Leo the Great, Letters

(a) ‹superati minis› · printed under col 831

Vat. collect. 11 et tres codd. collect. Chalcedon., aut injuriis. Mox salubribus remediis in tribus nostris et duobus Baluzii mss. ejusdem collect. Chalcedon.

The Vatican manuscript of collection 11 and three manuscripts of the Chalcedonian collection, "aut injuriis" [or injuries]. Next, "salubribus remediis" in three of ours and two of Baluze's manuscripts of the same Chalcedonian collection.

(b) ‹si consiliis melioribus› · printed under col 831

Vat. Hisp., et Isid., acquiescent… non excedant. Codd. collect. 24, non discedant. Vat. 546 collect. 21: Sic conciliis melioribus acquiescant, ut ab Ecclesiae unitate non discedant.

The Vatican manuscripts of the Spanish and Isidorian [collections], "acquiescent … non excedant". The manuscripts of collection 24, "non discedant" [may not depart]. Vatican 546 of collection 21: "Let them so acquiesce in better councils that they may not depart from the unity of the Church."

(c) ‹postuletur,› · printed under col 831

In haec Leonis verba hanc notationem Quesnellus subjecit: « Canones Nicaenos, quos sub finem hujus epistolae allegat Leo noster, quosque subter annexos dicit, alios non esse quam Sardicenses merito suspicantur viri eruditi. Certum quippe est ex eorum primum ac potissimum auctoritate jus appellationum Romanis pontificibus esse assertum, eosdemque saepe saepius nomine Nicaenorum canonum fuisse adornatos. Hoc ex Graecis concilii Chalcedonensis actis confirmatur, quae in calce hujus epistolae subjectum habent Sardicensem canonem 4, quem dissertationi nostrae 8 inserimus, ubi de appellatione Flaviani ex professo agimus. » Haec ille, optime quidem, quatenus monuit Nicaenorum canonum nomine hoc loco intelligi Sardicenses, quos sane in pluribus antiquissimis collectionibus Latinis canonibus Nicaenis subjectos sine distinctione ulla, pro Nicaenis habitos et appellatos fuisse alibi demonstrabimus. Confer admonitionem praemissam epistolae antecedenti num. 8, ubi canonem quartum Sardicensem non huic, sed praecedenti epistolae in mss. Graecis subnexum ostendimus. At falsum est, quod addit, ex Sardicensium canonum auctoritate primum et potissimum jus appellationum Romanis pontificibus esse assertum; quatenus enim hoc jus ex primatu divinae institutionis dimanet, demonstrabimus in observationibus ad diss. 5 ipsius Quesnelli part. I, cap. 7.

On these words of Leo Quesnel appended this note: "The Nicene canons which our Leo alleges towards the end of this letter, and which he says are annexed below, learned men rightly suspect to be none other than the Sardican. For it is certain that it was first and chiefly by their authority that the right of appeals was asserted for the Roman pontiffs, and that they were very often dignified with the name of Nicene canons. This is confirmed by the Greek acts of the council of Chalcedon, which have the fourth Sardican canon appended at the foot of this letter; we insert it in our eighth dissertation, where we treat expressly of Flavian's appeal." So he, and very well indeed, in so far as he pointed out that by the name of the Nicene canons the Sardican are to be understood in this place; that these, placed after the Nicene canons without any distinction in several very ancient Latin collections, were held and named as Nicene, we shall show elsewhere. Compare the admonition prefixed to the preceding letter, no. 8, where we show that the fourth Sardican canon is appended in the Greek manuscripts not to this letter but to the preceding one. But what he adds is false, that the right of appeals was first and chiefly asserted for the Roman pontiffs by the authority of the Sardican canons; for how far this right flows from the primacy of divine institution we shall show in the observations on Quesnel's own fifth dissertation, part I, chap. 7.

(d) ‹Cum enim Ecclesiae› · printed under cols 831–832

Ita edit. concil. cum potioribus nostris codd. Quesnellus cum Vindebon. collect. 5, causam. Vindebon. Hisp. erronee, causa statutum regni vestri. Hic error emendatus fuit in Vat. Hisp. et Isid., causa statum regni vestri; quam lectionem antiquiores Leonis editiones receperunt. Mox eaedem editiones, agamus.

