PL 4 · cols. 245–249
Cyprianus, Epistolae II-XXI
Letter VIII
Migne Reading Room
PL 4 · cols. 245–249
Letter VIII
LECTIONES VARIANTES. (printed under page 118)
(a) ‹languentium› · call in col 245
Jacentium Bod. 1. Stantium paucitatem Lin. Pem. Bod. 1, 3. Voss. 2. Thu. Foss.
"Of those lying [fallen]" Bod. 1; "the fewness of those standing" Lin., Pem., Bod. 1, 3, Voss. 2, Thu., Foss.
(printed under page 118)
(b) ‹pacem› · call in col 245
Pacem Ecclesiae suae Voss. 1. Bod. 3.
"Peace to his Church" Voss. 1, Bod. 3.
(printed under page 118)
(c) ‹quae› · call in col 245
In plerisque Foss. Corb.
"In most" Foss., Corb.
(printed under page 118)
(d) ‹—› · call not in the foot image
Certaminis praemium Pem. Pretium Corb.
"The reward of the contest" Pem.; "the price" Corb.
(printed under page 118)
(e) ‹—› · call not in the foot image
Victoriae proximos Oxon.
"Near to victory" Oxon.
(printed under page 118)
(d) ‹praelium› · call in col 246
Certaminis praemium Pem. Pretium Corb.
"The reward of the contest" Pem.; "the price" Corb.
(printed under page 118)
(e) ‹proximos› · call in col 246
Victoriae proximos Oxon.
"Near to victory" Oxon.
(printed under page 118)
(f) ‹Tolerastis› · call in col 246
Tolerantes Pem. Utique Bod. 1.
"Tolerantes" ("enduring") Pem.; "Utique" ("certainly") Bod. 1.
(printed under page 118)
(g) ‹doloribus› · call in col 246
Finem dolorum Oxon.
"An end of pains" Oxon.
(printed under page 118)
(h) ‹Quaestio gravior› · call in col 246
Laniena Oxon. Laniatio Pem. Laniandi mora Bod. Lanio gravior Ben. Quaestio Thu.
"Laniena" ("butchery") Oxon.; "Laniatio" ("mangling") Pem.; "delay in mangling" Bod.; "a heavier butcher" Ben.; "Quaestio" ("torture") Thu.
(printed under page 118)
(i) ‹praelium Christi› · call in col 246
Spiritale certamen, praelium Oxon. Spiritale praelium Christi. Vos. 2. Bod. 1, 3. Pem.
"Spiritual contest, battle" Oxon.; "the spiritual battle of Christ" Vos. 2, Bod. 1, 3, Pem.
(printed under page 118)
(j) ‹credentes armatos› · call in col 246
Fidei ardentis armatos Pem.
"Armed [with the arms] of burning faith" Pem.
STEPH. BALUZII NOTAE. (Baluze) ‹Epist. VIII.— Ecclesia gloriatur› · lemma note EPIST. VIII. — Ecclesia gloriatur. In codice sancti Arnulphi Metensis legitur Ecclesia gratulatur. Et nuper quidem. In Carnotensi gratulatur vel gloriatur. Et nuper.
Letter VIII. — "Ecclesia gloriatur" (the Church glories). In the manuscript of Saint-Arnoul at Metz one reads "Ecclesia gratulatur. Et nuper quidem" (the Church rejoices. And lately indeed). In the Chartres one, "gratulatur vel gloriatur. Et nuper" (rejoices or glories. And lately).
(Baluze) ‹Devotione redistis› · lemma note Devotione redistis. Iidem codices habent prodistis.
"Devotione redistis" (you returned by devotion). The same manuscripts have "prodistis" (you came forth).
(Baluze) ‹Quaestio› · lemma note Quaestio. Revocavi hanc lectionem, quam et libri veteres et editiones antiquae praeferunt. In editione Manutiana scriptum est laniena. Pamelius ita quoque posuit. Sed nostra lectio, quae nititur auctoritate, recte congruit cum his quae paulo ante dicta sunt : Tolerastis durissimam quaestionem, et infra, in quaestione victores. Angli protulerunt quasdam varias lectiones quae probare possunt aliam lectionem posse esse bonam.
"Quaestio" (torture). I have restored this reading, which both the old books and the ancient editions show. In the Manutius edition "laniena" (butchery) is written. Pamelius also printed it so. But our reading, which rests on authority, agrees well with what is said a little before, "you endured the harshest torture," and below, "victors in the torture." The English brought forward some variant readings which can prove that the other reading could be good.
