURE). No English. litteras mittere dignabitur, per quas omnibus Ecclesiis et populis manifestum fiat in sancta synodo peracta, a tua beatitudine rata haberi. Illud profecto, ut decebat episcopum apostolicae sedis, excellenter tua sanctitas praestitit, ut ecclesiasticos canones custodiendo, nihil antiqui moris et ordinis olim constituti et ad hanc usque diem inviolabiliter observati passa sit innovari. Propter litteras autem tuae beatitudinis quae et quanta ab aliquibus facta sint poterit ab aliis tua sanctitas clarissime ediscere, quibus adversari noluimus, nondum affirmante tua in Deo charitate, catholicae fidei et verae orthodoxae Chalcedonensem synodum, omnibus consentientibus episcopis, esse obsecutam. Quam ob rem tua veneranda dignitas decretum quam celerrime emittat quo confirmare ipsam Chalcedonensem synodum manifestissime ostendat, ut ii qui exoptant invia diverticula, nullam habere possint suspicionem de judicio tuae sanctitatis. Data xv kalend. Martias Constantinopoli.

Editors' prose

SYNOPSIS. — I. Ordinationis Anatolii suspicionem per fidei ejus professionem esse sublatam. — II. Male ab eo Aetium ab archidiaconi officio esse submotum. — III. Marcianum rogat ut Anatolium ab illicitis retrahat, et faveat Juliano.

SYNOPSIS. — I. That the suspicion about the ordination of Anatolius has been removed by his profession of faith. — II. That Aetius has been wrongly removed by him from the office of archdeacon. — III. He asks Marcian to draw Anatolius back from unlawful things and to support Julian.

Page

running head: 1019 S. LEONIS MAGNI (continued across the page: EPISTOLAE. 1020)
marginal letters: A ‹litteras mittere dignabitur› (Latin version); B ‹firmare ipsam Chalcedonensem synodum› (Latin version); C below ‹CAP. I.— Quam excellenti›, at the head of the footnotes; D (none beside this column)
old-edition numerals: 1184 after ‹dignabitur,› (Latin version); 1185 before ‹EPISTOLA (e) CXI›
signature: none
other: the page's top holds the end of Letter CX, Latin version in this column, Greek (layer 1) in col 1020, the Greek's last two lines printed full width beneath both columns; the caption, sub-caption, synopsis, address line and the first line of Letter CXI stand in this column below that band, and by the col 865/866 ruling are set under the col 1020 rail after the Greek of CX ends. Calls (a)–(d) stand in the Latin version.

PL 54:1020

ἁγίᾳ συνόδῳ τυπωθέντα ἐβεβαίωσε· καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἡ σὴ εὐλάβεια γράμματα ἐκπέμψαι καταξιώσει, δι' ὧν πάσαις ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις καὶ τοῖς δήμοις φανερὰ γενήσεται τὰ ἐν τῇ ἁγίᾳ συνόδῳ πεπραγμένα παρὰ τῆς σῆς μακαριότητος βεβαιῶσθαι· ἐκεῖνο δηλαδὴ, ὡς ἔπρεπεν ἐπίσκοπον ἀποστολικοῦ θρόνου, ἐξόχως ἡ σὴ ἁγιωσύνη ἐποίησε, ὅτι τοὺς ἐκκλησιαστικοὺς κανόνας φυλάττουσα, οὐδὲν ἀπὸ τοῦ παλαιοῦ ἔθους καὶ τῆς τάξεως τῆς ποτε διατετυπωμένης καὶ ἀσαλεύτου μέχρι καὶ σήμερον διαμεινάσης ἠνέσχετο καινοτομηθῆναι.

[…] in the holy synod, confirmed; and for this reason Your Reverence will deign to send out letters, through which it will become manifest to all the churches and to the peoples that what was done in the holy synod is confirmed by Your Blessedness. That, indeed, as befitted the bishop of the apostolic throne, Your Sanctity has done excellently: that, guarding the ecclesiastical canons, it has not suffered anything to be innovated in the ancient custom and in the order once laid down and remaining unshaken even to this day.