So the edition of the Councils with the better of our manuscripts. Quesnel, with the Vienna manuscript of collection 5, "causam". The Vienna manuscript of the Spanish [collection] wrongly, "causa statutum regni vestri". This error was corrected in the Vatican manuscripts of the Spanish and Isidorian [collections], "causa statum regni vestri"; the older editions of Leo adopted this reading. Next the same editions, "agamus".

(e) ‹Datum› · printed under col 832

Quesnellus cum Vindebon. collect. 5 cum utrisque nostris Hisp., et cum Vat. Isid. aliisque codd. collect. 11 et 21, idibus Octobris; sed perperam. Cum enim Leo hujus epistolae exemplar ad Pulcheriam miserit una cum epistola sequenti scripta III idus Octobris, haec biduo post data dici nequit. Tres codd. collect. Chalcedon. et Quesnellus in margine: IV idus Octobris. Lectionem vero ante editorum confirmatam aliis codd. collect. Chalcedon., Ratisp. et Florent. S. Marci, nec non mss. collectionis 24, ac exemplo Sichardi idcirco praetulimus, quia caeterae epistolae hac occasione scriptae ac missae in Orientem, III idus signantur; Leo autem in negotiis quae plures epistolas postulabant per eumdem hominem transmittendas, omnes eodem die notare consuevit. Adde quod dies III idus signatus in veteri exemplo epistolae praecedentis, sumptus fuit ex his litteris, ut in admonitione probavimus; unde haec nota chronica in hac epistola ab antiquo collectore Latino inventa dignoscitur.

Quesnel, with the Vienna manuscript of collection 5, with both our Spanish manuscripts, and with the Vatican Isidorian and other manuscripts of collections 11 and 21, "on the Ides of October"; but wrongly. For since Leo sent a copy of this letter to Pulcheria together with the following letter, written on the third day before the Ides of October, this one cannot be said to have been dated two days later. Three manuscripts of the Chalcedonian collection, and Quesnel in the margin: "the fourth day before the Ides of October". But we have preferred the reading of the earlier editors, confirmed by other manuscripts of the Chalcedonian collection, the Regensburg and the Florentine of St Mark, as well as the manuscripts of collection 24 and Sichard's copy, because the other letters written on this occasion and sent to the East are dated the third day before the Ides; and Leo, in business that required several letters to be sent by the same man, was accustomed to date them all on the same day. Add that the day, the third before the Ides, marked in the old copy of the preceding letter was taken from this letter, as we proved in the admonition; whence this chronological note in this letter is recognized as found by an ancient Latin collector.

(f) ‹EPISTOLA› (heading of Letter XLV, printed full width) · printed under col 832

Al. 41. Quae autem antea 45 erat, nunc 50. Scripta 13 Octobr. an. 449.

Otherwise 41. What was formerly 45 is now 50. Written 13 October in the year 449.

(g) ‹AD PULCHERIAM› · printed under col 832

Haec epistola in iisdem collectionibus, in quibus anterior, continetur. Graecam vero versionem habemus solum ex Cotelerio tom. I Monument. Ecclesiae Graecae, pag. 54, nec in ullo nostro Graeco ms. reperire potuimus.

This letter is contained in the same collections as the former. But the Greek version we have only from Cotelier, vol. I of the Monuments of the Greek Church, p. 54, and could not find it in any Greek manuscript of ours.

(h) ‹SYNOPSIS› · printed under col 832

In tabula collect. 5, cap. 87 titulus tantum praefertur de eodem, ac in superiori scilicet epistola. In Hisp. autem: Contra eamdem secundum Ephesinam synodum, ut ejus errores in alia synodo retractentur.

In the table of collection 5, chap. 87, only the title "on the same" is set before it, namely as in the preceding letter. But in the Spanish [collection]: "Against the same second synod of Ephesus, that its errors may be reconsidered in another synod."

(h) SYNOPSIS. — I. Mittit exemplar epistolae a se ad eam scriptae ante synodum. — II. Pseudosynodi infausta gesta

SYNOPSIS. — I. He sends a copy of the letter he wrote to her before the synod. — II. The ill-omened proceedings of the pseudo-synod […]

(d) of col 831 runs over into this column; set in n831. Notes (e), (f), (g), (h), printed under col 832, answer calls in col 831 and in the full-width heading; set in n831. 1 ‹δηλαδὴ› · printed under col 832 Supplevimus τῶν ex ms. Ven., quod errore non levi excidit a vulgatis.