(Baluze) ‹Credentes› · lemma note Credentes. Hanc lectionem praeferunt veteres libri et editiones, nisi quod interdum vidi scriptum credentis. In libro tamen Divionensi et in recentiore Remigiano legitur constanter. Quod mihi videtur esse melius. Sed mutare non sum ausus propter repugnantiam aliorum exemplarium.
"Credentes" (believing). The old books and editions show this reading, except that I have sometimes seen "credentis" written. In the Dijon book, however, and in the more recent Saint-Remi one, one reads "constanter" (steadfastly). That seems better to me. But I have not dared to change it because the other copies are against it.
(Baluze) ‹Torti... fortiores› · lemma note 395 Torti... fortiores. Sulpitius Severus in Epistola ad Eusebium : Sed his tolerandis atque vincendis praecipuam semper justorum fuisse virtutem, dum per omnia tentamenta patientes, semper invicti, tanto fortius vincerent quanto gravius pertulissent. Apud Rufinum lib. V, cap. 1, in historia martyrum Lugdunensium : Ex ipsa quippe sanctorum patientia saevior eis contentionis rabies accendebatur, et velut pudore quodam fatigabantur, quia major inesset cruciatis quam cruciantibus virtus.
[The "395" printed here is as in Migne.] "Torti... fortiores" (the tortured ... stronger). Sulpicius Severus, in the Letter to Eusebius: "But in enduring and overcoming these the chief virtue of the just has always lain, while, patient through all trials and always unconquered, they conquered the more strongly the more heavily they had suffered." In Rufinus, book 5, chapter 1, in the history of the martyrs of Lyons: "For by the very patience of the saints the frenzy of their rivalry was kindled the more savagely, and they were wearied as if by a kind of shame, because there was greater strength in the tortured than in the torturers."
(printed under page 118)
LECTIONES VARIANTES. (printed under page 119)
(a) ‹sanguinis› · call in col 247
Pretiosa vis sanguinis Corb.
"The precious force of blood" Corb.
(printed under page 119)
(b) ‹consummatione› · call in col 247 (printed before the word)
Coronam Dei Bod. 3. Pem.
"The crown of God" Bod. 3, Pem.
(printed under page 119)
(c) ‹exhibitus› · call in col 247
Agone coelestis exhibitionis Voss. 2. Exhibitus est Bod. 1.
"By the contest of a heavenly showing" Voss. 2; "was shown" Bod. 1.
(printed under page 119)
(d) ‹—› · call not in the foot image
Utero Thu. Foss. Bod. 1, 2. et Adv. Jud.
"Utero" ("in the womb") Thu., Foss., Bod. 1, 2, and [the books] Against the Jews.
(printed under page 119)
(f) ‹—› · call not in the foot image
Ego jam immolor Bod. 3. Delibor Foss. Corb.
"I am already being sacrificed" Bod. 3; "Delibor" ("I am poured out") Foss., Corb.
STEPH. BALUZII NOTAE. (Baluze) ‹Jam non membra› · lemma note Jam non membra. Sic supra, in epistola ad Donatum, p. 5 : Jam non membra, sed vulnera. Ammianus Marcellinus lib. XXIX, enarrans lanienam exercitam in Diogenem quemdam ut verba placentia principi loqueretur, ait illum, cum poenis non sufficerent membra, vivum combustum. Idem lib. XIV, loquens de Eusebio quodam misere cruciato ait illum ita evisceratum ut crnciatibus membra deessent. Sanctus Ambrosius in libro I de Virginibus, loquens de martyrio sanctae Agnetis : Fuitne in illo corpusculo vulneri locus ! T. Livius lib. IV, quid jam integri esse in corpore loci ad nova vulnera recipienda ? Justinus lib. II : Velut a singulis membris poenae exigerentur. Eleganter varia illa tormentorum et cruciatuum genera describuntur in libro I Silii Italici : Non ignes, candensque calybs, non verbera passim / Ictibus innumeris lacerum scindentia corpus, / Carnificesve manus, penitusque infusa medullis / Pestis, et in medio lucentes vulnere flammae / Cessavere.