Διὰ τὰ γράμματα δὲ τῆς σῆς ὁσιότητος οἷα καὶ ὁπόσα παρά τινων πέπρακται, δυνήσεται ἐξ ἑτέρων ἡ σὴ ἁγιωσύνη σαφέστατα καταμαθεῖν, οἷς ἀντιθῆναι οὐκ ἂν ἐβουλόμεθα, διαβεβαιουμένης τῆς σῆς θεοφιλείας, τῇ καθολικῇ πίστει καὶ ἀληθῶς ὀρθοδόξῳ τὴν ἐν Χαλκηδόνι σύνοδον, πάντων τῶν συναινούντων τῶν ἐπισκόπων, ἠκολουθηκέναι· διά τοι τοῦτο καὶ ἡ σεβασμιότης ἡ σὴ διαγράμματα τάχιστα ἐκπέμψει, δι' ὧν βεβαιοῦν αὐτὴν ἐν Χαλκηδόνι σύνοδον φανερώτατα ἐπιδείκνυσιν, ἵνα μὴ οἱ ἐπιθυμοῦντες τῶν ἀνοδιῶν δυνηθεῖέν τινα ἔχειν ὑπόνοιαν περὶ τῆς κρίσεως τῆς σῆς ἁγιωσύνης. Ἐδόθη πρὸ δεκαπέντε καλανδῶν μαρτίων ἐν Κωνσταντινουπόλει.

What sort of things and how many have been done by certain persons on account of the letters of Your Holiness, Your Sanctity will be able to learn most clearly from others, whom we would not wish to oppose, while Your Godliness [does not yet] affirm that the synod in Chalcedon, with all the bishops consenting, followed the catholic and truly orthodox faith. For this very reason let Your Venerableness also send out decrees with all speed, by which you may show most manifestly that you confirm the synod itself in Chalcedon, so that those who desire the pathless ways may not be able to have any suspicion about the judgement of Your Sanctity. Given on the fifteenth day before the Kalends of March, at Constantinople.

EPISTOLA CXI

LETTER CXI

AD MARCIANUM AUGUSTUM

To Marcian Augustus

De Aetio et Andrea.

On Aetius and Andrew.

Leo episcopus Marciano Augusto.

Bishop Leo to Marcian Augustus.

CAP. I.— Quam excellenti pietate et quam glorioso clementiae vestrae studio in integrum nuper fides Christiana revocata sit, totus mundus agnoscit, et salutis suae singulare praesidium per vos a Domino esse reparatum. Ac si quid adversum tanti operis consummationem de contrario spiritu sentitur oboriri, necesse est ut ad vestrae revocetur pietatis auxilium, quod ad custodiam catholicae veritatis divina providentia praeparavit: ut cum potestatis vestrae sit scandala etiam in longinquo nata resecare, multo magis ea quae sub vestris audent oculis surgere, non

CH. I.— With what excellent piety and with what glorious zeal of Your Clemency the Christian faith has lately been restored to its integrity, the whole world acknowledges, and that the singular protection of its salvation has been restored through you by the Lord. And if anything is felt to be arising from a contrary spirit against the completion of so great a work, it must be referred to the help of your piety, which divine providence has prepared for the guarding of catholic truth: so that, since it belongs to your power to cut off scandals arising even far away, much more those which dare to rise up under your eyes [you should] not […]

Editors' notes and page, col. 1020

Footnotes

(d) printed under this column; its call is in col 1019 (Latin version), set in n1019 (e) printed under this column; its call is in col 1019 (caption of Letter CXI), set in n1019 (f) printed under this column; its call is in col 1019 (caption of Letter CXI), set in n1019

(g) ‹esse reparatum.› · printed under col 1020

Ita Quesnellus cum Sichardo et omnibus nostris codd. Aliae editiones, forte melius, At si quid.

So Quesnel, with Sichard and all our manuscripts. Other editions, perhaps better, read At si quid ("But if anything").

(1) ‹πάσαις ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις καὶ› (Greek of Letter CX) · printed under col 1020

Τοῖς δήμοις. Addimus articulum e ms. Vat.

