Leo the Great, Letters

(a) ‹qui se› · printed under col 677

Ms. Vindeb. collect. 5, humiliaverit.

The Vienna manuscript of collection 5, humiliaverit.

(b) ‹EPISTOLA XV.› · printed under col 677

Scripta 21 Julii an. 447.

Written 21 July in the year 447.

(c) ‹AD TURRIBIUM› · printed under col 677

Haec epistola exstat in mss. collect. 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, Hisp., Isid. 11, 12, 18 et 20 usque ad 24. Eamdem relegimus ad codices cujuscumque collectionis, exceptis 2 et 18, quibus Quesnellus usus est. Praecipue autem memorandi sunt codd. Vat. Reg. collect. 1, Vat. collect. 3, Vindebon. collect. 5 et Vaticanus 5845, qui in additionibus continet collectionem 8 cum hi mira antiquitate et raritate caeteris praestent. Turribii porro nomen quam varie scribatur in mss. vide not. 1 Quesnelli.

This letter is extant in the manuscripts of collections 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, the Spanish, the Isidorian, 11, 12, 18, and 20 to 24. We have read it again against manuscripts of every collection, except 2 and 18, which Quesnel used. Especially to be mentioned are the manuscripts Vatican Regina of collection 1, the Vatican of collection 3, the Vienna of collection 5 and Vatican 5845, which contains collection 8 in its additions, since these surpass the others in remarkable antiquity and rarity. How variously, moreover, the name of Turribius is written in the manuscripts, see Quesnel's note 1.

(d) ‹De Priscillianistarum erroribus.› · printed under col 677

Confer Aug. haer. 70 et concilii Bracar. 1 canones.

Compare Augustine, On Heresies 70, and the canons of the first council of Braga.

(e) ‹SYNOPSIS› · printed under cols 677–678

Vulgatorum titulos qui ex collectione Hispanica derivant, ad codicum lectionem revocavimus. In tabula autem collect. 5, num. 71, quam ex Thuaneo codice Quesnellus edidit, hi tituli leguntur: Constitutio ad Turbium episcopum Asturensem super sexdecim capitulorum consulta Priscillianistarum blasphemiis in octodecim respondens capitulis; id est: I. Quod et Patris, et Filii, et Spiritus sancti unam asserunt esse personam. II De processionibus quarumdam virtutum ex Deo, quas habere coeperit, et quas essentia sui ipsa processerit. III. Ideo unigenitum dici Filium Dei, quia solus sit natus ex virgine. IV. Quod natale Christi honorare se simulent. V. Quod animam hominis divinae asserant esse substantiae. VI. Quod diabolus nunqnam fuerit bonus, nec natura ejus opificium Dei sit. VII. Quod nuptias damnent, et procreationem nascentium perhorrescant. VIII. Quod humana corpora in mulierum uteris in conceptione seminum daemonum opere figurentur. IX. Quod promissionum filii ex mulieribus quidem nati, sed ex Spiritu sancto concepti sint. X. Animas hominum, antequam insererentur humanis corporibus, fuisse in corpore, et in coelesti habitatione peccasse. XI. Quod fatalibus stellis et animas hominum et corpora astringant. XII. Quod sub aliis potestatibus partes animae, sub aliis corporis sint membra. XIII. Quod omne corpus Scripturarum canonicarum sub patriarcharum nominibus accipiendum sit. XIV. Statum corporis sub potestate siderum atque signorum pro terrena qualitate teneri. XV. Quod multos codices detestandae perfidiae praesumptione diabolica canonicos esse simulata titulaverint veritate: quodque ea quae extra canonicas Scripturas reperta fuerint, igne debeant concremari. XVI. De tractatibus Dictinii abjiciendis. XVII. De his sacerdotibus qui errantibus non resistunt. XVIII. Si descendente ad inferna Christo, caro ejus requieverit in sepulcro.

The titles of the common editions, which derive from the Spanish collection, we have brought back to the reading of the manuscripts. But in the table of collection 5, number 71, which Quesnel published from the de Thou manuscript, these titles are read: A constitution to Turbius, bishop of Astorga, on the inquiries of sixteen chapters, replying in eighteen chapters to the blasphemies of the Priscillianists; that is: I. That they assert that there is one person of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. II. On the processions of certain powers from God, which He began to have, and which He by His own essence put forth. III. That the Son of God is called only-begotten because He alone was born of a virgin. IV. That they pretend to honour the birthday of Christ. V. That they assert that the soul of man is of the divine substance. VI. That the devil was never good, and that his nature is not the handiwork of God. VII. That they condemn marriage and shudder at the begetting of those who are born. VIII. That human bodies are shaped in the wombs of women, at the conception of the seeds, by the work of demons. IX. That the sons of the promises were born indeed of women but conceived of the Holy Spirit. X. That the souls of men, before they were put into human bodies, were in a body and sinned in the heavenly dwelling. XI. That they bind both the souls and the bodies of men to the fateful stars. XII. That the parts of the soul are under some powers, the members of the body under others. XIII. That the whole body of the canonical Scriptures is to be understood under the names of the patriarchs. XIV. That the state of the body is held under the power of the stars and signs according to its earthly quality. XV. That with devilish presumption they have entitled many manuscripts of detestable faithlessness canonical, with a feigned truth: and that those things which are found outside the canonical Scriptures ought to be burnt with fire. XVI. On rejecting the treatises of Dictinius. XVII. On those priests who do not resist those in error. XVIII. Whether, when Christ descended to the lower world, His flesh rested in the tomb.

SYNOPSIS (Ex collectione Hispanica). — I. Contra Priscillianistas, qui sanctam Trinitatem, non personis, sed tantum nominibus distinguunt. — II. Adversus id quod Dei Filium posteriorem fuisse credunt quam Patrem. — III. Adversus id quod dicunt ideo unigenitum dici Christum, quia solus sit de virgine natus. — IV. De Natali Domini, quod in eo Priscillianistae jejunia celebrent. — V. Adversus id quod aiunt animam hominis ex divina esse substantia. — VI. Contra id quod aiunt diabolum ex se vel ex chao esse, et proprium [Quesn. et unus noster codd. addunt non] habere naturam. — VIII. Contra illud quod nuptias et procreationes filiorum astruant

SYNOPSIS (from the Spanish collection). — I. Against the Priscillianists, who distinguish the holy Trinity not by persons but only by names. — II. Against their belief that the Son of God was later than the Father. — III. Against their saying that Christ is called only-begotten because He alone was born of a virgin. — IV. On the Nativity of the Lord, that the Priscillianists keep fasts on it. — V. Against their saying that the soul of man is of the divine substance. — VI. Against their saying that the devil is from himself or from chaos, and has [Quesnel and one of our manuscripts add not] a nature of his own. — VIII [VII]. Against their claim that marriage and the begetting of children […]

(e) continued from col 677, set in n677.

(f) ‹XIII› (in the synopsis) · printed under col 678

Cum in editis hic titulus deesset, illum ex ingenio supplevit Quesnellus sic: Contra id quod Scripturarum scientiam subvertunt. Nos ipsum collectionis Hispanicae titulum ex mss. expressimus.

Since this title was lacking in the editions, Quesnel supplied it from his own ingenuity thus: Contra id quod Scripturarum scientiam subvertunt [Against their overturning the knowledge of the Scriptures]. We have printed the very title of the Spanish collection from the manuscripts.

(g) ‹XVI.› (in the synopsis) · printed under col 678

Ita cum editis unus noster codex. Caeteri perperam: Emendanda de libro Turribii episcopi. Cod. Vindebon. Hisp. pro episcopi habet episcopus sanctus.

So, with the editions, one manuscript of ours. The others wrongly: Emendanda de libro Turribii episcopi. The Vienna Spanish manuscript has episcopus sanctus for episcopi.

(h) ‹TURRIBIO episcopo› · printed under col 678

Cod. Vindebon. collect. 5 addit Asturiensi, legendum Asturicensi; et delet salutem.

The Vienna manuscript of collection 5 adds Asturiensi, to be read Asturicensi; and deletes salutem.