"Jam non membra" (no longer limbs). So above, in the letter to Donatus, p. 5: "No longer limbs, but wounds." Ammianus Marcellinus, book 29, telling of the mangling inflicted on a certain Diogenes to make him say words pleasing to the prince, says that, when his limbs no longer sufficed for the punishments, he was burned alive. The same, book 14, speaking of a certain Eusebius cruelly tortured, says he was so disembowelled that limbs were lacking for the tortures. Saint Ambrose, in book 1 On Virgins, speaking of the martyrdom of Saint Agnes: "Was there room in that little body for a wound!" Livy, book 4: "What place in the body was still whole to receive new wounds?" Justin, book 2: "As if penalties were being exacted from each limb." Those various kinds of torments and tortures are elegantly described in book 1 of Silius Italicus: "Not fires, nor glowing steel, nor lashes everywhere / Tearing the mangled body with countless blows, / Nor the hands of executioners, nor the plague poured deep / Into the marrow, nor flames shining in the midst of the wound, / Ceased."
(Baluze) ‹Spectaculum Domino› · lemma note Spectaculum Domino. Codices sancti Arnulphi et Carnotensis habent Domini.
"Spectaculum Domino" (a spectacle to the Lord). The manuscripts of Saint-Arnoul and of Chartres have "Domini" (of the Lord).
(Baluze) ‹Quam laetus illic› · lemma note Quam laetus illic. Iidem codices praeferunt in illis.
"Quam laetus illic" (how glad there). The same manuscripts show "in illis" (in them).
(Baluze) ‹Mappalicus› · lemma note Mappalicus. Kalendarium Carthaginiense editum a Mabillonio : XIII kalend. maias martyris Mappalici. At in Martyrologio monasterii Einsidlensis edito ab eodem Mabillonio est XV kal. maii, uti etiam in antiquis martyrologiorum scriptoribus. Sanctum Cyprianum fuisse sepultum in loco qui Mappalia vocatur scribit Victor Vitensis lib. I, cap. 5.
"Mappalicus." The Calendar of Carthage published by Mabillon: "On the 13th before the Kalends of May (19 April), of the martyr Mappalicus." But in the Martyrology of the monastery of Einsiedeln published by the same Mabillon it is the 15th before the Kalends of May (17 April), as also in the ancient writers of martyrologies. Victor of Vita, book 1, chapter 5, writes that Saint Cyprian was buried in the place called Mappalia.
(Baluze) ‹Praedixit› · lemma note Praedixit. Veteres editiones Manutiana antiquiores et quaedam vetera exemplaria praeferunt promisit.
"Praedixit" (foretold). The old editions earlier than Manutius's and some old copies show "promisit" (promised).
(Baluze) ‹Accipiet› · lemma note Accipiet. In quibusdam codicibus antiquis scriptum est concipiet. Sic etiam editiones quae praecesserunt Erasmicam.
"Accipiet" (will receive). In some ancient manuscripts "concipiet" (will conceive) is written. So too the editions that preceded Erasmus's.
(Baluze) ‹Coronam gloriae› · lemma note Coronam gloriae. Ex Epistola I beati Petri, Percipietis immarcessibilem gloriae coronam. Hic Cypriani locus varie legitur in antiquis codicibus. Quidam enim habent coronam gloriae, alii gloriam coronae. Hanc discrepantiam invexit audacia librariorum. Bonam lectionem habebat etiam liber Flori. Apud Cassianum lib. VI, cap. 3, lego coronae gloriam pro quo fortassis reponendum esset coronam gloriae.
"Coronam gloriae" (the crown of glory). From the First Letter of blessed Peter: "You will receive the unfading crown of glory." This passage of Cyprian is read variously in the ancient manuscripts. Some have "coronam gloriae," others "gloriam coronae" (the glory of the crown). The boldness of copyists brought in this discrepancy. The book of Florus also had the good reading. In Cassian, book 6, chapter 3, I read "coronae gloriam," for which perhaps "coronam gloriae" should be restored.
(Baluze) ‹Ut occupetis› · lemma note Ut occupetis. Postea sequebatur in quibusdam vetustis codicibus et editionibus : Omnis autem qui agonizat in omnibus continens est. Sed cum segmentum illud non inveniatur in multis codicibus, desit autem in editionibus Manutii et Morellii, cum videam hunc ipsum Pauli locum descriptum in libro tertio Testimoniorum cap. 26 absque illo segmento, rursum non haberi in Epistola ad Fortunatum de exhortatione martyrii in optimis et vetustissimis exemplaribus, expunxi ubique, quia existimo additum fuisse a quodam studioso ex Epistola Pauli, ubi extat. Sic in pluribus Cypriani locis addita sunt segmenta ex libris sacrae Scripturae quae omissa putabant ii qui illa addiderunt. Vide annotationes Erasmi in hunc Pauli locum.