Τοῖς δήμοις ("to the peoples"). We add the article from the Vatican manuscript.

(2) ‹τοῖς δήμοις› (Greek of Letter CX) · printed under col 1020

Forte, φανερόν.

Perhaps φανερόν ("manifest", singular).

(3) ‹καὶ σήμερον› (Greek of Letter CX) · printed under col 1020

Διαμεινάσης. Optimam hanc lectionem ms. Vat. debes: διαμενούσης, quae lectio est vulgatorum, rejicienda.

Διαμεινάσης ("having remained"). You owe this excellent reading to the Vatican manuscript: διαμενούσης ("remaining"), which is the reading of the printed editions, is to be rejected.

(4) ‹οὐκ ἂν ἐβουλόμεθα,› (Greek of Letter CX) · printed under col 1020

Διαβεβαιουμένης. Supplendum hic aliquid necessario, puta οὔπω, vel quid simile, ut legas οὔπω διαβεβαιουμένης, etc.

Διαβεβαιουμένης ("affirming"). Something must necessarily be supplied here, say οὔπω ("not yet"), or something similar, so that you read οὔπω διαβεβαιουμένης ("not yet affirming"), etc.

(5) ‹οἱ ἐπιθυμοῦντες› (Greek of Letter CX) · printed under col 1020

Τῶν ἀνοδιῶν. Ita et ms. Vat., nisi quod caret articulo τῶν; caeterum si a recto ἀνοδια. hanc vocem deducas, ut nos fecimus in translatione, non ἀνοδίων. scribendum est, sed 'ανοδιων.

Τῶν ἀνοδιῶν ("the pathless ways"). So also the Vatican manuscript, except that it lacks the article τῶν; but if you derive this word from the nominative ἀνοδια, as we have done in the translation, one must write not ἀνοδίων but 'ανοδιων.

(6) ‹μαρτίων› (Greek of Letter CX) · printed under col 1020

'Εν Κωνσταντινουπόλει. Ms. Vat., ἐκ Κωνσταντινουπόλει; sed perperam. Si enim retineas, scribere debes deinceps Κωνσταντινουπόλεως.

'Εν Κωνσταντινουπόλει ("at Constantinople"). The Vatican manuscript has ἐκ Κωνσταντινουπόλει ("from Constantinople"), but wrongly. For if you keep it, you must then write Κωνσταντινουπόλεως.

Page

running head: MAGNI EPISTOLAE. 1020 (continuing S. LEONIS from col 1019)
marginal letters: A ‹ἁγίᾳ συνόδῳ τυπωθέντα›; B ‹τοῦτο καὶ ἡ σεβασμιότης›; C below ‹magis ea quae sub vestris›, at the head of the footnotes; D ‹(g) Ita Quesnellus› (footnotes)
old-edition numerals: 1183 after ‹γράμματα› (Greek)
signature: none
other: the last two lines of the Greek of Letter CX run full width beneath both columns (from ‹ἀνοδιῶν› to ‹Κωνσταντινουπόλει›) and are set here; the opening of Letter CXI (caption to ‹quam glo-›), printed in col 1019, is set under this rail after the Greek ends (col 865/866 ruling); the Greek note calls 1–6 are printed as superior figures (4 faint).

PL 54:1021

sinatis accrescere. Anatolii episcopi ordinationem, sicut scientia Dei testis est, suspectam (quod fatendum est) mihi fecerant consecrationis ejus auctores, nec dissimilem ab eligentibus arbitrabar electum; secutumque est ut cum communionem apostolicae sedis expeteret, diu dandis ad eum pacis epistolis abstinerem. Sed cum illi pietatis vestrae testimonium suffragaretur, et de fide atque unanimitate ejus optanda quaeque et placitura promitteret, professionem ejus ita credidi esse sinceram, ut tamen, qua observantia se agere deberet, non desinerem commonere, sedulo ipsi ac diligenter inculcans, ut de persecutoribus beatae memoriae Flaviani neminem auderet in suo habere consortio, et Eutychis haeretici sectatores tamquam inimicos Christi veraciter perhorreret. Quod adeo obedienter visus est accepisse, ut Andream diaconum Eutychianae haereseos defensorem a se indicaret esse dejectum. Secutumque est ut de his quae pro catholica fide in synodali concilio fuerant definita, talia ad me scripserit, qualia catholicum sacerdotem scribere congruebat.