(i) ‹tradita nobis per› · printed under col 678

Hunc Pervincum nominari ab Idatio in Chronico, Quesnellus in margine animadvertit. In cod. Vindebon. Hisp. nominis proprii signum distinguitur.

Quesnel remarked in the margin that this man is named Pervincus by Idatius in his Chronicle. In the Vienna Spanish manuscript the mark of a proper name is distinguished.

(j) ‹in regionibus vestris› · printed under col 678

Duo codices et editi ante Quesn., de antiquis. Mox in Vat. Hisp., error vel morbus pro errorum morbus.

Two manuscripts and the editions before Quesnel, de antiquis. Shortly after, in the Vatican Spanish, error vel morbus for errorum morbus.

(k) ‹Nam et› · printed under col 678

Vide not. 2 Quesn., qui mox ex mss. edidit eloquitur, cum antea ex solis codd. collect. 24 legeretur demonstrant.

See Quesnel's note 2, who shortly after printed eloquitur from the manuscripts, whereas before, from the manuscripts of collection 24 alone, demonstrant was read.

(l) ‹textus eloquitur› · printed under cols 678–679

Vide not. 3 Quesn. Mox pro fetidissimam, alias foedissimam. Porro sententiam pro sentinam habent quidem plerique nostri codices collect. 1, 3, 8. Vat., Hisp. et Isid., cum mss. collect. 21, quibus etiam accedunt codices Corb. collect. 2 et Griman. collect. 18 a Quesnello laudati eadem nota 3. Nihilo tamen minus lectionem sentinam praeferunt non solum omnes vulgati, sed etiam nostri mss. libri collect. 5, 11, 12, 24, nec non ipse codex Grimanicus collect. 18 prima manu, ut idem Quesnellus fatetur, ac praecipue Vindebonensis puram continens collectionem Hispanicam, quae hanc epistolam in Hispaniam missam e puriori fonte hausisse credenda est. Hinc ab hac vulgata lectione haud discedendum credidimus, cum praesertim adjectivum fetidissimam, et sequens contextus, sentinae magis congruat quam sententiae.

See Quesnel's note 3. Shortly after, for fetidissimam, elsewhere foedissimam. Further, sententiam [opinion] for sentinam [bilge-water] is indeed in most of our manuscripts, of collections 1, 3, 8, the Vatican Spanish and Isidorian, with the manuscripts of collection 21, to which are added also the Corbie manuscript of collection 2 and the Grimani manuscript of collection 18, cited by Quesnel in the same note 3. Nevertheless the reading sentinam is offered not only by all the common editions, but also by our manuscript books of collections 5, 11, 12, 24, and also by the Grimani manuscript of collection 18 itself in the first hand, as Quesnel himself admits, and especially by the Vienna one containing the pure Spanish collection, which must be believed to have drawn this letter, sent into Spain, from a purer source. Hence we have thought that one should not depart from this common reading, especially since the adjective fetidissimam and the following context suit sentinae better than sententiae.

esse peccatum. — VIII. Contra id quod corpora humana diaboli dicunt esse figmenta, et a daemonibus in utero formari. — IX. Contra id quod filios repromissionis ex Spiritu sancto dicunt esse conceptos. — X. Contra id quod animas in coelestibus peccare credunt [Al. dicunt], et secundum qualitatem peccati in hoc mundo accipere sortem vel bonam vel malam. — XI. Contra id quod fatalibus stellis dicunt animas hominum obligatas. — XII. Contra id quod sub aliis potestatibus partes animae, sub aliis corporis membra describunt. — XIII Contra id quod patriarcharum nomina per singula corporis membra disponunt [Al. describunt. — XIV. Contra id quod duodecim signa, quae mathematici observant, per corpus omne distinguunt. — XV. De apocryphis scripturis eorumdem Priscillianorum. — XVI. De libro Dictinii [Al. Dictionii].

[…] are a sin. — VIII. Against their saying that human bodies are the devil's fashionings, and are formed in the womb by demons. — IX. Against their saying that the sons of the promise were conceived of the Holy Spirit. — X. Against their belief [elsewhere: saying] that souls sin in the heavenly places, and according to the quality of the sin receive in this world a lot either good or bad. — XI. Against their saying that the souls of men are bound to the fateful stars. — XII. Against their assigning the parts of the soul to some powers and the members of the body to others. — XIII. Against their distributing [elsewhere: assigning] the names of the patriarchs over the several members of the body. — XIV. Against their distributing the twelve signs, which the astrologers observe, over the whole body. — XV. On the apocryphal scriptures of these same Priscillianists. — XVI. On the book of Dictinius [elsewhere: Dictionius].

(l) continued from col 678, set in n678.

(a) ‹Nihil est enim› · printed under col 679

Al., sordidum. Post pauca, de omnium terrenarum opinionum luto, in antiquioribus editis et aliquibus codd.

Elsewhere, sordidum. A little after, de omnium terrenarum opinionum luto, in the older editions and some manuscripts.

(b) ‹multiplicem sibi› · printed under col 679

Al., faecem commiscuerunt. Quesn. in margine.

Elsewhere, faecem commiscuerunt. Quesnel in the margin.

(c) ‹diligentius retractentur,› · printed under col 679

Cod. Vindebon. Hisp. tunc nullus. Porro invenietur magis placuit ex praestantioribus septem nostris codicibus. Alias, invenitur. Paulo post in mss. Vat. Hisp. et Isid., non vero in puriori Vindebon. Hisp. nec in caeteris, in tenebras se adeo paganitatis immersit per magicarum artium profana secreta, et mathematicorum vana mendacia, ut religionis, etc.

The Vienna Spanish manuscript, tunc nullus. Further, invenietur was preferred, from seven of our better manuscripts. Elsewhere, invenitur. A little after, in the Vatican Spanish and Isidorian manuscripts, but not in the purer Vienna Spanish nor in the others, in tenebras se adeo paganitatis immersit per magicarum artium profana secreta, et mathematicorum vana mendacia, ut religionis, etc.

(d) ‹daemonum, et in› · printed under col 679

Ita omnes nostri codices et editi ante Quesn., qui ex duobus solis mss. Thuan. et Grim. affectu praetulit. Post pauca, pro debebitur alias debetur. Mox omniumque in ms. Vindeb. Hisp.

So all our manuscripts and the editions before Quesnel, who from two manuscripts only, the de Thou and the Grimani, preferred affectu. A little after, for debebitur, elsewhere debetur. Shortly after, omniumque in the Vienna Spanish manuscript.

(e) ‹Ad hanc insaniam pertinet› · printed under col 679

Mss. Vindebon. Hisp. et Vat. collect. 21 addunt et.

The Vienna Spanish manuscripts and the Vatican of collection 21 add et.

(f) ‹amentiam detestati sunt,› · printed under col 679

Vide not. 4 Quesn. Mox, pro cum plerisque discipulis, alias, ac plerosque discipulos ex mss. collect. 24. Dein cod. Vindeb. Hisp.: Viderunt enim... omnemque conjugiorum.

See Quesnel's note 4. Shortly after, for cum plerisque discipulis, elsewhere ac plerosque discipulos, from the manuscripts of collection 24. Then the Vienna Spanish manuscript: Viderunt enim... omnemque conjugiorum.

(g): call in col 680, printed under col 679; set in n680.

(g) ‹Profuit› · printed under cols 679–680

Voces diu ista desunt in Vat. Reg. collect. 1. Mox in Vat. Hisp., Isid. et mss. collect. 21, refugit ultiones quaerere; tamen Christianorum. In Vindebon. Hisp. refugit ultione esse quaeris tamen, etc., corrupte. Sed hinc praedictae variantis origo cognoscitur, simulque elucet perperam scriptum ultione esse quaeris pro ultiones, severis. Dein ad speratum pro ad spiritale in laudatis codd. Vat. Hisp. et Isid. atque in illis collect. 21.

The words diu ista are lacking in the Vatican Regina manuscript of collection 1. Shortly after, in the Vatican Spanish and Isidorian and the manuscripts of collection 21, refugit ultiones quaerere; tamen Christianorum. In the Vienna Spanish, refugit ultione esse quaeris tamen, etc., corruptly. But from this the origin of the variant mentioned above is recognized, and at the same time it is clear that ultione esse quaeris was wrongly written for ultiones, severis. Then ad speratum for ad spiritale in the Vatican Spanish and Isidorian manuscripts already cited, and in those of collection 21.