"Ut occupetis" (that you may obtain). Next there followed in some very old manuscripts and editions: "And everyone who strives is temperate in all things." But since that segment is not found in many manuscripts, and is missing in the editions of Manutius and Morel; since I see this very passage of Paul copied in the third book of the Testimonies, chapter 26, without that segment, and again not found in the Letter to Fortunatus on the exhortation to martyrdom in the best and oldest copies, I have struck it out everywhere, because I think it was added by some scholar from Paul's Letter, where it stands. So in several places of Cyprian segments from the books of Holy Scripture have been added which those who added them thought had been omitted. See Erasmus's annotations on this passage of Paul.
(Baluze) ‹Ejusdem congressionis› · lemma note Ejusdem congressionis. Codex sancti Arnulphi habet consensionis, Carnotensis consensionis vel congressionis.
"Ejusdem congressionis" (of the same encounter). The Saint-Arnoul manuscript has "consensionis" (agreement); the Chartres one "consensionis vel congressionis" (agreement or encounter).
(printed under page 119)
(d) ‹in uterum› · call in col 248
Utero Thu. Foss. Bod. 1, 2. et Adv. Jud.
"Utero" ("in the womb", ablative) Thu., Foss., Bod. 1, 2, and Adv. Jud.
(printed under page 119)
(e) ‹incorruptam› · call in col 248
Incorruptibilem Voss. 2. Bod. 1.
"Incorruptibilem" ("incorruptible") Voss. 2, Bod. 1.
(printed under page 119)
(f) ‹Ego jam libor› · call not visible in the column; the variant answers to col 248
Ego jam immolor Bod. 3. Delibor Foss. Corb.
"Ego jam immolor" ("I am already being offered") Bod. 3; "Delibor" ("I am poured out") Foss., Corb.
(printed under page 119)
LECTIONES VARIANTES. (printed under page 120)
(a) ‹vocaverit› · call in col 249
Provocaverit Oxon.
"Provocaverit" ("has challenged") Oxon.
(printed under page 120)
(b) ‹de eo› · call in col 249
Dei Oxon.
"Dei" ("of God") Oxon.
STEPH. BALUZII NOTAE. (Baluze) ‹Voluntas integra› · lemma note Voluntas integra. Hieronymus, lib. II adversus Jovinianum : In martyre enim voluntas, ex qua ipsa mors nascitur, coronatur. Vide notas ad epistolam LII, in verbo passus est.
"Voluntas integra" (the will unimpaired). Jerome, Against Jovinian book 2: "For in the martyr it is the will, from which death itself springs, that is crowned." See the notes on Letter 52, at the words "passus est."
(Baluze) ‹Ad coronam de eo› · lemma note Ad coronam de eo. Iidem codices habent ad coronam Dei. Sic etiam quaedam editiones.
"Ad coronam de eo" (for the crown from him). The same manuscripts have "ad coronam Dei" (for the crown of God). So too some editions.
(Baluze) ‹Fratres charissimi› · lemma note Fratres charissimi. Codex sancti Arnulphi, fratres dilectissimi.
"Fratres charissimi" (dearest brothers). The Saint-Arnoul manuscript, "fratres dilectissimi" (most beloved brothers).
(Baluze) ‹Accepto commeatu› · lemma note Accepto commeatu. Id est indulgentia permanendi in hac vita, uti recte explicat Rigaltius in librum Tertulliani de Fuga in persecutione.
"Accepto commeatu" (leave having been granted). That is, the indulgence of remaining in this life, as Rigault rightly explains on Tertullian's book On Flight in Persecution.
(Baluze) ‹Pax et acies› · lemma note Pax et acies. In libro de Zelo et livore p. 260 : Habet et pax coronas suas. 396 Et in libro de Opere et eleemosynis, p. 246 : In pace vincentibus coronam candidam pro operibus dabit, in persecutione purpuream pro passione geminabit. In libro de exhortatione martyrii ad Fortunatum p. 274 : In persecutione militia, in pace conscientia coronabitur. Hieronymus in Epistola ad Furiam de Viduitate servanda et in Epistola ad Heliodorum de laude Vitae solitariae : Virginum lilia et martyrum rosas. Idem in vita Malchi monachi : Habet et servata pudicitia martyrium suum. Sanctus Ambrosius in Epistola ad Simplicianum : Sunt nobis quaedam et in pace praelia et in bello pax.