[…] allow to grow. The authors of his consecration had made the ordination of Bishop Anatolius suspect to me (as must be confessed), as the knowledge of God is witness, and I judged the one elected not unlike those who elected him; and it followed that, when he sought the communion of the apostolic see, I for a long time refrained from giving him letters of peace. But since the testimony of Your Piety supported him, and he promised everything desirable and pleasing concerning his faith and unanimity, I believed his profession to be sincere, yet in such a way that I did not cease to remind him with what observance he ought to conduct himself, sedulously and diligently impressing upon him that he should not dare to have in his fellowship any of the persecutors of Flavian of blessed memory, and that he should truly abhor the followers of the heretic Eutyches as enemies of Christ. He seemed to have received this so obediently that he indicated that the deacon Andrew, a defender of the Eutychian heresy, had been cast out by him. And it followed that about the things which had been defined for the catholic faith in the synodal council he wrote to me such things as it befitted a catholic bishop to write.

CAP. II. — Cum ergo ad commendanda ipsius primordia ista praecesserint, nescio quid causae aut occasionis emerserit, ut virum catholicae fidei, et Nestorianis atque Eutychianis haereticis constanter etiam adversum, archidiaconem sub honoris specie degradaret, et dispensationem totius causae et curae ecclesiasticae in Andream Eutychianistam repente transferret: adeo nimia commotione turbatus, ut consecrationem quam pro injuria dabat, sexta sabbati, traditionis apostolicae aut nescius aut oblitus, inferret: quasi non ad episcopum magis quam

CH. II. — Since, then, these things came first to commend his beginnings, I do not know what cause or occasion has arisen that he should degrade, under the appearance of an honour, an archdeacon, a man of the catholic faith and steadfastly opposed also to the Nestorian and Eutychian heretics, and should suddenly transfer the administration of the whole business and of the ecclesiastical charge to Andrew the Eutychianist; so disturbed by excessive agitation that he imposed the consecration which he was giving by way of injury on the sixth day of the week, either ignorant or forgetful of the apostolic tradition: as if not to a bishop rather than […]

Editors' notes and page, col. 1021

Footnotes

(a) ‹secutumque est ut› · printed under col 1021

Editi ante Quesn. cum Sichardo, dum communione apostolicae sedis existeret alienus, diu dandis ad eum epistolis pacis me abstinerem. Idem legitur in mss. collect. 24, in quibus solum est, pacis meae abstinerem. Lectionem a Quesnello jure insertam ex Grimanico, de qua vide ejus not. 1, invenimus etiam in mss. Vat. 1340, et Veneto 169 collect. 12; solum in his particula dum substituitur pro cum. De epistolis pacis confer notam ejusdem 2.

The editions before Quesnel, with Sichard: dum communione apostolicae sedis existeret alienus, diu dandis ad eum epistolis pacis me abstinerem ("while he was estranged from the communion of the apostolic see, I for a long time refrained from giving him letters of peace"). The same is read in the manuscripts of collection 24, in which there is only pacis meae abstinerem ("I refrained from [the letters] of my peace"). The reading rightly inserted by Quesnel from the Grimani manuscript, on which see his note 1, we have found also in the manuscripts Vatican 1340 and Venice 169 of collection 12; only in these the particle dum is substituted for cum. On letters of peace compare the same editor's note 2.

(b) ‹suffragaretur,› · printed under col 1021

Ita melius nostri codd. collect. 12 quam in editis, cum de fide.

So, better, our manuscripts of collection 12 than the printed editions' cum de fide ("since about the faith").