(h) ‹irruptio,› · printed under col 680

Conjunctionem et sententiae magis congruam a Quesnello licet expunctam, restituimus auctoritate codd. Vat. collect. 3 Vindebon., collect. 5 et Vat. Hisp. ac Isid., necnon alius Vat. collect. 24, ex quibus nonnulli plurali numero, et exsecutiones. Mox pro interclusere editi ante Quesn. interdixere. Dein in Vat. Hisp. et Isid., difficilis commeatus, et postea, ad multarum gentium subversionem.

The conjunction et, which suits the sense better, though struck out by Quesnel, we have restored on the authority of the manuscripts Vatican of collection 3, Vienna of collection 5, and the Vatican Spanish and Isidorian, and also another Vatican of collection 24, of which some have, in the plural, et exsecutiones. Shortly after, for interclusere the editions before Quesnel have interdixere. Then in the Vatican Spanish and Isidorian, difficilis commeatus, and afterwards, ad multarum gentium subversionem.

(i) ‹pars plebium› · printed under col 680

Codd. Vindebon. collect. 5 et Hisp. ac Vat. collect. 11, 21, et 24 omittunt a contagione. Dein charitas tua est in duobus mss. et antiquioribus editis pro dilectio tua.

The Vienna manuscripts of collection 5 and the Spanish, and the Vatican of collections 11, 21 and 24, omit a contagione. Then charitas tua is in two manuscripts and the older editions for dilectio tua.

(j) ‹defendenda veritas› · printed under col 680

Cod. Vat. collect. 24, fuerat. Mox doctrinae Priscilliani in Vat. Reg. collect. 1, in Vindebon. Hisp. et in duobus codd. collect. 11 et 24 cum editis ante Quesn.

The Vatican manuscript of collection 24, fuerat. Shortly after, doctrinae Priscilliani in the Vatican Regina of collection 1, in the Vienna Spanish and in two manuscripts of collections 11 and 24, with the editions before Quesnel.

(k) ‹damnatas olim opiniones› · printed under col 680

Sic omnes nostri codices, exceptis mss. Vat. collect 8 et 24, in quibus habetur septemdecim capitulis, computato, ut videtur, postremo hujus epistolae capite, quod tamen ad sedecim capitula a Turribio proposita et a Leone totidem capitibus rejecta minime pertinet. Post pauca retractemus editi ante Quesn. cum sex inferioris notae codicibus.

So all our manuscripts, except the Vatican manuscripts of collections 8 and 24, in which septemdecim capitulis [seventeen chapters] is found, counting, it seems, the last chapter of this letter, which however does not at all belong to the sixteen chapters put forward by Turribius and rejected by Leo in as many heads. A little after, retractemus in the editions before Quesnel, with six manuscripts of inferior mark.

(a) ‹qui genitus est,› · printed under col 681

Mss. Hisp. et Isid., aut qui Mox procedit pro processit apud Theodulphum lib. de Spiritu sancto.

The Spanish and Isidorian manuscripts, aut qui. Shortly after, procedit for processit in Theodulf's book On the Holy Spirit.

(b) ‹sed non› · printed under col 681

Inseruimus in ex. Vat. Reg. collect. 1. Vindeb. collect. 5, Vat. et Vercell. collect. 8, nec non Vat. Hisp. et Isid. In Vindebon. Hisp., et non in tribus, deleto sed. Post in pauca sex codd., Patripassiani non immerito. Dein Filius Patris obediens sustinuit in Vindebon. Hisp.

We have inserted in from the Vatican Regina manuscript of collection 1, the Vienna of collection 5, the Vatican and Vercelli of collection 8, and also the Vatican Spanish and Isidorian. In the Vienna Spanish, et non in tribus, with sed deleted. After a little, six manuscripts, Patripassiani non immerito. Then Filius Patris obediens sustinuit in the Vienna Spanish.

(c) ‹quae› · printed under col 681

Quesnellus cum antea editis et ms. Grim., Trinitatem Unitatis retinuit, etsi notaverit in margine Trinitatem Deitatis reperiri in novem suis codicibus, quibus alii plures nostri accedunt, inter quos Vat. Reg. collec. 1 et Vindebon. Hisp. solum pro Deitatis habent Divinitatis. Hanc autem lectionem omnino praeferendam evincit similis lectio hujus epistolae cap. 17, ubi antecedentia compendio repetuntur. Unus Barb. habet Trinitatis Unitatem.

Quesnel, with the earlier editions and the Grimani manuscript, kept Trinitatem Unitatis, although he noted in the margin that Trinitatem Deitatis is found in nine of his manuscripts, to which many others of ours are added, among which the Vatican Regina of collection 1 and the Vienna Spanish only have Divinitatis for Deitatis. That this reading is altogether to be preferred is proved by the like reading in chapter 17 of this letter, where the preceding matter is repeated in summary. One Barberini manuscript has Trinitatis Unitatem.

(d) ‹vanumque commentum› · printed under cols 681–682

Ms. Vat. collect. 8, de processione. Mox in Vulg., essentia sua. Quesnellus correxit ex omnibus suis codicibus, quibus astipulantur etiam nostri, uno excepto, in quo et per quas essentia sua.

The Vatican manuscript of collection 8, de processione. Shortly after, in the common editions, essentia sua. Quesnel corrected it from all his manuscripts, with which ours also agree, except one, in which et per quas essentia sua.

(e) ‹In quo Arianorum› · printed under col 682

Ex mss. Vindebon. collect. 5, nec non ex collectione Hisp. et Isid. aliisque codd. inseruimus quoque, satis congrue; indicatur enim, Priscillianistas non solum Sabellianis, de quibus capite antecedenti, sed Arianis quoque, licet Sabellianorum errori oppositis, suffragari. Post pauca pro genuerit unus cod. generavit, duo generarit. Dein essentiale pro, essentiae in Vindeb. Hisp.

From the Vienna manuscripts of collection 5, and also from the Spanish and Isidorian collection and other manuscripts, we have inserted quoque, fittingly enough; for it is indicated that the Priscillianists side not only with the Sabellians, of whom in the preceding chapter, but with the Arians too, though they are opposed to the error of the Sabellians. A little after, for genuerit one manuscript has generavit, two generarit. Then essentiale for essentiae in the Vienna Spanish.

(f) ‹Filius Dei. —› · printed under col 682

Duo mss. Vindebon. collect. 5 et Hisp. Tertio vero (vel autem) capitulo. Aliquando post idem codex collect. 5 cum antiquioribus Vulg., ex summo Patre progenitos. Dein in Vat. Hisp., si Christum Dominum nostrum; Isid., Dominum Jesum.

The two Vienna manuscripts, of collection 5 and the Spanish, Tertio vero (or autem) capitulo. Some way after, the same manuscript of collection 5, with the older common editions, ex summo Patre progenitos. Then in the Vatican Spanish, si Christum Dominum nostrum; the Isidorian, Dominum Jesum.

(d) continued from col 681, set in n681.

(g) ‹ostentata videri volunt› · printed under col 682

Mss. Vindeb. Hisp. et Vat. collect. 11, quasi vera. Vat. Hisp. et Isid., quasi vera. Post pauca Vulg. ante Quesn. cum nonnullis mss., dogma Cerdonis, et concordantes pro consonantes.

The Vienna Spanish manuscripts and the Vatican of collection 11, quasi vera. The Vatican Spanish and Isidorian, quasi vera. A little after, the common editions before Quesnel, with some manuscripts, dogma Cerdonis, and concordantes for consonantes.

(h) ‹de ipso est,› · printed under col 682

Al., idem est. Quidam codices Vat. cum Vindeb. Hisp., hoc est quod, ipse neque aliud est.

Elsewhere, idem est. Certain Vatican manuscripts, with the Vienna Spanish, hoc est quod, ipse neque aliud est.

(a) ‹Incommutabili enim› · printed under col 683

Sex nostri codd., nihil accidit: et dein Vulg. ante Quesn. cum quibusdam inferioris notae codd. nihil accipit.