We have supplied "τῶν" from the Venice manuscript; by no slight error it had fallen out of the printed editions.

2 ‹ἐστιν› · printed under col 832 In marg. edit. Rom., χαλεπώτερα τὰ ἐγκλήματα, ἐάν.

In the margin of the Roman edition, "the charges [are] harsher, if".

3 ‹σωζομένης› (in the full-width lines) · printed under col 832 Ms. Ven., τῆς αἰδῶ.

The Venice manuscript, "τῆς αἰδῶ".

4 ‹ἡσύχῳ δικαιώματι› (in the full-width lines; the call appears printed "3") · printed under col 832 Ms. Ven., ἀπολαύετε.

The Venice manuscript, "ἀπολαύετε".

ἀφρόνων ἐναντιοῦται, πάντων τῶν μερῶν ἡμῶν αἱ ἐκκλησίαι πᾶσαι τῆς ὑμετέρας φιλανθρωπίας καταδέονται· διὰ τῶν ἐπισκόπων, ἐπειδὴ καὶ οἱ ἡμέτεροι πιστῶς ἀντειρήκασι, καὶ αὐτὸς ἐκεῖνος Φλαυιανὸς ὁ ἐπίσκοπος λίβελλον ἐκκλήτου ἐπιδέδωκε, γενικὴν σύνοδον κελεύσατε ἐν τῇ Ἰταλίᾳ συνελθεῖν. Ἥ τις πάντα τὰ προσκόμματα οὕτως ἀποκινήσει καὶ καταπραϋνεῖ ἵνα μὴ περαιτέρω τί ποτε ἢ περὶ τῆς πίστεως εὑρεθῇ ἀμφίβολον, ἢ ἐν τῇ ἀγάπῃ μεμερισμένον· συνερχομένων δηλαδὴ τῶν κατὰ τὴν ἀνατολὴν ἐπαρχιῶν ἐπισκόπων· ἵνα ὅσοι καταπονηθέντες ἀπειλαῖς, καὶ ὕβρεσιν, ἀπὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ τῆς ἀληθείας ἐξέκλιναν, εἰς σωτηρίας παραμυθίαν ὁλόκληρον ἀνακληθῶσι· καὶ αὐτοὶ δὲ ὧν ἐστιν ἡ σκληροτάτη ἀπόφασις, ἐὰν γνώμαις κρείττοσιν ἐπακολουθήσωσιν, ἀπὸ τῆς ἑνότητος τῆς ἐκκλησίας μηδαμῶς ἀποστῶσιν. Ὅπως γὰρ μετὰ τὴν ἔκκλητον τοῦτο ἀναγκαίως αἰτοῦμεν, τῶν κατὰ Νικαίαν κανόνων αἱ ψῆφοι μαρτυροῦσιν· αἵ τινες ἀπὸ τῶν πανταχοῦ τοῦ κόσμου ἐπισκόπων καθιδρύθησαν, ὥσπερ ὑπετάξαμεν. Συνέλθετε τοῖς καθολικοῖς τῷ ὑμετέρῳ πατρώῳ ἔθει, καὶ δότε παῤῥησίαν τῆς πίστεως εἰς ἐκδίκησιν· ἥν τινα, σωζομένης τῆς αἰδοῦς τῆς ὑμετέρας εὐσεβείας, οὐδεμία βία, οὐδεμία κοσμικὴ ἀπειλὴ δυνήσεται ἀποκινῆσαι. Ὅταν γὰρ τῆς ἐκκλησίας τὰ δόγματα γυμνάζωμεν, τῆς ὑμετέρας εὐσεβείας, καὶ σωτηρίας φροντίζομεν, ἵνα τῶν ὑμετέρων ἐπαρχιῶν ἡσύχῳ δικαιώματι ἀπολαύητε· ἐκδικήσατε κατέναντι τῶν αἱρετικῶν τὸν ἀσάλευτον τῆς ἐκκλησίας θεσμόν· ἵνα καὶ τῆς ὑμετέρας βασιλείας τῇ δεξιᾷ τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐκδικηθείη τὸ κράτος.