Omnes editiones non solum cum mss. collect. 24 ac exemplo Sichardi, verum etiam cum Crim. collect. 18, aliquot lineas omittunt, transilientes a voce Eutychis ad vocem Eutychianae, sic: Consortio et Eutychianae haereseos; quo saltu sententia corrumpitur, et notitia sequentibus probe intelligendis necessaria adimitur. Soli duo laudati codd. collect. 12 hoc insigne supplementum nobis suppeditarunt: quibus ex Constantio, in Vindiciis veterum Patrum confirmatis, pag. 572, Remigianum exemplar, ut credimus, ejusdem collectionis 12 adjicit potest.

All the editions, not only with the manuscripts of collection 24 and Sichard's copy but also with the Grimani manuscript (printed "Crim.") of collection 18, omit some lines, leaping from the word Eutychis to the word Eutychianae, thus: Consortio et Eutychianae haereseos; by this leap the sentence is corrupted, and information necessary for properly understanding what follows is taken away. Only the two manuscripts of collection 12 cited above supplied us with this notable supplement: to which can be added, from Constant in the Vindiciae veterum Patrum confirmatae, p. 572, the Remi copy, of the same collection 12, as we believe.

(d) ‹praecesserint,› · printed under col 1021

Editi Leonis omittunt verbum nescio, quod ex mss. collect. 12 supplevimus, at praeferunt emerserit; solus Quesnellus, emersit. Editiones autem Concil., pro nescio, habent miror.

The editions of Leo omit the word nescio ("I do not know"), which we have supplied from the manuscripts of collection 12; but they present emerserit; Quesnel alone has emersit. The editions of the Councils, however, have miror ("I wonder") for nescio.

(e) ‹Eutychianis haereticis› · printed under col 1021

Ita cum vulgatis omnes nostri codd. Quesnelllus alia collocatione verborum, et alia etiam interpunctione, quae sensum mutant, habet: constanter adversum, etiam archidiaconem; et in margine pro etiam notavit legendum forte Aetium, quod emendata lectione necessarium non est.

So all our manuscripts, with the printed editions. Quesnel, with another arrangement of the words and another punctuation too, which change the sense, has constanter adversum, etiam archidiaconem ("steadfastly opposed, even the archdeacon"); and in the margin he noted that for etiam one should perhaps read Aetium, which is not necessary once the reading is corrected.

(f) ‹sub honoris specie degradaret, et› · printed under col 1022

Vide not. 3 Quesn.

See Quesnel's note 3.

(g) ‹quam pro injuria dabat,› · printed under col 1022

Confer epist. 9, c. 1, et not. 2 Quesn. in eamdem.

Compare Letter 9, ch. 1, and Quesnel's note 2 on it.

Page

running head: 1021 EPISTOLA CXI. 1022 (across the page)
marginal letters: A ‹sinatis accrescere›; B ‹pisse, ut Andream diaconum›; C ‹sabbati, traditionis apostolicae›; D (footnotes) ‹et notitia sequentibus›
old-edition numerals: 1186 before ‹suffragaretur›
signature: none
other: none

PL 54:1022

ad presbyterum ordinationis illius vitium pertineret: qui non inveniens quod argueret in fide, quod improbaret in moribus, dejectionem innocentis per speciem provectionis implevi addens in sententia illud injuriae, ut eum coemeterio deputando, quodam damnaret exsilioe. Quem tamen pietati vestro commendare praesumo, ne ullis ulterius noxiis ingravari possit insidiis, quem Dominus, ut comperi, sub vestra defensione constituit.

[…] to a presbyter the fault of that ordination pertained. He, finding nothing to censure in [his] faith, nothing to disapprove in [his] morals, accomplished the casting down of an innocent man under the appearance of promotion, adding in the sentence this injury, that by assigning him to a cemetery he condemned him to a kind of exile. Him, however, I presume to commend to Your Piety, that he may not be weighed down any further by any harmful snares, since the Lord, as I have learned, has placed him under your protection.