Six of our manuscripts, "nihil accidit" ("nothing befalls"); and then the Vulgate [edition] before Quesnel, with some manuscripts of lower standing, "nihil accipit" ("receives nothing").

(b) ‹sunt caeci› · printed under col 683

Codd. Vat. Reg. collect. 1 et Vat. Hisp. atque Isid., quicumque dicunt. Vindebon collect. 5, qui cum dicunt. Dein, naturae vel animae ejus inferri in Vat. Hisp. et Isid. tribusque ali⟨i⟩s mss.

The manuscripts Vatican Regina collection 1 and the Vatican Hispana and the Isidorian, "quicumque dicunt" ("whoever say"). The Vienna [manuscript] of collection 5, "qui cum dicunt". Then, "naturae vel animae ejus inferri" ("inflicted on its nature or soul") in the Vatican Hispana and the Isidorian and three other manuscripts.

(c) ‹habeat auctorem, sed› · printed under col 683

Vat. Reg. collect. 1, cum uno Thuaneo Quesn., omnibus malis. Alius noster codex, omnibus mali. Vide not. 6 Quesn. Post pauca sex nostri codd., cum fides ea, quae est.

Vatican Regina collection 1, with one Thuanean [manuscript] of Quesnel, "omnibus malis" ("to all evils"). Another manuscript of ours, "omnibus mali". See Quesnel's note 6. A little after, six of our manuscripts, "cum fides ea, quae est" ("whereas that faith which is").

(d) ‹Quod utique› · printed under col 683

Codd., Vat. Reg. collect. 1, duo Vindeb. collect. 5, et Hisp. aliique duo Vatt. delent praepositionem in. Paulo post, sed poena substantiae delent mss. Vat. 5845 et Grimanicum.

The manuscripts Vatican Regina collection 1, two Vienna [manuscripts] of collection 5, and the Hispana and two other Vatican [manuscripts] delete the preposition "in". A little after, the manuscripts Vatican 5845 and the Grimani manuscript delete "sed poena substantiae" ("but the punishment of a substance").

(e) ‹Septimo loco› · printed under col 683

Mss. Hisp. et Isid., consequitur.

The Hispana and Isidorian manuscripts, "consequitur" ("follows next").

(f) ‹conjugalem capulam detestantur;› · printed under col 683

In Vat. Hisp. et Isid., tribusque aliis mss., quia est illic libertas turpitudinis, ubi non pudor et matrimonii servatur, et sobolis. Editi ante Quesnellum sequuntur lectionem textus exceptis verbis et sobolis, quorum loco habent et spes sobolis.

In the Vatican Hispana and the Isidorian, and in three other manuscripts, "quia est illic libertas turpitudinis, ubi non pudor et matrimonii servatur, et sobolis" ("because there is licence for shamefulness there, where neither the modesty of matrimony nor of offspring is preserved"). The editions before Quesnel follow the reading of the text, except for the words "et sobolis", in place of which they have "et spes sobolis" ("and the hope of offspring").

(g) called in col 684, printed under col 683 (continuing under col 684): set in n684.

(g) ‹humanorum corporum› · printed under cols 683–684

Vindebon. collect. 5, dicere diaboli esse figmentum. Vat. collect. 3 cum antea Vulgat., diaboli dicere esse figmentum. Mox Vat. Reg. collect. 1, ope daemonum. Hisp. et Isid., per daemones. In antiquiori autem Vindebon. Hisp., per daemonum, corrupte, ubi per scriptum apparet ex opere vel opera, ut in aliis codd. legitur.

The Vienna [manuscript] of collection 5, "dicere diaboli esse figmentum" ("to say [it] is a fabrication of the devil"). Vatican collection 3, with the Vulgate [edition] earlier, "diaboli dicere esse figmentum". Next, Vatican Regina collection 1, "ope daemonum" ("by the help of demons"). The Hispana and the Isidorian, "per daemones" ("by demons"). But in the older Vienna Hispana, "per daemonum", corruptly, where "per" is evidently written from "opere" or "opera", as is read in other manuscripts.

(h) ‹quia› · printed under col 684

Ita codd. septem a Quesn. laudati in margine, et nostri multo plures cum editione Surii et Nicolini. Al., concreatio. Mox dignitati delent mss. Grim. et Thuan. ejusdem Quesn.

So seven manuscripts cited by Quesnel in the margin, and many more of ours, with the edition of Surius and of Nicolini. Others, "concreatio" ("co-creation"). Next, the Grimani manuscript and the Thuanean one of the same Quesnel delete "dignitati".

(i) ‹nascitur,› · printed under col 684

Mss. Vat. Hisp. et Isid. cum tribus aliis, ad illam conditionem. Paulo post ex mss. Vindebon. collect. 5 et Vat., Hisp. et Isid., revocavimus lectionem editorum ante Quesn., substantia cujus loco Quesnellus. Dein substantiam, et in margine: Al., subsistentia. Dein manente quidem in illo, in Vat. 5845.

The Vatican Hispana and Isidorian manuscripts, with three others, "ad illam conditionem" ("to that creation"). A little after, from the Vienna manuscript of collection 5 and the Vatican, Hispana and Isidorian, we have restored the reading of the editors before Quesnel, "substantia", in place of which Quesnel [has] "substantiam", and in the margin: others, "subsistentia". Then "manente quidem in illo" in Vatican 5845.

(j) ‹subveniente, quo› · printed under col 684

Quesnellus ex Spiritu sancto. Restituimus vulgatam lectionem, quippe quam codd, praestantissimi Vat. Reg. colect. 1, Vindebon. collect. 5, nec non Hisp. et Isid. cum tribus aliis Vatt. confirmant.

Quesnel, "ex Spiritu sancto" ("of the Holy Spirit"). We have restored the common reading, since the most excellent manuscripts, Vatican Regina collection 1 and Vienna collection 5, and also the Hispana and the Isidorian with three other Vatican [manuscripts], confirm it.

(k) ‹inseruntur fuisse› · printed under cols 684–685

Editi ante Quesn. cum plerisque etiam vetustis codd., in corpore, sed perperam, ut Quesnellus optime statuit not. 7. Emendationem ejus, quam reperit in tribus tantum mss. Thuan. et Trecopith. collect. 5, et Heravall. Isidori collect. 12, nos confirmamus aliis codicibus Vat. collect 3, Vindebon. collect. 5, Vercell. et Vat. 1353 collect. 8, alio Vat. est Veneto S. Marci collect. 12, et Vat. Ottobon. 297 collect. 23. Paulo post ob hoc deest in Vat. collect. 24. Post pauca Vat.. Hisp. et Isid., cum tribus aliis, in suae qualitatis principes incidisse, et per aereas ac sidereas potestates alias in diversis corporibus esse conclusas. Vindeb. Hisp., in se qualitatis... alias inversis corporibus; caetera ut in lectione praecedenti.

The editions before Quesnel, with most manuscripts, even old ones, "in corpore" ("in a body"), but wrongly, as Quesnel very well established in note 7. His emendation, which he found in only three manuscripts, the Thuanean and the Pithou manuscript of Troyes of collection 5, and the Herouval manuscript of the Isidorian collection 12, we confirm with other manuscripts: Vatican collection 3, Vienna collection 5, the Vercelli and Vatican 1353 of collection 8, another Vatican [manuscript] and the Venetian of St Mark of collection 12, and Vatican Ottoboni 297 of collection 23. A little after, "ob hoc" is missing in Vatican collection 24. Shortly after, the Vatican Hispana and the Isidorian, with three others, "in suae qualitatis principes incidisse, et per aereas ac sidereas potestates alias in diversis corporibus esse conclusas" ("to have fallen upon principalities of their own quality, and through the powers of the air and the stars to have been shut up, some in different bodies"). The Vienna Hispana, "in se qualitatis... alias inversis corporibus"; the rest as in the preceding reading.

(k) continued from col 684, set in n684.

(a) ‹priusquam suis› · printed under col 685

Vat. Reg., inspirentur.

Vatican Regina, "inspirentur" ("are breathed into", present subjunctive).