(a) ‹LEO episcopus› · printed under col 833

Mss. collect. Chalcedon.: Gloriosissimae et clementissimae filiae Pulcheriae Augustae Leo episcopus et sanctum concilium Romae collectum Cod. Florent. collect. 13: Leo urbis Romae episcopus et omnes fratres pro divina religione inibi congregati Pulcheriae Augustae.

The manuscripts of the Chalcedonian collection: "To the most glorious and most clement daughter Pulcheria Augusta, Leo the bishop and the holy council gathered at Rome." The Florentine manuscript of collection 13: "Leo, bishop of the city of Rome, and all the brethren gathered there for divine religion, to Pulcheria Augusta."

(b) ‹Si epistolae› · printed under col 833

Hanc vulgatam lectionem approbant non solum mss. collect. 21, verum etiam Vindebon. collect. et Vat. Hisp. ac Isid. Caeteri nostri codices solo verborum ordine aliquantulum mutato habent: Quae in fidei causa ad pietatem vestram directae sunt, per nostros clericos pervenissent. Intelligitur autem epistola 30, quam legati, ob angustiam temporis ad Ephesinum concilium divertere coacti, Constantinopolim perferre aut per alios transmittere non potuerunt Confer inferius annot. (e).

This common reading is approved not only by the manuscripts of collection 21 but also by the Vienna manuscript of the collection and the Vatican manuscripts of the Spanish and Isidorian [collections]. Our other manuscripts, with only the order of the words somewhat changed, have: "which were sent in the cause of the faith to your Piety, had arrived through our clerics". Letter 30 is meant, which the legates, forced by the shortness of the time to turn aside to the council of Ephesus, could not carry to Constantinople or send on by others. Compare note (e) below.

(c) ‹religioni aut› · printed under col 833

Male ex Graeco, a fide retrocessistis.

Wrongly, from the Greek, "a fide retrocessistis" [have you fallen back from the faith].

(d) ‹vix unus› · printed under col 833

Sic meliores codices. Al., illorum Hilarus diaconus noster effugiens.

So the better manuscripts. Others, "illorum Hilarus diaconus noster effugiens" [of them our deacon Hilary, escaping].

(e) ‹non pervenerunt,› · printed under cols 833–834

Editiones Leonis cum mss. Vindebon. collect. 5 et alio collect. Hisp., exemplar. Praetulimus nihilominus lectionem edit. Conciliorum, quam caeteri nostri codices, praesertim Ratisp. et collect. Chalcedon. praeferunt, nec non exemplaria Merlini ac Sichardi. Licet vero S. Leo unam tantum epistolam 30 hoc loco indicet, quam solam ad Pulcheriam misisse in admonitione eidem praemissa ostendimus, tamen sicut unicam epistolam plurali numero epistolas appellare nonnumquam consuevit, ut aliquot exemplis animadvertimus annot. 3 (Col. 664 (i) in epist. 13, ita et hic initio capitis plurali numero epistolae, nunc autem ipsorum scriptorum exempla, unam eamdemque epistolam vocare potuit. Similiter epist. 61, cap. 2, exemplaria eorumdem scriptorum S. Leo vocavit exemplum unius epistolae 51, ut ostendemus annot. 11 (Col. 875 (c) in eamdem epist. 61.

The editions of Leo, with the Vienna manuscript of collection 5 and another of the Spanish collection, "exemplar" [a copy]. We have nevertheless preferred the reading of the edition of the Councils, which our other manuscripts show, especially the Regensburg and those of the Chalcedonian collection, as well as the copies of Merlin and Sichard. Although St Leo indicates in this place only the one letter 30, which alone, as we showed in the admonition prefixed to it, he sent to Pulcheria, yet, just as he was sometimes accustomed to call a single letter "letters" in the plural, as we noted by several examples in note 3 (col. 664 (i)) on letter 13, so here too he could call one and the same letter "epistolae" in the plural at the beginning of the chapter, and now "copies of those very writings". Similarly in letter 61, chap. 2, St Leo called the copy of the one letter 51 "copies of the same writings", as we shall show in note 11 (col. 875 (c)) on the same letter 61.