CAP. III. — Adjicio autem etiam hanc obsecrationem, ut praedictum episcopum a professione sua dissonum, et nimium testimonii vestri ac favoris oblitum, necessarie increpare dignemini. Cesset catholicos insectari; cesset eos qui sanctae memoriae Flaviano placuere, conterere, et eorum societatem, quos improbavit, eligere. Fraternam enim illi charitatem non aliter poterimus impendere, quam ut se inimicos catholicae fidei approbet exsecrari, ejusque a se consortium, quem merito abjecit, abscindat. Qui etiam si magna fuisset satisfactione purgatus, post dubium tamen reversus errorem, catholicis diaconibus postponi debuit, non praeponi. Illud quoque clementiae vestrae benevolentiam peto, ut veneratorem vestrum fratrem meum Julianum episcopum, in vestro, sicut facere dignamini, habeatis affectu; cujus obsequiis praesentiae meae vobis imago reddatur. Nam et de fidei ejus sinceritate confidens, vicem ipsi meam contra temporis nostri haereticos delegavi; atque propter Ecclesiarum pacisque custodiam, ut a comitatu vestro non abesset, exegi. Cujus suggestiones, pro concordia catholicae unitatis, tamquam meas audire dignemini, placentes Deo, qui vobis praeter regiam coronam

CH. III. — I add, moreover, this entreaty as well: that you deign, as is necessary, to rebuke the aforesaid bishop, who is out of tune with his own profession and too forgetful of your testimony and favour. Let him cease to persecute catholics; let him cease to crush those who pleased Flavian of holy memory, and to choose the fellowship of those whom he disapproved. For we shall be able to bestow brotherly charity on him in no other way than that he prove that he execrates the enemies of the catholic faith, and cut off from himself the fellowship of the man whom he rightly cast out. Even if that man had been cleansed by a great satisfaction, yet, having come back after a doubtful error, he ought to have been placed after the catholic deacons, not before them. This too I ask of the benevolence of Your Clemency: that you hold your venerator, my brother Bishop Julian, in your affection, as you deign to do, so that through his services an image of my presence may be rendered to you. For, trusting also in the sincerity of his faith, I have delegated to him my place against the heretics of our time; and for the safeguarding of the churches and of peace I have required that he should not be absent from your court. Deign to hear his suggestions, for the concord of catholic unity, as if they were mine, pleasing God, who besides the royal crown […]

Editors' notes and page, col. 1022

Footnotes

(f) printed under this column; its call is in col 1021, set in n1021 (g) printed under this column; its call is in col 1021, set in n1021

(h) ‹implevi addens› · printed under col 1022

Codd. collect. 24 cum editis ante Quesn., sententiae.

The manuscripts of collection 24, with the editions before Quesnel: sententiae.

(i) ‹ut eum coemeterio› · printed under col 1022

Cod. Grim., deputandum. Mox laudatae editiones cum iisdem mss., condemnaret pro quodam damnaret; cui lectioni a Quesnello inductae ex Grimanico accedunt nostri codd. collect. 12. Vide not. 4 Quesn.

The Grimani manuscript: deputandum. Next, the editions cited, with the same manuscripts, have condemnaret for quodam damnaret ("condemned … to a kind of"); to this reading, introduced by Quesnel from the Grimani manuscript, our manuscripts of collection 12 agree. See Quesnel's note 4.

(j) ‹ingravari possit› · printed under col 1022

Sichardus, aut insidiis.

Sichard: aut insidiis ("or snares").

(k) ‹sua dissonum, et› · printed under col 1022

Sic nostri codd. cum antiquis editionibus. Quesnellus, nimis. Mox pro vestri cod. Venetus habet nostri, sed perperam; nam imperator pro Anatolio testimonium dederat.

So our manuscripts, with the old editions. Quesnel: nimis ("too much"). Next, for vestri ("your") the Venice manuscript has nostri ("our"), but wrongly; for it was the emperor who had given testimony for Anatolius.

(l) ‹oblitum,› · printed under col 1022

Vide not. 5 Quesnelli. Post pauca, infestare, pro insectari apud Sichardum.

See Quesnel's note 5. A little after, infestare for insectari in Sichard.

(m) ‹ut se› · printed under col 1022

Editi, ab inimicis passiva significatione, accepto infinitivo excecrari. Melior visa est lectio nostrorum codd. collect. 12, qua idem infinitivum communiori et congruentiori significatione active sumitur.