"Pax et acies" (peace and the battle line). In the book On Jealousy and Envy, p. 260: "Peace too has its crowns." [The "396" printed here is as in Migne.] And in the book On Works and Alms, p. 246: "To those who conquer in peace he will give a white crown for their works; in persecution he will double it with a purple one for their suffering." In the book On the Exhortation to Martyrdom to Fortunatus, p. 274: "In persecution warfare, in peace conscience will be crowned." Jerome, in the Letter to Furia on Keeping Widowhood and in the Letter to Heliodorus in Praise of the Solitary Life: "the lilies of virgins and the roses of martyrs." The same in the Life of Malchus the monk: "Chastity kept also has its martyrdom." Saint Ambrose in the Letter to Simplicianus: "We have certain battles even in peace, and peace in war."
(Baluze) ‹Opto vos› · lemma note Opto vos. Haec desunt in libro Carnotensi.
"Opto vos" (I wish you). These words are missing in the Chartres book.
(Baluze) ‹Epist. IX› · lemma note EPIST. IX. — Inscriptio istius epistolae, cujusmodi istic ponitur, descripta est ex codice nostro Fossatensi, ex vetere Victorino, ex Michaelino, et ex editione Spirensi, tum etiam ex vetere Veneta. Pessimum illius summarium posuerunt Angli in margine.
Letter IX. — The heading of this letter, as it is set here, was copied from our Saint-Maur-des-Fossés manuscript, from the old Saint-Victor one, from the Saint-Michel one, and from the Speyer edition, and also from the old Venetian one. The English put a very bad summary of it in the margin.
(Baluze) ‹I.— Patientiam tenui› · lemma note I. — Patientiam tenui. Arcadius et Honorius Imperatores lib. XIV Cod. Theodos., de desertoribus : Ut in his patientiam tenemus.
I. — "Patientiam tenui" (I have kept patience). The Emperors Arcadius and Honorius, Theodosian Code book 14, On deserters: "As we keep patience in these matters."
(Baluze) ‹Aliqui de presbyteris› · lemma note Aliqui de presbyteris. Angli putant hic agi de quinque presbyteris seditiosis ; de quibus videndae notae nostrae ad Epistolam XXXVIII.
"Aliqui de presbyteris" (some of the presbyters). The English think the five seditious presbyters are meant here; on whom see our notes on Letter 38.
(Baluze) ‹Antecessoribus nostris› · lemma note Antecessoribus nostris. Infra, Epist LXX, ad episcopos Numidas : Sententiam nostram non novam promimus, sed jam pridem ab antecessoribus nostris statutam. Non agitur istic de episcopis Carthaginiensibus antecessoribus Cypriani, sed in universum de episcopis qui ecclesiam Africanam gubernaverunt ante Cyprianum, de septuaginta nimirum episcopis quos interfuisse concilio habito sub Agrippino docet sanctus Augustinus in libro de unico Baptismo contra Petilianum et lib. III de Baptismo contra Donatistas cap. 12.
"Antecessoribus nostris" (our predecessors). Below, Letter 70, to the Numidian bishops: "We put forward no new opinion of ours, but one long since established by our predecessors." What is meant there is not the bishops of Carthage who preceded Cyprian, but in general the bishops who governed the African church before Cyprian, namely the seventy bishops who, as Saint Augustine teaches in the book On the One Baptism against Petilian and in book 3 of On Baptism against the Donatists, chapter 12, took part in the council held under Agrippinus.
(Baluze) ‹II.— Prostrata salute› · lemma note II. — Prostrata salute. Ita omnia fere vetera exemplaria et editiones omnes ante Manutianam, in qua scriptum est contra fratrum nostrorum salutem. Sed hanc lectionem ego non reperi nisi in duobus antiquis. Reinhartus maluit veterem lectionem. Eam porro adjuvant haec verba in Epistola XI, p. 21, Per- (continues)
II. — "Prostrata salute" (the salvation [of our brothers] laid low). So almost all the old copies and all the editions before Manutius's, in which is written "against the salvation of our brothers." But I have found this reading in only two ancient ones. Reinhart preferred the old reading. It is further supported by these words in Letter 11, p. 21, (continues)
(printed under page 120)