(f) ‹quibus› · printed under col 834

Sic omnes codices, exceptis illis collect. 24 ex quibus ante Quesnellum editum fuit, pro sede regia. Ex Graeca autem versione quam Cotelerius vulgavit, legendum esset, pro fide Romana. Quesnellus in notis id contra Leonis mentem affirmat, quippe qui hortatur Pulcheriam ut pro fide, hoc est, secundum eam fidem qua pollet, seu illius fidei vigore novellis erroribus resistat. Econtra Baluzius auctoritate antiquae versionis Graecae, originale Latinum habuseis pro fide Romana suspicatur; lectionem vero Latinorum exemplarium ex eo profectam conjicit, quod fortassis in primo autographo, ex quo reliqua exempla manarunt, scriptum fuerit pro fide R̄, uti eodem Baluzio observante nonnulli codices praeferunt in epist. 29, quam siglam R̄ cum librarii forte non intelligerent, regia posuerunt pro Romana. Graecus quidem interpres prae oculis habuit exemplum. in quo vel Romana vel sigla R̄ legebatur, quam pro Romana reddidit; alias vocem regia aliter interpretatus fuisset.

So all the manuscripts, except those of collection 24, from which it was printed before Quesnel as "pro sede regia" [for the royal see]. But from the Greek version which Cotelier published, one would have to read "pro fide Romana" [for the Roman faith]. Quesnel in his notes asserts that this is against Leo's meaning, since he urges Pulcheria to resist the new errors "pro fide", that is, according to the faith in which she is strong, or by the vigour of that faith. Baluze, on the contrary, on the authority of the ancient Greek version, suspects that the Latin original had "pro fide Romana"; and he conjectures that the reading of the Latin copies arose from this, that perhaps in the first autograph, from which the other copies flowed, "pro fide R̄" was written, as, Baluze again observing, some manuscripts show in letter 29; and since the copyists perhaps did not understand this siglum R̄, they put "regia" for "Romana". The Greek translator, indeed, had before his eyes a copy in which either "Romana" or the siglum R̄ was read, which he rendered as "Romana"; otherwise he would have translated the word "regia" differently.

(g) ‹synodo,› · printed under col 834

Cod. Veron. collect Chalced., sopiendae et sanandae pacis remedia.

The Verona manuscript of the Chalcedonian collection, "sopiendae et sanandae pacis remedia" [remedies for laying to rest and healing peace].

(h) ‹qui missi sunt,› · printed under col 834

Vindebon. Hisp., quorumque idem unus Vat. Hisp. et Isid., quorumque idem unus. Mox pro vim Quesn. in marg.: Al., insidias.

The Vienna manuscript of the Spanish [collection], "quorumque idem unus"; the Vatican manuscripts of the Spanish and Isidorian [collections], "quorumque idem unus". Next, for "vim" Quesnel in the margin: others, "insidias" [plots].

(i) ‹gererentur,› · printed under col 834

Ex Graeco, juribus.

From the Greek, "juribus" [rights].

deplorat. Mittit exemplar epistolae ad Theodosium scriptae. Concilium in Italia petit. — III. Legationem apostolicam apud Theodosium Pulcheriae committit.

[…] he laments. He sends a copy of the letter written to Theodosius. He asks for a council in Italy. — III. He entrusts to Pulcheria the apostolic embassy to Theodosius.

(e) of col 833 runs over into this column; set in n833. Notes (f), (g), (h), (i), printed under col 834, answer calls in col 833; set in n833.