The printed editions: ab inimicis ("by the enemies"), in the passive sense, the infinitive excecrari being so taken. The reading of our manuscripts of collection 12 seemed better, by which the same infinitive is taken actively, in its commoner and more fitting sense.

(n) ‹approbet exsecrari,› · printed under col 1022

Editiones antiquiores et exemplum Sichardi habebant: Eorumque a se consortium atque commercium abscindat. Quesnellus ex Grimanico emendavit, et recte; nam de Andrea Eutychianista, quem jampridem Anatolius ipse professus fuerat a se esse rejectum ex epistola sequenti, hic sermo est, ut quae subjiciuntur ostendunt. Eamdem lectionem probant etiam nostri codd. collect. 12 ac veteres editiones Conciliorum, ex quibus abscindat reposuimus pro abscedat, ut ille ex Grim. scripsit. In mss. collect. 24, ejusque consortium a se atque commercium abscidat.

The older editions and Sichard's copy had: Eorumque a se consortium atque commercium abscindat ("and let him cut off from himself fellowship and dealings with them"). Quesnel corrected it from the Grimani manuscript, and rightly; for the discussion here is about Andrew the Eutychianist, whom Anatolius himself had long before professed to have been cast out by him, [as appears] from the following letter, as what is added below shows. Our manuscripts of collection 12 and the old editions of the Councils also support the same reading, from which we have restored abscindat for abscedat, as he wrote from the Grimani manuscript. In the manuscripts of collection 24: ejusque consortium a se atque commercium abscidat.

(o) ‹ut› (before a comitatu vestro) · printed under col 1022

Vide not. 6 Quesn.

See Quesnel's note 6.

Page

running head: EPISTOLA CXI. 1022 (continuing 1021)
marginal letters: A ‹ad presbyterum ordinationis›; B ‹cietatem, quos improbavit›; C ‹tholicae unitatis, tamquam›; D (footnotes) ‹(m) Editi, ab inimicis›
old-edition numerals: 1187 before ‹CAP. III.›
signature: none
other: none

PL 54:1023

etiam sacerdotalem conferat palmam. Data sexto idus Martii, Opilione viro clarissimo consule.

[…] may confer also the palm of the priesthood. Given on the sixth day before the Ides of March, in the consulship of Opilio, a man of the most illustrious rank.

EIPSTOLA CXII.

LETTER CXII.

AD PULCHERIAM AUCUSTAM.

To Pulcheria Augusta.

De Aetio et Andrea.

On Aetius and Andrew.

Leo episcopus Pulcheriae Augustae.

Bishop Leo to Pulcheria Augusta.

CAP. I. — Multis extantibus documentis, quibus in dilectione Ecclesiae Dei pietatis vestrae manifestatur affectio, merito quoties aliquid nascitur scandalorum, vestrum desideratur auxilium: ut fides, quae annitentibus vobis, contra haereticorum commenta defensa est securae pacis perpetem obtineat firmitatem. Nam quid prodest foris adversarios veritatis oppressos, si eosdem habeamus intra Dominica septa redivivos? Quod itaque circa personam filii mei Aetii gestum esse cognovi, nimium me anxium facit, et metuere certa ratione compellit ne poenitendum mihi sit quod de episcopo Constantinopolitano, qui ab impugnatoribus fidei fuerat ordinatus, vobis adhortantibus, acquievi meliora sentire, cum tanto pietatis vestrae testimonio juvaretur, ne illum gravaret suae ordinationis infirmitas, ubi vestra interventio praestaretur. Unde gratulari coeperam quod beati Flaviani honorare memoriam, et haereticorum conatibus obsistere diceretur.

CH. I. — Since there are many proofs by which the affection of Your Piety in love for the Church of God is made manifest, rightly, whenever anything of scandals arises, your help is sought: so that the faith, which through your exertions has been defended against the fabrications of the heretics, may obtain the lasting firmness of a secure peace. For what does it profit that the adversaries of the truth have been overthrown outside, if we have the same men come to life again within the Lord's fold? What, therefore, I have learned has been done concerning the person of my son Aetius makes me exceedingly anxious, and compels me with good reason to fear lest I must repent that, at your urging, I consented to think better of the bishop of Constantinople, who had been ordained by the assailants of the faith, since he was helped by so great a testimony of Your Piety, so that the weakness of his ordination should not weigh upon him, once your intervention was afforded. Hence I had begun to rejoice that he was said to honour the memory of the blessed Flavian and to resist the attempts of the heretics.