(b) ‹Quicumque› · printed under col 685

Ms. Vindeb. Hisp. debet enim.

The Vienna Hispana manuscript lacks "enim".

(c) ‹(Gal. III, 27, 28).› · printed under col 685 (the call is printed "(e)" in the text)

Vat. collect. 24, Quid enim agunt. Dein mobiles status in Vindebon. collect. 5. Postea fecit aequales in Vindeb. Hisp. et duobus Vatt. collect. 21.

Vatican collection 24, "Quid enim agunt" ("For what do [they] do"). Then "mobiles status" ("changeable states") in the Vienna [manuscript] of collection 5. Afterwards, "fecit aequales" ("made equal") in the Vienna Hispana and two Vatican [manuscripts] of collection 21.

(d) ‹miseri esse non possunt› · printed under col 685

Codd. Vat., Hisp. et Isid., cum tribus aliis praemisso puncto, sic praeferunt. Quot (al., quod apostolicum illud in omni tentatione monet (al., docet) dicens: Quis nos, etc. Dein iidem codd. et Vindeb. Hisp., mortificamur pro morte afficimur.

The Vatican Hispana and Isidorian manuscripts, with three others, putting a full stop before, present it thus: "Quot" (others, "quod") "apostolicum illud in omni tentatione monet" (others, "docet") "dicens: Quis nos", etc. ("[That is] what that apostolic word counsels [others: teaches] in every temptation, saying: Who shall …"). Then the same manuscripts and the Vienna Hispana, "mortificamur" ("we are mortified") for "morte afficimur".

(e) ‹nihil de bonis› · printed under col 685

Ms. Vat. collect. 83, aliud collect., et codd. collect. 24, cum antiquioribus editis, corporalibus, Post pauca, quia patientia, in Vindebon. Hisp.

The Vatican manuscript of collection 83 [sic], another of the collection, and the manuscripts of collection 24, with the older editions, "corporalibus" ("bodily"). Shortly after, "quia patientia" ("because by patience") in the Vienna Hispana.

(f) ‹blasphemia est, qua› · printed under cols 685–686

Ms. Vindebon. Hisp. fataliter. Dein, ut homines paganorum erroribus in mss. Vat., Hisp. et Isid., ac tribus aliis codd. In Vindebon. Hisp., ut hominibus, ex quo emendatum posterius in laudatis codicibus, ut homines.

The Vienna Hispana manuscript, "fataliter" ("fatally"). Then "ut homines paganorum erroribus" ("that men … in the errors of the pagans") in the Vatican Hispana and Isidorian manuscripts and three other manuscripts. In the Vienna Hispana, "ut hominibus", from which the later emendation in the manuscripts cited, "ut homines".

(f) continued from col 685, set in n685.

(g) ‹in Ecclesia catholica› · printed under col 686

Codd. Hisp. et Isid. cum Vat. collect. 24, locus sit. Mox, quoniam quisquis talibus persuasionibus sit deditus in quinque nostris codicibus inferioris notae.

The Hispana and Isidorian manuscripts, with Vatican collection 24, "locus sit" ("let there be a place", subjunctive). Next, "quoniam quisquis talibus persuasionibus sit deditus" ("since whoever is given over to such persuasions") in five of our manuscripts of lower standing.

(h) ‹statuunt, quibus› · printed under col 686 (the call is printed "(e)" in the text)

Duo Vatt. mss. collect. 21, et diversa signa. Mox, subjiciuntur in duobus Vindebonensibus.

Two Vatican manuscripts of collection 21, "et diversa signa" ("and diverse signs"). Next, "subjiciuntur" ("are subjected", indicative) in two Vienna manuscripts.

(i) ‹per philosophiam et inanem› · printed under col 686 (the note is lettered "(j)")

Unus Vat., gloriam. In textu sequenti uterque codex Hisp, et Vat. Isid., totum corpus compactum et conjunctione subministratum.

One Vatican [manuscript], "gloriam" ("glory"). In the text following, both manuscripts, the Hispana and the Vatican Isidorian, "totum corpus compactum et conjunctione subministratum" ("the whole body compacted and supplied by joining").

(j) ‹Sed haec› · printed under col 686

Ita omnes codd. Quesn. et nostri, excepto Vat. collect. 24, in quo cum anterioribus vulgatis operta sunt. Post pauca, de quibus Apostolus loquitur dicens, in Vat. Reg. collect. 1, in Vindebon. collect. 5, in Hisp. et Isid., ac tribus aliis codicibus.

So all the manuscripts of Quesnel and ours, except Vatican collection 24, in which, with the earlier printed editions, "operta sunt" ("are hidden"). Shortly after, "de quibus Apostolus loquitur dicens" ("of whom the Apostle speaks, saying") in Vatican Regina collection 1, in the Vienna [manuscript] of collection 5, in the Hispana and the Isidorian, and in three other manuscripts.

(k) ‹Nihil itaque› · printed under col 686

Mss. Vat. collect. 21, vobiscum. Mox communicabunt pro commune habeant in Vat. Hisp. et Isid. codd., qui paulo post omittunt credere et. Vindebonensis Hisp. delet vel credere.

The Vatican manuscripts of collection 21, "vobiscum" ("with you"). Next, "communicabunt" ("they shall share") for "commune habeant" in the Vatican Hispana and Isidorian manuscripts, which a little after omit "credere et". The Vienna Hispana deletes "vel credere".

(l) ‹Christi resolvunt:› · printed under cols 686–687

Duo mss. Vatt. collect. 21 et Justelli codex a Labbeo citatus, quia sicut dignum fuit integrum hominem suscipi, sic dignum erat integrum hominem liberari. Idem legitur in Vat. Hisp. et Isid., hac exceptione quod per errorem primo loco habent, sicut indignum.

Two Vatican manuscripts of collection 21 and Justel's manuscript cited by Labbe, "quia sicut dignum fuit integrum hominem suscipi, sic dignum erat integrum hominem liberari" ("because just as it was fitting for the whole man to be taken up, so it was fitting for the whole man to be set free"). The same is read in the Vatican Hispana and the Isidorian, with this exception, that in the first place they have by mistake "sicut indignum".

(l) continued from col 686, set in n686.

(a) ‹in horum vocabulis› · printed under col 687

Vat. Hisp. et Isid., dedicentur. Vindebon. Hisp., dicentur.

The Vatican Hispana and the Isidorian, "dedicentur" ("are dedicated"). The Vienna Hispana, "dicentur" ("will be called").

(b) ‹sapientia, quae novit› · printed under col 687

In codd. Vat. Hisp. et Isid. deletur verae. Mox pro inconvertibilem cod. Vat. collect, 24 et editio Rainaudi 1671 habent incorruptibilem.

In the Vatican Hispana and Isidorian manuscripts "verae" is deleted. Next, for "inconvertibilem" the Vatican manuscript of collection 24 and Raynaud's edition of 1671 have "incorruptibilem" ("incorruptible").

(c) ‹Quae utique› · printed under col 687

Ita cum Quesn. nostri codices. Alias, si divinae esset essentiae. Post pauca pro voce incomparabiliter a Quesnello recepta plerique nostri codices habent cum anterioribus vulgatis ineffabiliter. At congruentiorem lectionem excludere ausi non sumus, quae praefertur in antiquissimo Vat. 5845. Mox cod. Vercell., aliud est Creator. Duo Vatt. cum editis ante Quesn., aliud Creator est, aliud creatura. Sub finem capitis datum pro donatum in antiquissimo Vat. collect. 8 et alio Vat. collect. 24 cum vetustioribus editionibus.

So our manuscripts, with Quesnel. Elsewhere, "si divinae esset essentiae". Shortly after, for the word "incomparabiliter" adopted by Quesnel, most of our manuscripts, with the earlier printed editions, have "ineffabiliter" ("ineffably"). But we have not dared to exclude the more fitting reading, which is presented in the very ancient Vatican 5845. Next, the Vercelli manuscript, "aliud est Creator". Two Vatican [manuscripts], with the editions before Quesnel, "aliud Creator est, aliud creatura". Towards the end of the chapter, "datum" for "donatum" in the very ancient Vatican [manuscript] of collection 8 and another Vatican of collection 24, with the older editions.