Τῇ ἐνδοξοτάτῃ ταὶ φιλανθρωποτάτῃ θυγατρὶ Πουλχερίᾳ ἀεὶ Αὐγούστᾳ, Λέων ἐπίσκοπος καὶ ἡ ἁγία σύνοδος ἡ ἐν Ῥώμῃ συναχθεῖσα. Εἰ ἐπιστολαὶ αἱ περὶ τῆς πίστεως πρὸς τὴν ὑμετέραν εὐσέβειαν διὰ τῶν κληρικῶν ἀποσταλεῖσαι, ἦσαν ἀποδοθεῖσαι, δῆλον ἦν βοήθειαν καὶ θεραπείαν ὑμᾶς τούτοις τοῖς πράγμασι τοῖς κατὰ τῆς πίστεως γινομένοις, συμπνέοντος ὑμῖν τοῦ Θεοῦ δύνασθαι παρασχεῖν. Πότε γὰρ τοῖς ἱερεῦσι, ἢ πότε τοῖς [Forte τῆς] τῶν Χριστιανῶν θρησκείας ἢ τῆς πίστεως κατόπιν γένεσθε; ἀλλ' ἐπείπερ πρὸς τὴν ὑμετέραν φιλανθρωπίαν οὐκ ἠδυνήθησαν παραγενέσθαι οἱ ἀποσταλέντες, ὡς μόλις πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἕνα τούτων διάκονον ὀνόματι Ἱλαρίονα φεύγοντα ὑποστρέψαι, ἐπαναλαμβάνειν ἐπιστεύσαμεν τὰ γράμματα. Καὶ ὥστε τὰς ἡμετέρας δεήσεις τυγχάνειν ἰσχυρὰς, αὐτῶν τῶν γεγραμμένων πρὸς τὴν ὑμετέραν φιλανθρωπίαν ὑπετάξαμεν τάδε τῇ ἀντιγραφῇ [Forte τῇδε τὰ ἀντίγραφα], μείζοσιν ὑμᾶς διαμαρτυρίαις παρακαλοῦντες, ἵν' ὅσῳ χαλεπώτερα γέγονεν, οἷς ὑπὲρ τῆς Ῥωμαϊκῆς πίστεως προσῆκόν ἐστι ἀντιμαχήσασθαι, τοσοῦτον μείζονι δόξῃ καθυπερέχετε, φροντίσητε τῆς θρησκείας [F. leg. μείζονι δόξῃ φροντίσι τῆς θρησκείας ἧ κατυπερ.], πρὸς τὸ τῆς καθολικῆς πίστεως ἀκέραιον μὴ ἀπὸ τινὸς ἀφορμῆς καὶ φιλονεικίας ἀνθρωπίνης παρατιτρώσκεσθαι. Ἡ γὰρ ἐν Ἐφέσῳ συνελθοῦσα σύνοδος, πιστευομένη τῇ τῆς εἰρήνης θεραπείᾳ καταπραΰνεσθαι, οὐ μόνον ταύτην [Forte αὐτὴ] εἰς μείζονα τῆς εἰρήνην, ζημίαι, ἀλλ' ὅπερ ἐστὶ λύπης καὶ ἀγανακτήσεως ἄξιον, καὶ αὐτῆς τῆς πίστεως πρὸς ὄλεθρον καὶ ἀνατροπὴν τοῖς Χριστιανοῖς προεχώρησε. Καὶ οὗτοι μὲν οἱ ἀποσταλέντες, ὧν εἷς τὴν βίαν τοῦ ἐπισκόπου Ἀλεξανδρέων ἑαυτῷ πάντα ἐνδικοῦντος ἐκφυγὼν, τῶν πεπραγμένων πραγμάτων ἡμῖν τὴν τάξιν μετὰ πίστεως ἀπήγγειλεν, ἀντέστησαν ἐν τῇ συνόδῳ

(a) ‹detulissent.› · printed under col 835

Vat. Hisp. et Isid., Cumque recitatio; pro quo Ratisp. et Vindebon. collect. 5, cujusque recitatio. Quidam alii codices, cujus recitatio.

The Vatican manuscripts of the Spanish and Isidorian [collections], "Cumque recitatio"; for which the Regensburg and the Vienna manuscript of collection 5 have "cujusque recitatio". Certain other manuscripts, "cujus recitatio".

(b) ‹verae mortis› · printed under col 835

Ex Graeco, ex regenerationis; ubi Graecus interpres respicit vocem superioris lineae γένεσιν Latine generatio. Ita Quesnellus in margine secundae editionis.

From the Greek, "ex regenerationis"; where the Greek translator had in view the word of the line above, γένεσιν, in Latin "generatio". So Quesnel in the margin of the second edition.

(c) ‹solveretur› · printed under col 835

Graeca versio addit, splendidissima et clementissima domina filia Augusta.

The Greek version adds, "most splendid and most clement lady, daughter Augusta".

(d) ‹epistolae pariter› · printed under col 835

Plures et potiores codices cum Sichardo, et editionibus Conciliorum, exempla. Codd. duo collect. Chalcedon., exempla subjiciemus. Alii duo, et exempla subjecimus. Indicatur autem exemplum epist. 44. Confer praecedentem annot. (7) Col. 833, (e).