Sed doleo illum, sicut praedicti lacrymabilis querela demonstrat, in deteriora mutatum, et eum nunc constituisse archidiaconum, quem ipse professus est a se esse rejectum, qui Eutychianae haereseos se apud nos prodiderat defensorem. Quem quia nunc ecclesiasticis negotiis praeposuit, propter haereticam perversitatem eidem favorem suum praestare convincitur; qui etiamsi magna satisfactione potuisset indulgentiam promereri, nequaquam debuit his qui in fide permanserant anteferri.

But I grieve that he, as the tearful complaint of the aforesaid shows, has changed for the worse, and has now made archdeacon the man whom he himself professed had been cast out by him, who had betrayed himself to us as a defender of the Eutychian heresy. Because he has now set this man over ecclesiastical business, he is convicted of granting him his favour on account of his heretical perversity; and even if that man could have earned pardon by a great satisfaction, he ought by no means to have been preferred to those who had remained in the faith.

CAP. II — Unde quia non latet clementiam vestram. quantum periculi aut per pudendam socodiam, aut per dolosam nequitiam nutriatur, dignamini episcopum ad professionem suae fidei auctoritate vestrae clementiae revocare. Non sibi has maculas superducat, nec existimationem suam quam vestro acquisivit favore

CH. II — Hence, since it is not hidden from Your Clemency how much danger is fostered either through shameful sloth or through deceitful wickedness, deign to call the bishop back, by the authority of Your Clemency, to the profession of his faith. Let him not draw these stains upon himself, nor [hold] in contempt the reputation which he acquired by your favour […]

Editors' notes and page, col. 1023

Footnotes

(a) ‹conferat palmam. Data› · printed under col 1023

In marg. editorum, v idus.

In the margin of the editions: v idus ("the fifth day before the Ides").

(b) ‹EIPSTOLA› (caption of Letter CXII) · printed under col 1023

Alias 85. Quae autem antea 112 erat, nunc 142. Scripta 10 Martii an. 453.

Elsewhere 85. The one that was formerly 112 is now 142. Written 10 March in the year 453.

Relegimus cum mss. collect. 12 et 24, nec non cum Vat. 145 atque cum exemplo Sichardi, in quibus tantum hanc epistolam reperire licuit.

We have re-read it with the manuscripts of collections 12 and 24, and also with Vatican 145 and with Sichard's copy, in which alone it was possible to find this letter.

(d) ‹documentis, quibus› · printed under col 1023

Al,. in dilectionem.

Elsewhere: in dilectionem ("into love").

(e) ‹beati Flaviani› · printed under col 1023

Al., honorare.

Elsewhere: honorare.

(f) ‹Eutychianae haereseos se› · printed under col 1023

Id Andreas vel absens per epistolam ad Leonem scriptam praestiterat, vel coram verbis, si quidem eum Romam accessisse ex hoc loco colligendum sit, ut nonnullis videtur.

Andrew had done this either while absent, through a letter written to Leo, or face to face in words, if indeed it is to be gathered from this passage that he came to Rome, as some think.

(g) ‹clementiae revocare. Non› · printed under col 1023

Nostri codd. et Sichardus, ne sibi… ne existimationem. Vulgati ante Quesn., Et ne sibi… ne existimationem.

Our manuscripts and Sichard: ne sibi… ne existimationem. The printed editions before Quesnel: Et ne sibi… ne existimationem.

(h) printed under this column and continued under col 1024; its call is in col 1024, set in n1024

Editors' prose

SYNOPSIS. — I. Andream ecclesiasticis rebus, amoto Aetio, praepositum esse conqueritur. — II. Omnia in statum pristinum restitui postulat.

SYNOPSIS. — I. He complains that Andrew has been set over ecclesiastical affairs, Aetius having been removed. — II. He demands that everything be restored to its former state.