(d) ‹in ipsis Scripturis› · printed under col 687

Vat. Hisp. et Isid., inter divinam, vel terrenam, humanamque naturam. Post nonnulla seruntur pro disseruntur in Vat. 5845.

The Vatican Hispana and the Isidorian, "inter divinam, vel terrenam, humanamque naturam" ("between the divine, or the earthly and human, nature"). After some words, "seruntur" ("are sown") for "disseruntur" in Vatican 5845.

(e) called in col 688, printed under col 687: set in n688.

(e) ‹detestatur: quia› · printed under col 687

Cod. Vindebon. collect. 5, et nostrorum veracium testium. Alius Vindebon. Hisp. et unus Vat., testimonium pro testium. Deinde mss. Vatt. collect. 21 et 24 cum antiquioribus editis, titulantur.

The Vienna manuscript of collection 5, "et nostrorum veracium testium" ("and of our truthful witnesses"). Another, the Vienna Hispana, and one Vatican [manuscript], "testimonium" ("testimony") for "testium". Then the Vatican manuscripts of collections 21 and 24, with the older editions, "titulantur" ("are entitled", indicative).

(f) ‹multarum habent› · printed under col 688

Vat. cod. collect. 3 et in decreto de Apocryphis, quod ex hoc loco sumptum in appendice dabimus, semina Vat. Reg. collect. 1 et Vindebon. Hisp., seminaria. Dein intercidendae pro interdicendae in mss. Grim. et Vict. Quesnelli.

The Vatican manuscript of collection 3, and in the decree on the Apocrypha, which was taken from this passage and which we shall give in the appendix, "semina" ("seeds"); Vatican Regina collection 1 and the Vienna Hispana, "seminaria" ("seed-beds"). Then "intercidendae" ("to be cut off") for "interdicendae" in Quesnel's Grimani and Saint-Victor manuscripts.

(g) ‹vacua sunt venenis,› · printed under col 688

Vat. Hisp. et Isid., sed per fabularum. Vindebon. collect. 5, et per famulorum. Paulo post, pro narratione, tres Vatt. cod., narrationibus. Mox in Vat. 5845, seducti laqueis implicentur erroris. Tres codd. in decreto de Apocryphis, seducti laqueis cujuscumque erroris implicentur.

The Vatican Hispana and the Isidorian, "sed per fabularum" ("but through … of fables"). The Vienna [manuscript] of collection 5, "et per famulorum" ("and through … of servants"). A little after, for "narratione", three Vatican manuscripts, "narrationibus" ("narrations"). Next in Vatican 5845, "seducti laqueis implicentur erroris" ("being seduced, they are entangled in the snares of error"). Three manuscripts, in the decree on the Apocrypha, "seducti laqueis cujuscumque erroris implicentur" ("being seduced, they are entangled in the snares of every sort of error").

(h) ‹apocrypha haberi› · printed under col 688

In mss. collect. 21 et in decreto de Apocryphis deest per domos. Deinde corrupti pro vitiati in Vat. Hisp. Isid. et quatuor aliis codicibus, atque in editis ante Quesn.

In the manuscripts of collection 21 and in the decree on the Apocrypha "per domos" ("in houses") is missing. Then "corrupti" ("corrupted") for "vitiati" in the Vatican Hispana and Isidorian and four other manuscripts, and in the editions before Quesnel.

(i) ‹De Dictinii scriptis. —› · printed under col 688

Vat. Hisp. et I⟨s⟩id.: Post hoc prodidit justa querimonia. Mox, pro Dictinii, Quesn. in margine: Al., Dicticinii. De Dictinio autem ejusque tractatibus vide not. 8 Quesn. et observationes quas eidem subjiciemus. Dein, qui si aliquid in Vat. Hisp. et Isid., pro cum si aliquid.

The Vatican Hispana and the Isidorian: "Post hoc prodidit justa querimonia" ("After this a just complaint brought to light"). Next, for "Dictinii", Quesnel in the margin: others, "Dicticinii". On Dictinius and his treatises see Quesnel's note 8 and the observations which we shall append to it. Then "qui si aliquid" in the Vatican Hispana and the Isidorian, for "cum si aliquid".

(j) ‹non quod› · printed under col 688

Dictinii correctio Toletano I subjicitur, eamque vindicabimus in observat, ad not. 8 Quesnelli. Mox pro impune laudati codices Vat. Hisp. et Isid., imponere. Dein pro scriptis alias scripturis.

The correction of Dictinius is appended to [the Council of] Toledo I, and we shall vindicate it in the observations on Quesnel's note 8. Next, for "impune", the cited manuscripts, the Vatican Hispana and the Isidorian, "imponere". Then, for "scriptis", elsewhere "scripturis".

(a) ‹auctore damnatis.› · printed under col 689

Iidem codd., Ne sit; et postea, ne sub velamine. Deinde omittunt cordis, et post pauca, pro dum se nostros, habent cum Vindebon. Hisp., dum sensus nostros.

The same manuscripts, "Ne sit"; and afterwards, "ne sub velamine". Then they omit "cordis", and shortly after, for "dum se nostros", they have, with the Vienna Hispana, "dum sensus nostros" ("while [they feign] our opinions").

(b) ‹cum quod› · printed under col 689

Sic ex Vat. Reg. collect. 1 Vindebon., collect. 5 utrisque Hisp. et Vat. Isid., ac tribus aliis codd. Quesnellus isti, ut in aliis mss. reperimus. Alii editi, isti recipiendo corrumpunt, illi abdicando impugnant. Merlinus, isti abdicando impugnant, illi recipiendo corrumpunt. Praetulimus lectionem potiorum codicum, qua isti vetus Testamentum recipientes Priscillianistae intelliguntur, de quibus paulo ante Leo scripsit: Isti se suscipere simulant; vox autem illi ad Manichaeos refertur.

So from Vatican Regina collection 1, the Vienna [manuscript] of collection 5, both Hispana manuscripts and the Vatican Isidorian, and three other manuscripts. Quesnel [has] "isti", as we have found in other manuscripts. Other editions, "isti recipiendo corrumpunt, illi abdicando impugnant". Merlin, "isti abdicando impugnant, illi recipiendo corrumpunt". We have preferred the reading of the better manuscripts, by which "isti" is understood of the Priscillianists who receive the Old Testament, of whom Leo wrote a little before: "Isti se suscipere simulant"; while the word "illi" refers to the Manichaeans.

(c) ‹tanto diligentius› · printed under col 689

Alias, occultantur.

Elsewhere, "occultantur" ("are concealed").

(d) ‹ad dilectionem› · printed under col 689

Ita antiquissimi codd. Vat. Reg. collect. 1, alius Vat. collect. 3, Vindebon. duo collect. 5 et Hisp. cum editis ante Quesn., cohaeretque cum aliis similibus hujus epistolae locis. Quesnellus, vestram, ut alii codices hoc loco exhibent. Post pauca ineptissima pro incestissima in cod. Vercellenti collect. 8.

So the very ancient manuscripts Vatican Regina collection 1, another Vatican of collection 3, two Vienna [manuscripts] of collection 5, and the Hispana, with the editions before Quesnel; and it agrees with other similar passages of this letter. Quesnel, "vestram" ("your", plural), as other manuscripts show in this place. Shortly after, "ineptissima" ("most absurd") for "incestissima" in the Vercelli manuscript of collection 8.

(e) ‹vulgatum est.› · printed under col 689

Vat. Reg. collect. 1, utrique Hisp. et Vat. Isid., et qui per omnia sunt in impietate sensuum pares. Vindebon. collect. 5 omittit enim.

Vatican Regina collection 1, both Hispana manuscripts and the Vatican Isidorian, "et qui per omnia sunt in impietate sensuum pares" ("and those who in all things are equal in the impiety of their opinions"). The Vienna [manuscript] of collection 5 omits "enim".

(f) ‹dissimiles.› · printed under cols 689–690

Vat. Hisp. et Isid. cum tribus aliis mss., Discussis itaque.

The Vatican Hispana and the Isidorian, with three other manuscripts, "Discussis itaque" ("Having thus examined").

(f) continued from col 689, set in n689.