More and better manuscripts, with Sichard and the editions of the Councils, "exempla" [copies]. Two manuscripts of the Chalcedonian collection, "exempla subjiciemus" [we shall append copies]. Two others, "et exempla subjecimus". A copy of letter 44 is meant. Compare the preceding note (7), col. 833, (e).

(e) ‹nulla› · printed under col 835

Ita omnes nostri codd. et editi ante Quesn., apud quem, sinat.

So all our manuscripts and the editions before Quesnel, in whom [we find] "sinat".

(f) ‹scandalum› · printed under col 835

Cod. Veron. non abstulit Ephesina synodus, sed auxit.

The Verona manuscript, "the synod of Ephesus did not remove, but increased".

(g) ‹offensionem› · printed under col 836

Codd. Ratisp., Vindebon., Hisp. aliique nonnulli cum editis ante Quesn., generaverant Mox absque religionis infamia in Vat. Hisp. et Isid.

The Regensburg, the Vienna Spanish and some other manuscripts, with the editions before Quesnel, "generaverant". Next, "absque religionis infamia" [without disgrace to religion] in the Vatican manuscripts of the Spanish and Isidorian [collections].

(h) ‹redeant, qui› · printed under col 836

Quesn. in margine: Ms. Cantabrig., per potentiam, cui Graeca versio respondet. » Sed impotentia pro immoderata potentia apud optimae notae scriptores adhibere solet.

Quesnel in the margin: the Cambridge manuscript, "per potentiam" [through power], to which the Greek version corresponds. But "impotentia" is customarily used for unrestrained power by writers of the best standing.

(i) ‹fidei› · printed under col 836

Mss. Vat. Hisp. et Isid. addunt veritatem. Mox Ratisp., quaeque labores. Editi ante Quesn. cum Graeca versione, et mss. collect. 21, adjuvat pro adjuvit, male.

The Vatican manuscripts of the Spanish and Isidorian [collections] add "veritatem". Next, the Regensburg, "quaeque labores". The editions before Quesnel, with the Greek version and the manuscripts of collection 21, "adjuvat" for "adjuvit", wrongly.

(j) ‹convalescat,› · printed under col 836

Ratisp., redintegrationi unitatis. Mox in editis ante Quesn., copiam et modum, Deo auxiliante.

The Regensburg, "redintegrationi unitatis". Next, in the editions before Quesnel, "copiam et modum, Deo auxiliante" [the opportunity and the means, God helping].

(k) ‹Data 22› · printed under col 836

Ita tres codd. Quesnelli, omnes Baluzii, et nostri, exceptis illis collect. 24 ac exemplo Sichardi, qui cum editionibus Quesnelliana anterioribus habent, Pridie idus Octobris, perperam ex annot. 20 (Col. 832, e) in epist. 44.

So three of Quesnel's manuscripts, all of Baluze's, and ours, except those of collection 24 and Sichard's copy, which, with the editions earlier than Quesnel's, have "the day before the Ides of October", wrongly, as appears from note 20 (col. 832, e) on letter 44.

Notes (g), (h), (i), (j), (k), printed under col 836, answer calls in col 835; set in n835.

καὶ ὡς ἔχρην, ἑνὸς ἀνθρώπου, οὐ τῇ κρίσει μᾶλλον, ἀλλὰ τῇ μανίᾳ, διαμαρτυρούμενοι ἅπερ κατὰ βίαν καὶ φόβον ἐπράττετο, τοῖς τῆς ἐκκλησίας δικαίοις, καὶ αὐτῷ τῷ συμβόλῳ τῷ (ἀπὸ) τῶν ἀποστόλων εἰσηγηθέντι, πρόκριμα φέρειν οὐ μὴ δύνασθαι· καὶ οὔτε ἑαυτοὺς ἀπὸ ταύτης τῆς πίστεως, ἣν πλήρη ἐκτεθεῖσαν καὶ διατυπωθεῖσαν, ἐκ τοῦ θρόνου τοῦ μακαριωτάτου ἀποστόλου Πέτρου εἰς τὴν ἁγίαν σύνοδον (ἤνεγκαν) εἰρηκότας ἀφίστασθαι κατὰ ἀδικίαν τινός. Ἧς πίστεως ἡ ἀνάγνωσις, παρακαλούντων τῶν ἐπισκόπων, οὐ προσεδέχθη· ὥστε τῆς αὐτῆς ἀποκινηθείσης πίστεως, ἥτις τοὺς πατριάρχας (καὶ προφήτας) καὶ ἀποστόλους καὶ μάρτυρας ἐστεφάνωσε, τὴν γέννησιν τοῦ δεσπότου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ κατὰ σάρκα, καὶ τὸν ἀληθῆ θάνατον, καὶ τῆς ἀναγεννήσεως αὐτοῦ τὴν ὁμολογίαν, ὅπερ φρικτόν ἐστι καὶ λέγειν, διαλυθῆναι ἐπιφανεστάτη καὶ φιλανθρωποτάτη δέσποινα θυγάτηρ Αὐγούστα, ἐγράψαμεν περὶ τούτου τοῦ πράγματος, ὡς ἠδυνήθημεν πρὸς τὸν ἐνδοξότατον βασιλέα, καὶ, ὅπερ ἐστὶ (μέγιστον), Χριστιανόν· ἧς ἐπιστολῆς τὸ ἀντίτυπον ὑπετάξαμεν· ὡς τὴν πίστιν, δι' ἧς ἀναγεννηθεὶς διὰ τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ χάριτος βασιλεύει, μηδαμῶς συγχωρῆσαι καινισμῷ τινι διαφθείρεσθαι· ἐπείπερ Φλαβιανὸς ὁ ἐπίσκοπος ἐν τῇ ἡρετέρᾳ πάντοτ κοινωνίᾳ μεμένηκε· καὶ τοῦτο ὅπερ γέγονεν ἄνευ δικαίου καὶ παρὰ τὴν ἐπιστήμην πάντων τῶν κανόνων, μηδενὶ βέβαιον εἶναι λόγῳ ἐπιτραπῇ· καὶ ἐν εἴδει τῆς διχονοίας τὸ σκάνδαλον οὐκ ἀφείλατο ἡ τῆς Ἐφέσου σύνοδος, ἀλλὰ μᾶλλον ηὔξησε· συνόδου γενομένης ἐν Ἰταλίᾳ καὶ ὁ τόπος καὶ ὁ χρόνος ὁρισθήσηται, πάντων τῶν μέμψεων καὶ τῶν προκριμάτων ἑκατέρου μέρους ἀναρτηθέντων, ἵνα ἐπιμελέστερον πάντα ποιήσαντα τὴν πρόσκρουσιν ἀναψηλαφηθείη, καὶ χωρὶς τοῦ τραύματος (τῆς πίστεως) καὶ ὕβρεως τῆς θρησκείας εἰς εἰρήνην τοῦ θεοῦ ἐπανέλθειεν, οἱ διὰ τὴν δυναστείαν ὑπογράψαι καταναγκασθέντες, ἱερεῖς, καὶ ἡ πλάνη μόνον ἀφαιρεθείη. Ὅπερ ἵνα κρατήσειε, τῆς δεδοκιμασμένης ἡμῖν πίστεως ἡ εὐσέβεια (σή), ἡ τοῖς καμάτοις ἀεὶ τῆς Ἐκκλησίας συνελθοῦσα, τὴν ἡμετέραν ἱκετείαν, τῷ φιλανθρωποτάτῳ βασιλεῖ, ἰδικῶς ὡς ἀπὸ τοῦ μακαριωτάτου Πέτρου τοῦ ἀποστόλου τῆς πρεσβείας ἐπιτραπείσης, καταξιωσάτω διαστῆσαι· ὥστε πρὶν τὸν πολεμικὸν τοῦτον καὶ ὀλέθριον πόλεμον εἰς τὴν Ἐκκλησίαν κρατῆσαι, τοῦ ἀνανεῶσαι τὴν ἀφθονίαν τῆς ἑνότητος, τοῦ Θεοῦ βοηθοῦντος συγχωρήσει· γινώσκων δυνάμεσι τῆς αὐτοῦ βασιλείας συνοίσειν, τὸ τῇ καθολικῇ ἐλευθερίᾳ διὰ τῆς αὐτοῦ φιλαγάθου διατυπώσεως συνεισφερόμενον.