(g) ‹QUA CONSCIENTIA› · printed under col 690

Vindeb. Hisp., honorem sibi sacerdotii praestitum. Vat. Hisp., honorem sibi praesulum vindicant. Alias in vulgatis debitum pro praestitum.

The Vienna Hispana, "honorem sibi sacerdotii praestitum" ("the honour of the priesthood bestowed on them"). The Vatican Hispana, "honorem sibi praesulum vindicant" ("they claim for themselves the honour of prelates"). Elsewhere in the printed editions "debitum" ("due") for "praestitum".

(h) ‹septa non claudunt.› · printed under col 690

Vat. Hisp. et Isid., et in margine editionis Labbeanae, Ferae insidiantur.

The Vatican Hispana and the Isidorian, and in the margin of Labbe's edition, "Ferae insidiantur" ("Wild beasts lie in wait").

(i) ‹remedia nulla prospiciunt. Cum› · printed under col 690

In iisdem codd. et in Vindeb. collect. 5 omittitur autem. Dein subscriptionibus suis delent codices Grim. et Thuan. tres Quesnelli. Mox se abest a codd. Vat. Reg., utrisque Hisp. Vat., Isid. et tribus aliis mss.

In the same manuscripts and in the Vienna [manuscript] of collection 5 "autem" is omitted. Then Quesnel's three manuscripts, the Grimani and the Thuanean, delete "subscriptionibus suis". Next, "se" is absent from the manuscripts Vatican Regina, both Hispana manuscripts, the Vatican, the Isidorian, and three other manuscripts.

(j) ‹de parte› · printed under col 690

Mss. Vindeb. collect. 5 et Vat. collect. 11, sint.

The Vienna manuscript of collection 5 and the Vatican of collection 11, "sint" (subjunctive).

(k) ‹In eo vero quod› · printed under col 690

Addidimus praepositionem in cum Vat. Reg. duobus Vindebonensibus, ac tribus aliis Vatt. Labbeus ex cod. Justelli: Jam vero quod in extrema.

We have added the preposition "in" with Vatican Regina, two Vienna manuscripts, and three other Vatican [manuscripts]. Labbe, from Justel's manuscript: "Jam vero quod in extrema" ("Now as to what in the last …").

(l) ‹caro mea› · printed under col 690

Cod. Vat. Reg., requiescit; et mox idem ms. una cum Vindebon. collect. 5, non derelinquis.

The Vatican Regina manuscript, "requiescit" ("rests"); and next the same manuscript, together with the Vienna [manuscript] of collection 5, "non derelinquis" ("Thou dost not leave").

(m) ‹manifestum est,› · printed under col 690

Idem Vindebon., quod caro Christi; Vat. Hisp. et Isid., quod caro Christi et in sepulcro requievit.

The same Vienna [manuscript], "quod caro Christi" ("that the flesh of Christ"); the Vatican Hispana and the Isidorian, "quod caro Christi et in sepulcro requievit" ("that the flesh of Christ both rested in the tomb").

(n) ‹resurrectionis auferant veritatem.› · printed under col 690

In Vat., Hisp. et Isid., alioque Vat. collect 11 nec non in ms. libro, quem Labbeus laudat, sic legitur: Habeantur ergo inter vos epistolae et ad concilium in eum locum, etc. Al., in unum locum. Vindeb. Hisp. praefert solum Habeantur; et hinc forte posteriores amanuenses ejusdem collectionis pro episcopale emendarunt epistolae, etc.

In the Vatican Hispana and the Isidorian, and in another Vatican [manuscript] of collection 11, and also in the manuscript book which Labbe cites, it reads thus: "Habeantur ergo inter vos epistolae et ad concilium in eum locum", etc. ("Let letters therefore be held among you, and to a council at that place …"). Others, "in unum locum" ("at one place"). The Vienna Hispana presents only "Habeantur"; and hence perhaps later copyists of the same collection emended "episcopale" to "epistolae", etc.

(a) ‹humanam societatem› · printed under col 691

Ita Quesnellus cum septem suis codd. et cum editionibus Nicolini, ac Surii, quibus concinunt plerique nostri. Duo enim tantummodo excipiendi sunt: Vat. 5845, in quo habetur pudor sanctitatis sustollitur, et Vat. collect. 24 qui cum mss. Grimanico et vulgatis ante Quesn. praefert: pudoris justi verecundia tollitur, conjugiorum foedera auferuntur.

So Quesnel with seven of his manuscripts and with the editions of Nicolini and of Surius, with which most of ours agree. For only two are to be excepted: Vatican 5845, in which is found "pudor sanctitatis sustollitur" ("the modesty of sanctity is taken away"), and Vatican collection 24, which, with the Grimani manuscript and the editions before Quesnel, presents: "pudoris justi verecundia tollitur, conjugiorum foedera auferuntur" ("the reverence of just modesty is taken away, the bonds of marriages are removed").

(b) ‹carnis natura damnatur,› · printed under col 691

Vat., Hisp. et Isid., veri Dei cultus interdicitur, Trinitas Deitatis, etc. Tres codices, quos Quesnellus vidit, et duo nostri Vaticani, necnon alius apud Labbeum cum editis ad marginem: verus Dei cultus interdicitur, etc. Vindeb. Hisp., Contra verum Dei cultum, etc. Alius Vindeb. collect. 5. Trinitas Deitatis, negata personarum proprietate, confunditur.

The Vatican Hispana and the Isidorian, "veri Dei cultus interdicitur, Trinitas Deitatis", etc. ("the worship of the true God is forbidden, the Trinity of the Godhead …"). Three manuscripts which Quesnel saw, and two Vatican ones of ours, and also another in Labbe with the editions in the margin: "verus Dei cultus interdicitur", etc. ("the true worship of God is forbidden"). The Vienna Hispana, "Contra verum Dei cultum", etc. Another Vienna [manuscript] of collection 5: "Trinitas Deitatis, negata personarum proprietate, confunditur" ("the Trinity of the Godhead is confused, the distinctness of the persons being denied").

(c) ‹proprietas confunditur,› · printed under col 691

Idem Vindebon. collect. 5, duo Vatt., Hisp. et Isid., unus Vercell., cum tribus aliis nostris mss. et quatuor a Quesn. in margine indicatis, animabus humanis divina essentia datur.

The same Vienna [manuscript] of collection 5, two Vatican ones, the Hispana and the Isidorian, one Vercelli manuscript, with three other manuscripts of ours and four indicated by Quesnel in the margin, "animabus humanis divina essentia datur" ("a divine essence is given to human souls").

(d) ‹idemque› · printed under col 691

Duo codd. Vatt. collect. 21, nec veri Dei proles, nec verus filius Virginis asseritur.

Two Vatican manuscripts of collection 21, "nec veri Dei proles, nec verus filius Virginis asseritur" ("is asserted to be neither the offspring of the true God nor the true son of the Virgin").

(e), (f), (g) called in col 692, printed under col 691 ((g) continuing under col 692): set in n692.

(e) ‹Lusitanos, atque› · printed under col 691

Gallaeciae episcopos hic intelligi patet ex his quae Quesnellus attulit not. 9. Gallicios vel Gallaecos ille mallet; sed Gallicos pro Gallicios in mss. passim invenitur, ut in epistola Siricii ad Himerium observavit Coustantius, not. c. pag. 738. Mirum omitti Baeticos, cum synodus adversus Priscillianistas jussu Leonis coacta, ex Tarraconensibus, Carthaginensibus, Lusitanis, atque Baeticis coaluerit, ut constat ex Regula fidei subjecta Toletano I, quae Leone praecipiente condita fuit. Quod si in hac synodo non memorantur Gallaeci, quos Leo cum caeteris convenire hoc loco praecepit, aliquid impedimenti obstitit quominus ad eam synodum cum aliis Hispanis concurrerent: unde cum abessent, Regula fidei ab ea synodo ad Balconium Gallaeciae metropolitam transmissa fuit. Aliam vero distinctam synodum paulo post a Gallaecis habitam observabimus annot. 83 (infer., (h)).

That the bishops of Gallaecia are meant here is clear from what Quesnel brought forward in note 9. He would prefer "Gallicios" or "Gallaecos"; but "Gallicos" for "Gallicios" is found here and there in the manuscripts, as Coustant observed in the letter of Siricius to Himerius, note c, page 738. It is strange that the Baetici are omitted, since the synod assembled against the Priscillianists by Leo's order was made up of the bishops of Tarraconensis, Carthaginensis, Lusitania and Baetica, as is established from the Rule of Faith appended to [the Council of] Toledo I, which was composed at Leo's bidding. And if the Gallaeci, whom Leo in this place ordered to assemble with the rest, are not mentioned in this synod, some hindrance stood in the way of their coming together to that synod with the other Spaniards: hence, since they were absent, the Rule of Faith was sent by that synod to Balconius, metropolitan of Gallaecia. But we shall observe in annotation 83 (below, (h)) another, distinct synod held a little later by the Gallaeci.

(f) ‹nostrae ordinationis› · printed under col 691

Pontificiae epistolae peculiari ratione auctoritates appellatae sunt, eo quod praecipuam ratione primatus in tota Ecclesia auctoritatem obtineant. Sic Zosimus, epist. 1, ad episcopos Galliae, num. 1, inquit: Quam auctoritatem ubique nos misisse manifestum est. Hinc in vetusto cod. Vat. Palat. 574, qui antiquam Gallicanam collectionem continet, Romanorum pontificum constitutiones sic inscribuntur: Auctoritas Innocentii papae, auctoritas Zosimi papae, etc. Confer epist. 19 Leonis, cap, 1.

Papal letters were called "authorities" for a particular reason, because by reason of the primacy they hold a pre-eminent authority in the whole Church. So Zosimus, letter 1, to the bishops of Gaul, no. 1, says: "Which authority it is manifest that we have sent everywhere." Hence in the old Vatican Palatine manuscript 574, which contains an ancient Gallican collection, the constitutions of the Roman pontiffs are headed thus: "Authority of Pope Innocent, authority of Pope Zosimus", etc. Compare Leo's letter 19, chapter 1.

(g) ‹Si autem› · printed under cols 691–692

Cod. Vindeb. Hisp., aliqui, quod absit, obstiterint. Intelligitur autem impedimentum aliquod sive a principibus diversis, sive ut verisimilius est, a bello et publica rerum Hispanicarum perturbatione, ex quibus inter sacerdotes Dei difficiles commeatus, et rari coeperunt esse conventus, ut tradit idem Leo in hujus epistolae praefatione.

The Vienna Hispana manuscript, "aliqui, quod absit, obstiterint" ("[if] any, which God forbid, should stand in the way"). Some hindrance is understood, either from differing rulers or, as is more likely, from the war and the public disturbance of Spanish affairs, on account of which journeys among the bishops of God became difficult and meetings rare, as the same Leo relates in the preface of this letter.

(h) ‹generale concilium,› · printed under col 692

Hoc quidem concilium coactum fuisse indicat Lucretius episcopus in synodo I Bracarensi inquiens: Beatissimus papa urbis Romae Leo..... per Turribium notarium sedis suae ad synodum Galliciae contra impiam Priscillianae haereseos sectam scripta sua direxit. Haec autem Leonis epistola ad Galliciae synodum, quae desideratur, post praesentem ad Turribium data fuit. Dum enim Leo epistolam ad Turribium scripsit, et per Pervincum Turribii notarium ex Idatio transmisit, nondum erat congregata peculiaris Galliciae synodus; immo nec erat congreganda, cum Gallaeci, nisi quid impedimenti opponeretur, una cum aliis Hispanicarum provinciarum episcopis ad generale concilium Leonis jussu convenire deberent. Cum vero iidem impediti fuissent a generali concilio, post acceptam fortassis Regulam fidei ab aliis Hispanis ad Balconium Galliciae metropolitanum directam, suae provinciae synodum habuere, ad quam S. Leo scripsit. In antiquissimo cod. 59 capituli Veronensis, qui continet pervetustum Breviarium canonum, et decretalium Romanorum pontificum, tum in praemissa tabula titulorum, num. 30, tum in opere num. 30, legitur: Ex epistola Leonis papae ad Balconium; nihil autem ex ipsa epistola praeter morem profertur. Num vero haec epistola data fuerit non solum ad Balconium, sed etiam ad caeteros episcopos synodi Galliciae, ita ut sit illa, quam Lucretius in synodo Bracarensi memoravit; an sit alia peculiaris ad Balconium, incertum est. Ad haeresim certe Priscillianistarum, quae in Gallicia vigebat, pertinuisse videtur.

That this council was indeed assembled is indicated by Bishop Lucretius at the First Synod of Braga, saying: "The most blessed pope of the city of Rome, Leo ..... sent his writings through Turribius, notary of his see, to the synod of Gallicia against the impious sect of the Priscillianist heresy." This letter of Leo to the synod of Gallicia, which is lost, was given after the present one to Turribius. For when Leo wrote the letter to Turribius, and sent it through Pervincus, Turribius's notary, [who came] from Idatius, the particular synod of Gallicia had not yet been assembled; indeed it was not to be assembled, since the Gallaeci, unless some hindrance stood in the way, were to come together by Leo's order to the general council along with the bishops of the other Spanish provinces. But when the same were hindered from the general council, perhaps after receiving the Rule of Faith sent by the other Spaniards to Balconius, metropolitan of Gallicia, they held a synod of their own province, to which St Leo wrote. In the very ancient manuscript 59 of the chapter of Verona, which contains a very old Breviary of the canons and decretals of the Roman pontiffs, both in the table of titles placed in front, no. 30, and in the work itself, no. 30, one reads: "From the letter of Pope Leo to Balconius"; but nothing from the letter itself is brought forward, contrary to custom. Whether this letter was given not only to Balconius but also to the other bishops of the synod of Gallicia, so that it is the one which Lucretius mentioned at the synod of Braga, or whether it is another, addressed particularly to Balconius, is uncertain. It certainly seems to have concerned the heresy of the Priscillianists, which was flourishing in Gallicia.

(i) ‹sacerdotes, quibus› · printed under col 692

Ita mss. codd. et Quesnelli et nostri. Al., congregatis. Vindeb. collect. 5 omittit utrumque scribens: quibus fratres nostri Aedacius. Vindeb. Hisp., Dacius.

So the manuscripts, both Quesnel's and ours. Others, "congregatis". The Vienna [manuscript] of collection 5 omits both, writing: "quibus fratres nostri Aedacius". The Vienna Hispana, "Dacius".

(j) ‹afferatur.› · printed under col 692

Chronicam notam Quesnellus adjecit ex mss. Corb. Barb. 1, Trecopith. Chifflet. et tribus Thuan., ac editione Surii. Eamdem confirmant plerique nostri codd. Calipio plerumque in hac epistola scribitur, cui affine est in vulgatis Valentiniani Novellis Callypio. At in Vat. Reg. collect. 1, et in Vindebon. collect. 5, habetur Calepio, uti hoc nomen similiter scribitur non solum in Fastis Latinis Prosperi, Idatii, Marcellini et Cassiodori, nec non in vetustioribus ac emendatioribus Novellarum exemplaribus Ottobon. et Wurceburg. a Riterio laudatis nov. 5 de Sepulcris et nov. 3 de Palatinis; verum etiam in inscriptione basilicae S. Pauli num. 201, et idcirco hanc lectionem suscepimus.

Quesnel added the chronological note from the manuscripts Corbie, Barberini 1, the Pithou manuscript of Troyes, the Chifflet manuscript and three Thuanean ones, and from the edition of Surius. Most of our manuscripts confirm it. "Calipio" is mostly written in this letter, with which "Callypio" in the printed Novels of Valentinian is akin. But in Vatican Regina collection 1 and in the Vienna [manuscript] of collection 5 "Calepio" is found, as this name is likewise written not only in the Latin Fasti of Prosper, Idatius, Marcellinus and Cassiodorus, and also in the older and more correct copies of the Novels, the Ottoboni and Würzburg ones cited by Ritter, Novel 5 "On Tombs" and Novel 3 "On the Palatini", but also in the inscription of the basilica of St Paul, no. 201; and therefore we have adopted this reading.